2018年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一試卷（全國卷I）

試卷副標(biāo)題

考試范圍：xxx；考試時(shí)間：120分鐘；命題人：xxx

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聽下面的短對話，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

1. ?（1.5分） ?What will James do tomorrow？

A．Watch a TV program．

B．Give a talk．

C．Write a report．

2. ?（1.5分） ??What can we say about the woman？

A．She's generous．

B．She's curious．

C．She's helpful．

3. ?（1.5分） ?When does the train leave？

A．At 6:30． B．At 8:30． C．At 10:30．

4. ?（1.5分） ?How does the woman go to work？

A．By car． B．On foot． C．By bike．

5. ?（1.5分） ?What is the probable relationship between the speakers？

A．Classmates．

B．Teacher and student．

C．Doctor and patient．

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聽下面的長對話，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

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6. ?What does the woman regret？

A．Giving up her research.

B．Dropping out of college.

C．Changing her major.

7. ?What is the woman interested in studying now？

A．Ecology. B．Education. C．Chemistry.

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8. ?What is the man？

A．A hotel manager. B．A tour guide. C．A taxi driver.

9. ?What is the man doing for the woman？

A．Looking for some local foods．

B．Showing her around the seaside．

C．Offering information about a hotel．

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10. ?Where does the conversation probably take place？

A．In an office．

B．At home．

C．At a restaurant．

11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening？

A．Go to a concert．

B．Visit a friend．

C．Work extra hours．

12. Who is Alice going to call？

A．Mike． B．Joan． C．Catherine．

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13. Why does the woman meet the man?

A．To look at an apartment.

B．To deliver some furniture.

C．To have a meal together.

14. What does the woman like about the carpet?

A．Its color. B．Its design. C．Its quality.

15. What does the man say about the kitchen?

A．It's a good size.

B．It's newly painted.

C．It's adequately equipped.

16. What will the woman probably do next?

A．Go downtown.

B．Talk with her friend.

C．Make payment.

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聽下面的獨(dú)白，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

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17. Who is the speaker probably talking to?

A．Movie fans.

B．News reporters.

C．College students.

18. When did the speaker take English classes?

A．Before he left his hometown.

B．After he came to America.

C．When he was 15 years old.

19. How does the speaker feel about his teacher?

A．He's proud.

B．He's sympathetic.

C．He's grateful.

20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?

A．How education shaped his life.

B．How his language skills improved.

C．How he managed his business well.

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Washington, D.C. Bicycle Tours

????Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．

???Duration：3 hours

????This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability—and the cherry blossoms-disappear!

????Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour

???Duration：3 hours （4 miles）

???Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water．

????Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．

???Duration: 3 hours

???Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D. C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress, memorials, and parks. ?Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route（路線） make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.

????Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour

???Duration：3 hours （7 miles）

????Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D. C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights．

21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?

A．Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D. C.

B．Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.

C．Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D. C.

D．Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.

22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?

A．Meet famous people.

B．Go to a national park.

C．Visit well-known museums.

D．Enjoy interesting stories.

23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?

A．City maps. B．Cameras.

C．Meals. D．Safety lights.

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Good Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role-showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.

In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under ￡5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she's been able to put a lot of what she's learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.

"We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant, '' she explains, "I pay ￡5 for a portion (一份) , but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, ?water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we're not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves．"

The eight-part series (系列節(jié)目) , Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV's Save Money：Good Health， which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market．

With food our biggest weekly household expense. Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight's Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family's long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes．

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24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?

A．She enjoys embarrassing her guests.

B．She has started a new programme.

C．She dislikes working early in the morning.

D．She has had a tight budget for her family.

25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?

A．He buys cooking materials for her.

B．He prepares food for her kids.

C．He assists her in cooking matters.

D．He invites guest families for her.

26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?

A．Summarize the previous paragraphs.

B．Provide some advice for the readers.

C．Add some background information.

D．Introduce a new topic for discussion.

27. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．Keeping Fit by Eating Smart

B．Balancing Our Daily Diet

C．Making Yourself a Perfect Chef

D．Cooking Well for Less

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Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit ?(聯(lián)系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them.

Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, anddominantlanguages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.

At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven． The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number （中位數(shù)）of speakers is a mere 6,000, ?which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that．

Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡) , with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers) , Chiapaneco in Mexico (50) , Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark) : none of these seems to have much chance of survival．

28. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?

A．They developed very fast．

B．They were large in number．

C．They had similar patterns．

D．They were closely connected．

29. Which of the following best explains "dominant" underlined in paragraph 2?

A．Complex． B．Advanced． C．Powerful． D．Modern．

30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?

A．About 6,800． B．About 3,400．

C．About 2,400． D．About 1,200．

31. What is the main idea of the text?

A．New languages will be created.

B．People's lifestyles are reflected in languages.

C．Human development results in fewer languages.

D．Geography determines language evolution.

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???????We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (裝置) well after they go out of style. ?That's bad news for the environment—and our wallets—as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.

????To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life—from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002， before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.

????As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones. "The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house, " said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We're not just keeping these old devices—we continue to use them． According to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions （排放） more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window．

????So what's the solution (解決方案) ? The team's data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%．

32. What does the author think of new devices?

A．They are environment-friendly．

B．They are no better than the old．

C．They cost more to use at home．

D．They go out of style quickly．

33. Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research?

A．To reduce the cost of minerals．

B．To test the life cycle of a product．

C．To update consumers on new technology．

D．To find out electricity consumption of the devices．

34. Which of the following uses the least energy?

A．The box-set TV．

B．The tablet．

C．The LCD TV．

D．The desktop computer．

35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?

A．Stop using them. B．Take them apart.

C．Upgrade them. D．Recycle them．

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Color is fundamental in home design—something you'll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in. Do you want a room that's full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day？ ??36 ??, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel．

Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point． ??37 ??, they can get a little complex. But good news is that there're really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones．

???38 ?．They're the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable．

Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves．??39 ??． They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space．

The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you're looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant． ??40 ??

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A．While all of them are useful

B．Whatever you're looking for

C．If you're experimentmg with a color

D．Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with

E．It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces

F．So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time

G．Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways

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During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a "free" course, ?called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I ??41 ??the idea of taking the class because, after all，who doesn't want to ??42 ??a few dollars? More than that, I'd always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I weren't ??43 ??enough about free credits, news about our ??44 ??was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster, which ??45 ??I would be learning from one of the game's ??46 ?. I could hardly wait to ??47 ??him． ????

Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this ??48 ??was no game for him；he meant business. In his introduction, he made it ??49 ??that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to ??50 ??the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to ??51 ??what we would learn in class to our future professions and, ??52 ?, to our lives. I managed to get an A in that ??53 ??and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the ??54 ?. ????

Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I'm still putting to use what he ??55 ??me: "The absolute most important ??56 ??that you learn when you play chess is how to make good ??57 ?. On every single move you have to ??58 ??a situation, process what your opponent (對手) is doing and ??59 ??the best move from among all your options. " These words still ring true today in my ??60 ??as a journalist.

41. A．put forward B．jumped at C．tried out D．turned down

42. A．waste B．earn C．save D．pay

43. A．excited B．worried C．moved D．tired

44. A．title B．competitor C．textbook D．instructor

45. A．urged B．demanded C．held D．meant

46. A．fastest B．easiest C．best D．rarest

47. A．interview B．meet C．challenge D．beat

48. A．chance B．qualification

C．honor D．job

49. A．real B．perfect C．clear D．possible

50. A．attend B．pass C．skip D．observe

51. A．add B．expose C．apply D．compare

52. A．eventually B．naturally C．directly D．normally

53. A．game B．presentation C．course D．experiment

54. A．criterion B．classroom C．department D．situation

55. A．taught B．wrote C．questioned D．promised

56. A．fact B．step C．manner D．skill

57. A．grades B．decisions C．impressions D．comments

58. A．analyze B．describe C．rebuild D．control

59. A．announce B．signal C．block D．evaluate

60. A．role B．desire C．concern D．behavior

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According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ??61 ??(long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long ???62 ??(see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ??63 ???(die) early by running．

