2012年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（全國(guó)卷II）

試卷副標(biāo)題

考試范圍：xxx；考試時(shí)間：120分鐘；命題人：xxx

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1. ?（1分）theater

A．treasure B．wheat

C．season D．realize

2. ?（1分）persuade

A．usual B．insist

C．sugar D．trousers

3. ?（1分）company

A．alone B．carrot

C．money D．knock

4. ?（1分）opposite

A．service B．outside

C．pioneer D．police

5. ?（1分）society

A．official B．recent

C．chocolate D．difficult

6. ?（1分）–What shall we do tonight then?

–???????????????, whatever you want.

A．Help yourself B．It's a deal

C．No problem D．It's up to you

7. ?（1分）He missed ??????????????gold in the high jump, but will get ??????????????second chance in the long jump.

A．the; the B．不填; a C．the; a D．a; 不填

8. ?（1分）That evening, ??????????????I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.

A．that B．which C．what D．when

9. ?（1分）Sarah made ??????????????to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.

A．herself B．this C．that D．it

10. （1分）Tony lent me the money, ??????????????that I'd do as much for him.

A．hoping B．to hope C．hoped D．having hoped

11. （1分）I had hardly got to the office ??????????????my wife phoned me to go back home at once.

A．when B．than C．until D．after

12. （1分）We ??????????????to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.

A．set about B．set up C．set out D．set down

13. （1分）Next to biology, I like physics ?????????????.

A．better B．best C．the better D．very well

14. （1分）–Did you ask Sophia for help?

–I ??????????????need to. I managed perfectly well on my own.

A．wouldn't B．don't C．didn't D．won't

15. （1分）The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy ??????????????anything that happened to be on.

A．to watch B．watching

C．watched D．to have watched

16. （1分）100 is the temperature ??????????????which water will boil.

A．for B．at C．on D．of

17. （1分）I'm going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ??????????????find the money.

A．can B．might C．would D．need

18. （1分）The manager ??????????????the workers how to improve the program since 9 a.m.

A．has told B．is telling

C．has been telling D．will have told

19. （1分）TheHarry Potterbooks are quite popular; they are in great ??????????????in this city.

A．quantity B．progress C．production D．demand

20. （1分）–Try not to work yourself too hard. Take it easy.

–Thanks. ?????????????

A．So what? B．No way. C．What for? D．You, too.

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Around twenty years ago I was living in York. ??21 ??I had a lot of experience and a Master's degree, I could not find ??22 ??work.

I was ??23 ??a school bus to make ends meet and ??24 ??with a friend of mine, for I had lost my flat. I had ??25 ??five interviews (面試) with a company and one day between bus runs they called to say I did not ??26 ??the job. "Why has my life become so ??27 ??" I thought painfully.

As I pulled the bus over to ??28 ??a little girl, she handed me an earring ??29 ??I should keep it ??30 ??somebody claimed (認(rèn)領(lǐng)) it. The earring was painted black and said "BE HAPPY".

At first I got angry. Then it ??31 ??me—I had been giving all of my ??32 ??to what was going wrong with my ??33 ??rather than what was right! I decided then and there to make a ??34 ??of fifty things I was happy with. Later, I decided to ??35 ??more things to the list. That night there was a phone call for ??36 ??from a lady who was a director at a larger ??37 ?. She asked me if I would ??38 ??a one-day lecture on stress (壓力) management to 200 medical workers. I said yes.

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My ??39 ??there went very well, and before long I got a well-paid job. To this day I know that it was because I changed my way of ??40 ??that I completely changed my life.

21. A．As B．Though C．If D．When

22. A．successfu B．extra C．satisfying D．convenient

23. A．driving B．repairing C．taking D．designing

24. A．working B．travelling C．discussing D．living

25. A．prepared for B．attended C．asked for D．held

26. A．lose B．like C．find D．get

27. A．hard B．busy C．serious D．short

28. A．wave at B．drop off C．call on D．look for

29. A．ordering B．promising C．saying D．showing

30. A．in case B．or else C．as if D．now that

31. A．hurt B．hit C．caught D．moved

32. A．feelings B．attention C．strength D．interests

33. A．opinions B．education C．experiences D．life

34. A．list B．book C．check D．copy

35. A．connect B．turn C．keep D．add

36. A．her B．a passenger C．me D．my friend

37. A．hospital B．factory C．restaurant D．hotel

38. A．listen to B．review C．give D．talk about

39. A．plan B．choice C．day D．tour

40. A．operation B．speaking C．employment D．thinking

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Cold weather can hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people. Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter (住所) as they are. Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors. This can put their pets in danger of serious illness. There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.

Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad. If you have to take them out, stay outside with them. When you're cold enough to go inside, they probably are too. I you must leave them outside for a long time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and plenty of non-frozen water.

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If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter. They can dig into snow banks or hide somewhere. Watch them closely when they are left outdoors, and provide them with shelter of good quality. Keep an eye on your pet's water. Sometimes owners don't realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet can't get anything to drink. Animals that don't have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them.

41. What do we learn about pets from Paragraph 1?

A．They are often forgotten by their owners.

B．They are used to living outdoors.

C．They build their won shelters.

D．They like to stay in warm places.

42. Why are pet owners asked to stay with their pets when they are out in cold weather?

A．To know when to bring them inside.

B．To keep them from eating bad food.

C．To help them find shelters.

D．To keep them company.

43. If pets are left on their own outdoors in cold weather, they may ?????????????.

A．run short of clean water

B．dig deep holes for fun

C．dirty the snow nearby

D．get lost in the wild

44. What is the purpose of this text?

A．To solve a problem.

B．To give practical advice.

C．To tell an interesting story.

D．To present a research result.

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You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it. You do not need to be strong. But you need to be quick. And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.

First, you must ask yourself, "Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?" You must think about this all the time on the boat. The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.

Let's start with the wind blowing from behind. This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction. Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. It should be at a 90 angle (角度) to the boat. Then it will catch the wind best.

If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45 angle to the boat. ?It?needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn't flap (擺動(dòng)). It shouldn't look like a flag on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.

Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want to go in that direction. It is possible, but you can't go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.

45. What should you consider first while sailing?

A．Sailors' strength.

B．Wave levels.

C．Wind directions.

D．Size of sails.

46. What does the word "It" underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A．The boat. B．The wind. C．The sail. D．The angle.

47. What do you have to do when sailing against the wind?

A．Move in a straight line.

B．Allow the sail to flap.

C．Lower the sail.

D．Tack the boat.

48. Where can you probably find the text?

A．In a popular magazine.

B．In a tourist guidebook.

C．In a physics textbook.

D．In an official report.

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Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A woman's smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures. For example, many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities). Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don't smile enough. In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.

Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt to "read" people from another culture as we would "read" someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressiveness permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.

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It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of "reading" the other person incorrectly.

49. What does the smile usually mean in the U. S.?

A．Love. B．Politeness.

C．Joy. D．Thankfulness.

50. The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can ?????????????.

A．show friendliness to strangers

B．be used to hide true feelings

C．be used in the wrong places

D．show personal habits

51. What should we do before attempting to "read" people?

A．Learn about their relations with others.

B．Understand their cultural backgrounds.

C．Find out about their past experience.

D．Figure out what they will do next.

52. What would be the best title for the test?

A．Cultural Differences

B．Smiles and Relationship

C．Facial Expressiveness

D．Habits and Emotions

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ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia—One of the world's most famous fossils (化石)—the 3.2 million-year-old Lucy skeleton (骨骼) unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974—will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United States, officials said Tuesday.

Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice. The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, isa replica?while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom. A team from the Museum of National Science in Houston, Texas, spent four years discussing with the Ethiopians for the U. S. tour, which will start in Houston next September.

"Ethiopia's rich culture of both the past and today, is one of the best kept secrets in the world," said Joel Bartsch, director of the Houston museum.

The six-year tour will also go to Washington, New York, Denver and Chicago. Officials said six other U. S. cities may be on the tour. But they said plans had not been worked out.

Travelling with Lucy will be 190 other fossils.

Lucy, her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of her discovery, is part of the skeleton of what was once a $3\dfrac12$-foot-tall ape-man (猿人).

53. The author writes this text mainly to ?????????????.

A．introduce a few U. S. museums

B．describe some research work

C．discuss the value of an ape-man

D．report a coming event

54. What do the words "a replica" in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A．A painting of the skeleton.

B．A photograph of Lucy.

C．A copy of the skeleton.

D．A written record of Lucy.

55. How many cities has Lucy's U. S. tour plan already included?

A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Eleven.

56. What was the skeleton named after?

A．An ape-man. B．A song. C．A singer. D．A camp.

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Make Up Your Mind to Succeed

Kind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failure. The generation born between 1980 and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores and performance were played down because "everyone's a winner." And their report cards sounded more positive (正面的) than ever before. As a result, Stanford University professor Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them "the overpraised generation."

Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years. Her research has led her to find out two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to it. Here's how they work:

A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent (才能) is genetic—you're a born artist, point guard, or numbers person. The fixed mind-set believes it's sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame. When things get difficult, it's quick to blame, lie, and even stay away from future difficulties.

On the other hand, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirely heaven-sent and that effort and learning make everything possible. Because the ego (自尊) isn't on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rather than shame. When faced with a difficulty, it's quick to rethink, change and try again. In fact, it enjoys this experience.

We are all born with growth mind-sets. (Otherwise, we wouldn't be able to live in the world.) But parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mind-sets by encouraging certain actions and misdirecting praise. Dweck's book,Mind-set: The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program explain this in depth. But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure.

57. What does the author think about the present generation?

A．They don't do well at school.

B．They are often misunderstood.

C．They are eager to win in sports.

D．They are given too much praise.

58. A fixed mind-set person is probably one who ?????????????.

A．doesn't want to work hard

B．cares a lot about personal safety

C．cannot share his ideas with others

D．can succeed with the help of teachers

59. What does the growth mind-set believe?

A．Admitting failure is shameful.

B．Talent comes with one's birth.

C．Scores should be highly valued.

D．Getting over difficulties is enjoyable.

60. What should parents do for their children based on Dweck's study?

A．Encourage them to learn from failures.

B．Prevent them from making mistakes.

C．Guide them in doing little things.

D．Help them grow with praise.

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Daughter: Dad. You love me, don't you?

Father: Of course, I do. ??61 ??

Daughter: Well, I saw this great offer for a free phone here in the newspaper, and…

Father: ??62 ??

Daughter: Well, the phone is free…after the＄50 I pay is returned to me.

Father: Ah, so that's the catch. ??63 ??

Daughter: Dad. All my friends have one.

Father: Ah, I don't know. ??64 ??

Daughter: But the monthly charge for this service is only＄29.99, with 1, 000 free weekday minutes nationwide, and unlimited weekend minutes.

Father: I don't know.

Daughter: Please Dad. With the new phone you won't have to worry about me while I'm driving the new car.

Father: ??65 ??

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Daughter: The new car you'll need to buy so I can use the phone.

A．Ah…what's on your mind?

B．New car? What new car?

C．Free? Nothing's ever free.

D．What did you do to the new car?

E．And why on earth do you need a phone?

F．They always charge a lot for the service.

G．But what is the term of the service agreement?

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66. （1分）Do you speak any ??????????????(外國(guó)) languages?

67. （1分）Rebecca was the ??????????????(驕傲) of her family.

68. （1分）Will you stop ??????????????(打斷) me when I'm talking?

69. （1分）David Beckham's ??????????????(國(guó)籍) is British.

70. （1分）The ??????????????(現(xiàn)代) history of Italy dates from 1860.

71. （1分）Bob's ??????????????(侄子) is a freshman at Harvard University.

72. （1分）Alice wanted to borrow Jack's computer, but he ??????????????(拒絕).

73. （1分）Her ??????????????(書架) are filled with books and photos.

74. （1分）What are you girls ??????????????(耳語(yǔ)) about?

75. （1分）Don't ??????????????(咳嗽) more than you can help.

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Dear Editor,

I'm writing to tell you opinion about water saving.

?Water is important. We, as well as animal, cannot live

?without water and neither agriculture or industry can go

without it. Yet it seemed water is becoming less and less.

Many countries in the world find we don't have enough water.

To deal with a problem, I think, we should first go all

out to plant trees though trees will help save water. Next, no

drinking water should be left running. Third, we should find

ways to reuse the water using in washing, especially bath

water for which is quite a lot, and that will save much water.

?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Sincerely,

??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Li Hua

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86. （25分）假定你是李華。你班同學(xué)決定為小明舉辦生日聚會(huì)。請(qǐng)你寫信邀請(qǐng)外教Susan參加，要點(diǎn)包括：

（1）時(shí)間：周五晚8點(diǎn)至9點(diǎn)；

（2）地點(diǎn)：學(xué)生俱樂部；

（3）內(nèi)容：生日歌、蛋糕、游戲等；

（4）要求：備小禮物。

注意：

（1）詞數(shù)100左右，開頭語(yǔ)已為你寫好；

（2）可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以便行文連貫。

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Hi, Susan,

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We're throwing a surprise party for Xiaoming's birthday.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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參考答案及解析