While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it ??64 ??(be) more effective at lengthening life ??65 ??walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ??66 ??showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all ??67 ??(cause)．

The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise … it's probably running. To avoid knee pain， you can run on soft surfaces， do exercises to ??68 ??(strength) your leg muscles (肌肉) , avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always ???69 ??(energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give ???70 ??a try．

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????During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. ?They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed．

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81. （25分）

假定你是李華，你的新西蘭朋友Teny將去中國朋友家做客，發(fā)郵件向你詢問有關(guān)習(xí)俗。請你回復(fù)郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1． 到達(dá)時(shí)間；

2． 合適的禮物；

3． 餐桌禮儀。

注意：

1．詞數(shù)100左右；

2． 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

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參考答案及解析

一、 聽短對話選擇

1. ?【答案】B

?【解析】根據(jù) I'll give a presentation on it in my class tomorrow. 可知明天要做演講。故選B。

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2. ?【答案】C

?【解析】根據(jù)女士說 ：對不起賣完了。但是我們可以為你定一本。如果你給我們你的電話，CD到了我們會(huì)打給你?？芍@女士很有用，能幫助人。故選C。

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3. ?【答案】C

?【解析】根據(jù)男士說的時(shí)間現(xiàn)在8點(diǎn)半，還有2小時(shí)火車開，故選C。

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4. ?【答案】B

?【解析】根據(jù) But now, I live within walking distance of my office. I don't even need a bike.可知她走著上班。故選B。

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5. ?【答案】A

?【解析】根據(jù)談話內(nèi)容可知他們在談?wù)撟蛱鞛槭裁礇]上課，關(guān)系可能是同學(xué)。故選A。

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二、 聽長對話選擇

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6. ?【答案】B

?【解析】W: The biggest mistake I made, uh...was leaving college in my last year and not completing my education. So, I', thinking of going back to school.

M: School? To study what?

W: Ecology. I'm interested in the relationship between humans and nature.

M: Cool. Is it what you studied years ago?

M: No, I majored in chemistry then.

細(xì)節(jié)信息題。根據(jù)第一句我犯的最大錯(cuò)誤就是去年輟學(xué)沒有完成學(xué)業(yè)。故選B。

7. ?【答案】A

?【解析】W: The biggest mistake I made, uh...was leaving college in my last year and not completing my education. So, I', thinking of going back to school.

M: School? To study what?

W: Ecology. I'm interested in the relationship between humans and nature.

M: Cool. Is it what you studied years ago?

M: No, I majored in chemistry then.

細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù) Ecology. I'm interested in the relationship between humans and nature.可知她最感興趣的是生態(tài)學(xué)。故選A。

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8. ?【答案】B

?【解析】根據(jù)第一句 I am your guide for this trip.可知男士的身份是導(dǎo)游。故選B。

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9. ?【答案】C

?【解析】根據(jù)談話How lovely! Could you tell me about the hotel I'm going to stay at?M: Yes, of course. 可知導(dǎo)游給女士介紹旅館的信息。故選C。

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10. ?【答案】C

?【解析】根據(jù)

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M: Hi, Alice. Nice to see you. You don't often come here.

W: I usually have fast food delivered to my office. Just came here for a change today.可知女士來餐館吃飯。故選C。

11. 【答案】A

?【解析】根據(jù)

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By the way, are you going to the concert tomorrow evening?

M: Yes, are you?可知他們明天要去音樂會(huì)。故選A。

12. 【答案】B

?【解析】根據(jù)

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M: No. But if you like, I can ask around. Uh, Joan might want to go.

W: Oh, yes. She's a great fan of classical music. I'll give her a ring after lunch.

可知女士要給Joan打電話。故選B。

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13. 【答案】A

?【解析】

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根據(jù)

W: Hi, I've only just arrived.

M: Oh, good. Now, here are the keys. Let's go in. There are two apartments. The one for rent is on the right. Do come in.

可知女士來看房子。故選A。

14. 【答案】A

?【解析】根據(jù) ?I like the carpet. The color is nice, isn't it?可知她喜歡地毯的顏色。故選A。

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15. 【答案】C

?【解析】根據(jù) ?Yes, but it has everything—cooker, fridge, even a dishwasher.可知男士認(rèn)為廚房裝備齊全。故選C。

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16. 【答案】B

?【解析】根據(jù) Yes. It is very nice, but I will have to ask my friend first. And we will come together. 可知女士要先問問朋友的意見。故選B。

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三、 聽獨(dú)白選擇

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17. 【答案】C

?【解析】根據(jù) Thank you very much. Thank you, Dr. Johnson. Well, it is really great to be back at university again. The thing that I wanted to tell you today is this: Education is important. 可知演講者又回到大學(xué)給學(xué)生們做演講。故選C。

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18. 【答案】B

?【解析】根據(jù) When I came to the US, I was only thinking about being a carpenter, but I could not read the newspaper. And I could not understand the news on television or movies or anything like this. So, I entered the city college to take English classes for foreign students. 講話者剛到美國的時(shí)候只想成為一個(gè)木匠，但是他不能讀報(bào)紙，聽不懂電視新聞和電影，因此參加了英語學(xué)習(xí)班。故選B。

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19. 【答案】C

?【解析】根據(jù) Luckily, I met a very good teacher who encouraged me to take some math classes, business classes, and history classes, and I became a full-time college student. And today, when I look back, I'm so happy because you never know where life will take you.很幸運(yùn)我遇到一位好老師，她鼓勵(lì)我參加數(shù)學(xué)課和歷史課，我成為了在校大學(xué)生。今天當(dāng)我回顧過去，我很高興，因?yàn)槟阌肋h(yuǎn)不知道生活將會(huì)把你帶向何方。演講者對老師充滿感激之情，故選C。

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20. 【答案】A

?【解析】根據(jù)演講的主題 Education is important. 可知談?wù)?的是教育的重要性，故選A。

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四、 閱讀理解

●???【分析】本文是一篇廣告應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了華盛頓的四個(gè)騎行路線，具體介紹了他們從騎行時(shí)間，騎行路線及注意事項(xiàng)等信息。

21. 【答案】A

?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。在 Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington， D.C. 中Reserve your spot before availability—and the cherry blossoms disappear! 可知櫻花消失之前要提前預(yù)定自己的位置，故選A。

22. 【答案】D

?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Knowledgeable guides will entrtain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. 可知知識淵博的導(dǎo)游會(huì)給你帶來最有趣的關(guān)于總統(tǒng)、國會(huì)、紀(jì)念館和公園的故事，故選D。

23. 【答案】D

?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights. 可知所有騎手都配有反光背心和安全燈，故選D。

●???【分析】本文是一篇說明文。本文介紹了由Susanna主持的一檔新的節(jié)目Good Morning Britain，節(jié)目中她向觀眾展示如何在預(yù)算緊張的情況下準(zhǔn)備美味的營養(yǎng)餐，該節(jié)目可以讓觀眾花最少的錢卻仍可以品嘗美食。

24. 【答案】B

?【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段 Good Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role—showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget. 可知她最近的角色就是烹任——向很多家庭展示如何在預(yù)算緊張的情況下準(zhǔn)備美味的營養(yǎng)餐，由此判斷她開辦了一個(gè)新的節(jié)目，故選B.

25. 【答案】C

?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste. 可知Matt Tebbutt是在烹飪方面為Susanna提供幫助，故選C。

26. 【答案】C

?【解析】寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第四段 The eight-part series (系列節(jié)目)，Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV's Save Money. Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market. 可知本段介紹了Save Money的一些背景信息，故選C。

27. 【答案】D

?【解析】主旨大意題。本文介紹了由Susanna主持的一檔新的節(jié)目Good Morning Britain，節(jié)目中她向觀眾展示如何在預(yù)算緊張的情況下準(zhǔn)備美味的營養(yǎng)餐，該節(jié)目可以讓觀眾花最少的錢卻仍可以品嘗美食，所以最佳標(biāo)題是Cooking Well for Less，故選D。

●???【分析】本文是一篇科教類說明文。文章講述的是語言已經(jīng)千百年的歷史，不斷地出現(xiàn)和消失，但最近新出現(xiàn)的語言越來越少，而消失地越來越多，隨著社會(huì)和工業(yè)化的發(fā)展，語言消失地越來越快．

28. 【答案】B

?【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (聯(lián)系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. 可知在狩獵的時(shí)代，狩獵團(tuán)隊(duì)各自形成了自己的語言模式，這會(huì)導(dǎo)致大量不同的語言，語言種類的數(shù)量是巨大的，故選B。

29. 【答案】C

?【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)常識及anddominantlanguages such as English， Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. 可知現(xiàn)在占據(jù)統(tǒng)治地位的語言有英語、西班牙語和漢語，可以猜測dominant意為"統(tǒng)治的，強(qiáng)大的"。complex復(fù)雜的；advanced高級的，先進(jìn)的；powerful有力的，強(qiáng)大的；modern現(xiàn)代的。故選C。

30. 【答案】B

?【解析】數(shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù)At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. 及The median number (中位數(shù)) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that. 可知世界上的僅僅不到6000人卻說的語言占到一半的世界語言，世界所有的語言大約有6800種，可知，6800*1/2=3400，故選B。

31. 【答案】C

?【解析】主旨大意題。本文是一篇科教類閱讀，文章講述的是語言已經(jīng)千百年的歷史，不斷地出現(xiàn)和消失，但最近新出現(xiàn)的語言越來越少，而消失地越來越多，隨著社會(huì)和工業(yè)化的發(fā)展，語言消失地越來越快，由此可以判斷人類的發(fā)展導(dǎo)致了更少的語言，故選C。

●???【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了新設(shè)備比舊設(shè)備更環(huán)保、更節(jié)能，因此建議人們使用新設(shè)備來代替舊設(shè)備。

32. 【答案】A

?【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段的兩句話可知，第一句表明人們并不會(huì)迅速拋棄舊的電子產(chǎn)品，第二句 That's bad news for the environment—and our wallets—as these outdated devices suck up much more energy than their newer counterparts. 說明持續(xù)使用舊的電子產(chǎn)品對環(huán)境而言是不利的，因?yàn)榕f電子產(chǎn)品更耗能。因此，新電子產(chǎn)品應(yīng)該是相對節(jié)能，即環(huán)保的。A項(xiàng)意為"他們是環(huán)保的"；B項(xiàng)意為"他們并不比舊電子產(chǎn)品好"；C項(xiàng)意為"家用時(shí)他們更耗電"；D項(xiàng)意為"他們很快過時(shí)"。故選A。

33. 【答案】D

?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句話中的 To figure out how much power these devices are using. 可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是測量這些電器的耗電量。A項(xiàng)意為"降低礦物成本"；B項(xiàng)意為"測試產(chǎn)品生命周期"；C項(xiàng)意為"使消費(fèi)者了解新技術(shù)"；D項(xiàng)意為"測量這些電器的耗電量"。故選D。

34. 【答案】B

?【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段最后一句話 They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%. 可知， tablets 比 TVs 和desktop computers 耗電量低，故 tablets 是最省電的。A項(xiàng)意為"機(jī)頂盒式電視機(jī)"；B項(xiàng)意為"平板電腦"；C項(xiàng)意為"液晶電視"；D項(xiàng)意為"臺式電腦"。故選B。

35. 【答案】A

?【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的第一段可知，作者認(rèn)為持續(xù)使用舊的電子產(chǎn)品既不環(huán)保也不經(jīng)濟(jì)，中間段落在測試各代電子產(chǎn)品進(jìn)一步證明首段的觀點(diǎn)。尾段談到解決方案，研究人員測試出如果棄置舊電器，換用新的多功能電子產(chǎn)品，將有近一半的節(jié)能節(jié)省，因此可以得出，作者支持用新產(chǎn)品替代舊產(chǎn)品。A項(xiàng)意為"停止使用它們"；B項(xiàng)意為"分解它們"；C項(xiàng)意為"升級它們"；D項(xiàng)意為"回收它們"。故選A。

五、 短文型七選五閱讀

●???【分析】本文是一篇說明文。講述了顏色在家居設(shè)計(jì)方面的重要性，恰當(dāng)?shù)念伾梢宰屓烁械郊业臏剀安⒏械椒潘伞?/span>

36. 【答案】B

?【解析】上文提到 "Do you want a room that's full of life？" 以及"Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day？" 下文提到"color is the key"，B項(xiàng)意為"無論你在尋找什么。"承接上文，并且引出下文，符文語境。故選B。

37. 【答案】A

?【解析】下文提到"they can get a little complex．" A項(xiàng)意為"盡管它們都有用。"引出下文，符合語境。故選A。

38. 【答案】D

?【解析】上文提到"the small ones； the medium ones； and the large ones．" D項(xiàng)意為"小色塊選擇是我們最熟悉的"，承接上文中出現(xiàn)的第一個(gè) "the small ones"，符合語境。故選D。

39. 【答案】G

?【解析】下文提到"They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones， and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space．" G項(xiàng)意為"這方面的顏色選擇是在小色塊顏色選擇上有兩方面升級"，符合語境。故選G。

40. 【答案】F

?【解析】下文提到"The time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. " F項(xiàng)意為"所以你這些事一定是有報(bào)答的，因?yàn)槟銖囊婚_始就想讓它在正常的軌道上。"符合語境。故選F。

六、 完形填空

●???【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者通過自己大學(xué)期間選修國際象棋的經(jīng)歷，告訴我們?nèi)松缦笃?，每一步都需要做好決定，這在做任何一件事中都是如此。

41. 【答案】B

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A. put forward提出； B. jumped at急于接受； C. tried out 試用；D. turned down 拒絕；根據(jù) More than that, I'd always wanted to learn chess. 可知作者迫不及待地要去學(xué)習(xí)這門課程，因?yàn)樽约阂恢毕雽W(xué)習(xí)國際象棋，故選B。

42. 【答案】C

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. waste浪費(fèi)； B. earn賺得； C. save節(jié)約，拯救； D. pay支付；根據(jù)前文I was told that the education department was offering a "free" course. 可知這門課是免費(fèi)的，作者認(rèn)為誰不想節(jié)省幾美元呢，故選C。

43. 【答案】A

?【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A. excited激動(dòng)的； B. worried擔(dān)心的； C. moved激動(dòng)的； D. tired疲憊的；根據(jù)下文was appealing enough to me可知盡管學(xué)分并不讓作者足夠激動(dòng)，故選A。

44. 【答案】D

?【解析】考查名詞辨析。A. title標(biāo)題； B. competitor競爭者； C. textbook教科書； D. instructor指導(dǎo)者，教師；根據(jù)下文He was an international grandmaster. 可知這位國際大師級的教練足夠吸引作者了，故選D。

45. 【答案】D

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. urged催促； B. demanded要求； C. held舉行； D. meant 意味著；根據(jù) which ????I would be learning from one of the game's. 可知這對于作者來說，意味著可以從最擅長這個(gè)游戲的人之一那學(xué)到技能，故選D。

46. 【答案】C

?【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A. fastest最快的； B. easiest最容易的； C. best最好的； D. rarest最稀有的；根據(jù)前文He was an international grandmaster. 可知這位教練是最好的教練之一，故選C。

47. 【答案】B

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. interview采訪，面試； B. meet遇見； C. challenge挑戰(zhàn)； D. beat擊??；根據(jù)前文 news about our ????was appealing enough to me. 可知作者迫不及待地要見到這位教練，故選B。

48. 【答案】D

?【解析】考查名詞辨析。A. chance機(jī)會(huì)； B. qualification資格； C. honor榮譽(yù)； D. job工作；根據(jù)前文 a former graduate returning to teach可知這位教練是往屆畢業(yè)生，又回校教授國際象棋，這對于他來說是份工作，故選D。

49. 【答案】C

?【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A. real真正的； B. perfect完美的； C. clear清楚的； D. possible可能的；根據(jù) In his introduction, he made it ????that our credits would be hard-earned. 可知在介紹中，教練清楚地闡明了他的課程的學(xué)分將會(huì)很難取得，故選C。

50. 【答案】B

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. attend參加； B. pass通過； C. skip跳過； D. observe觀察；根據(jù)前文our credits would be hard-earned. 可知由于學(xué)分很難取得，此處是作者為了通過課程，故選B。

51. 【答案】C

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. add增加； B. expose暴露； C. apply申請，運(yùn)用； D. compare比較；根據(jù)we had to write a paper on how we plan to ????what we would learn in class to our future professions. 可知作者必須寫一篇論文，說明打算如何把課堂上學(xué)到的東西應(yīng)用到將來的職業(yè)中去，故選C。

52. 【答案】A

?【解析】考查副詞辨析。A. eventually 最后； B. naturally 自然地； C. directly 直接地； D. normally 正常地；根據(jù)we had to write a paper on how we plan to ????what we would learn in class to our future professions and, ????，to our lives. 可知作者必須寫一篇論文，說明打算如何把課堂上學(xué)到的東西應(yīng)用到將來的職業(yè)中去，并最終運(yùn)用到生活中去，故選A。

53. 【答案】C

?【解析】考查名詞辨析。A. game比賽，游戲； B. presentation展示； C. course課程； D. experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；根據(jù)前文I was told that the education department was offering a "free" course. 可知作者在這門課程中獲得了A，故選C。

54. 【答案】B

?【解析】考查名詞辨析。A. criterion規(guī)范，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)； B. classroom教室； C. department部門； D. situation情形；根據(jù)前文learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the ??????. 可知作者學(xué)到了在課堂之外為他服務(wù)的生活課程，故選B。

55. 【答案】A

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. taught 教； B.wrote 寫； C.questioned 質(zhì)問； D.promised 允諾；根據(jù)前文Maurice Ashley was kind and smart， a former graduate returning to teach. 可知Maurice Ashley是作者的教練，此處應(yīng)該是教給作者的知識，故選A。

56. 【答案】D

?【解析】考查名詞辨析。A. fact事實(shí)； B. step腳步，步驟； C. manner行為； D. skill技能；根據(jù)The absolute most important ????that you learn. 可知此處指的是作者學(xué)到的最重要的技能，故選D。

57. 【答案】B

?【解析】考查名詞辨析。A. grades等級； B. decisions決定； C. impressions印象； D. comments評論；根據(jù)下文the best move from among all your options. 可知最重要的技能是如何作出決定，故選B。

58. 【答案】A

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. analyze分析； B. describe描述； C. rebuild重建； D. control控制；根據(jù)常識及every single move you have to ????a situation，process what your opponent (對手) is doing. 可知下象棋的時(shí)候需要分析每一步棋，還要分析對手會(huì)怎么做，故選A。

59. 【答案】D

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. announce宣告； B. signal發(fā)信號； C. block阻礙； D. evaluate評估；根據(jù)下文the best move from among all your options.可知要評估哪一步是最好的一步棋，故選D。

60. 【答案】A

?【解析】考查名詞辨析。A. role角色； B. desire欲望； C. concern關(guān)心； D. behavior 行為；根據(jù)These words still ring true today in my ????as a journalist. 可知在我擔(dān)任記者的角色的今天，這些話仍然是真實(shí)的，故選A。

七、 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容或單詞的正確形式填空

●???【分析】本文是一篇說明文，講述跑步的好處：根據(jù)醫(yī)學(xué)雜志上的一項(xiàng)證據(jù)，跑步者比不跑步的人多活三年。每天只要跑5到10分鐘，就能降低罹患心臟病和各種原因?qū)е碌脑缤鲲L(fēng)險(xiǎn)。跑步既便宜又容易，而且總是充滿活力。

61. 【答案】 longer；

?【解析】 考查形容詞比較級。后面有than，所以用比較級。故填longer。

62. 【答案】to see；

?【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。作目的狀語，所以用不定式。故填to see。

63. 【答案】dying；

?【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。介詞of后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語。故填dying。

64. 【答案】is；

?【解析】考查主謂一致。主語為it，所以用第三人稱單數(shù)謂語。故填is。

65. 【答案】than；

?【解析】考查固定搭配。前面有比較級more effective，所以用than。故填than。

66. 【答案】that 或 which；

?【解析】考查定語從句。先行詞為study，在定語從句中作主語，所以用which或that引導(dǎo)。故填 that 或 which。

67. 【答案】causes；

?【解析】考查名詞的數(shù)。cause"原因"，為可數(shù)名詞，前面有all，所以用復(fù)數(shù)。故填causes。

68. 【答案】strengthen；

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。作目的狀語，用不定式，前面有to，所以用動(dòng)詞原形。故填strengthen。

69. 【答案】energetic；

?【解析】考查形容詞。前面是it's, 此空作表語，所以用形容詞。故填energetic。

70. 【答案】it 或 running；

?【解析】考查名詞或代詞。指代前面提到的running，可以用running，作賓語，也可以用it。故填 it 或 running。

八、 短文改錯(cuò)

●???【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了鄉(xiāng)下祖父母家發(fā)生的變化，生活越來越好，我感到幸福，打算每一年回老家一次。

71. 【答案】to 后面加the。

?

?【解析】考查冠詞。名詞countryside前邊要加 the，這里是特指鄉(xiāng)下。故在to 的后面加the。

72. 【答案】find 改成 found。

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間是去年寒假，所以用過去時(shí)。故將find改成found。

73. 【答案】another 改成 other。

?【解析】考查形容詞。根據(jù)句意； 他們和狗，鴨子，以及其他的動(dòng)物，another 是另一個(gè)。故將another改成other。

74. 【答案】here 改成 there。

?【解析】考查副詞。祖父母在鄉(xiāng)下，所以應(yīng)該是去那里。故將here改成there。

75. 【答案】chicken 改成 chickens。

?【解析】考查名詞的數(shù)。chicken作為"雞"講是可數(shù)名詞，所以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故將chicken改成chickens。

76. 【答案】which前加 in。 ||| which改成where。

?【解析】考查定語從句。先行詞為pond，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，所以用 where 或 in which 引導(dǎo)。故 which前加 in 或 which改成where。

77. 【答案】sell 改成 selling。

?

?【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞。介詞by后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語。故將sell改成selling。

78. 【答案】happily 改成 happy。

?【解析】考查形容詞。此空作felt的表語，用形容詞。故將happily改成happy。

79. 【答案】去掉 return 后面的 for。

?【解析】考查固定搭配。every two years 每兩年，為固定搭配，不加 for。故去掉 return 后面的 for。

80. 【答案】but 改成 and。

?【解析】考查連詞。前后句子是并列關(guān)系，所以用and連接。故將 but 改成 and。

九、 書面表達(dá)

81. 【答案】Dear Teny，

??????How are you doing? In your last letter, you asked me about being a guest to a Chinese friend's home. Now, I am writing to infrom you of some relevant details． ??

????To begin with, according to our tradition, you are supposed to arrive early, so that you can help the family prepare the dinner, which is not only meaningful but also interesting. Besides, you'd better bring some gifts, such as a book or a Chinese knot. What's more, when you are enjoying the meal，you need to avoid making noises while chewing food.

?????Hopefully, these suggestions would be helpful for you. I have the confidence that you will have a great time. Looking forward to your good news．

???????Best wishes!

?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Yours，

????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Li Hua　

?【解析】

這是李華給新西蘭朋友Teny的一封信．根據(jù)題目要求可知用第一人稱，時(shí)態(tài)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)為主。

高分句型

1. To begin with, according to our tradition， you are supposed to arrive early, so that you can help the family prepare the dinner, which is not only meaningful but also interesting．

句子里so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句 you can help the family prepare the dinner；which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句 is not only meaningful but also interesting。

首先，根據(jù)我們的傳統(tǒng)，你應(yīng)該早點(diǎn)到達(dá)，這樣你就可以幫助家人準(zhǔn)備晚餐，這不僅有意義，而且很有趣．

2. I have the confidence that you will have a great time． 句子里 解釋名詞 the confidence 的含義，that 引導(dǎo)同位語從句you will have a great time．

我相信你會(huì)玩得很開心．

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