一、 單選題

1. ?【答案】D

?【解析】考查語(yǔ)音辨析。theater的音標(biāo)是['θ??t?]，字母組合ea發(fā)的音是/??/。字母組合ea在不同的單詞中的發(fā)音：treasure的音標(biāo)是[?tre??r]，字母組合ea發(fā)的音是/e/；wheat的音標(biāo)是[wi:t]，字母組合ea發(fā)的音是/i:/；season的音標(biāo)是[?si:zn]，字母組合ea發(fā)的音是/i:/；realize的音標(biāo)是[?ri:?la?z]，字母組合ea發(fā)的音是/??/；D項(xiàng)發(fā)音與題干詞匯相同，故選D。

2. ?【答案】B

?【解析】考查語(yǔ)音辨析。persuade的音標(biāo)是[p??swe?d]，字母s發(fā)的音是/s/。A. usual的音標(biāo)是[?ju：?u?l]，字母s發(fā)的音是/?/；B. insist的音標(biāo)是[?n?s?st]，字母s發(fā)的音是/s/； C. sugar的音標(biāo)是[???g?(r)]，字母s發(fā)的音是/?/；D. trousers的音標(biāo)是[?tra?z?z]，字母s發(fā)的音是/z/。B項(xiàng)發(fā)音與題干詞匯相同，故選B。

3. ?【答案】C

?【解析】考查語(yǔ)音辨析。company的音標(biāo)是[?k?mp?ni]，字母o發(fā)的音是/?/。A. alone的音標(biāo)是[??l??n]，字母o發(fā)的音是/??/；B. carrot的音標(biāo)是[?k?r?t]，字母o發(fā)的音是/?/；C. money的音標(biāo)是[?m?ni]，字母o發(fā)的音是/?/；D. knock的音標(biāo)是[n?k]，字母o發(fā)的音是/?/；C項(xiàng)發(fā)音與題干詞匯相同，故選C。

4. ?【答案】A

?【解析】考查語(yǔ)音辨析。opposite的音標(biāo)是[??p?z?t]，字母i的發(fā)音是/?/。A. service的音標(biāo)是[?s?:v?s]，字母i的發(fā)音是/?/；B. outside的音標(biāo)是[?a?t?sa?d]，字母i的發(fā)音是/a?/；C. pioneer的音標(biāo)是[?pa???n??(r)]，字母i的發(fā)音是/a?/；D. police的音標(biāo)是[p??li:s]，字母i的發(fā)音是/i:/；A項(xiàng)發(fā)音與題干詞匯相同，故選A。

5. ?【答案】B

?【解析】考查語(yǔ)音辨析。society音標(biāo)為[s??sa??ti]，字母c發(fā)的是/s/。 A. official音標(biāo)為[??f??l]，字母c發(fā)的是/?/；B. recent音標(biāo)為[?ri:snt]，字母c發(fā)的是/s/；C. chocolate音標(biāo)為[?t??kl?t]，字母c發(fā)的是/k/；D. difficult音標(biāo)為[?d?f?k?lt]，字母c發(fā)的是/k/。B項(xiàng)發(fā)音與題干詞匯相同，故選B。

6. ?【答案】D

?【解析】考查情景交際。句意：–那么今晚我們要干點(diǎn)什么呢？–由你決定，你想干什么就干什么。A項(xiàng)“請(qǐng)自便”；B項(xiàng)“一言為定，成交”；C項(xiàng)“沒問題”；D項(xiàng)“由你決定，取決于你”。根據(jù)破折號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容"whatever you want"可知，答話人表示一切聽從對(duì)方的安排，因此D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，其它選項(xiàng)均不符合，故選D。

7. ?【答案】C

?【解析】考查冠詞辨析。句意：他在跳高比賽中錯(cuò)失了金牌，但是他將在跳遠(yuǎn)比賽中獲得再一次奪得金牌的機(jī)會(huì)。第一空格用the特指跳高金牌，第二空格用a/an+序數(shù)詞表示“又一，再一”。故選C。

8. ?【答案】B

?【解析】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。句意為：那天晚上我工作到很晚，關(guān)于那天晚上的更多事我稍后會(huì)告訴你的。題干需要一個(gè)連接從句的關(guān)系詞，從句中缺少介詞賓語(yǔ)，故排除D。when是關(guān)系副詞，不能做賓語(yǔ)，學(xué)生容易誤選when，誤以為先行詞是that evening；what不引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；用逗號(hào)隔開，表明是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而that不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，故選which做about的賓語(yǔ)。故選B。

9. ?【答案】D

?【解析】考查代詞it的固定搭配。句意：今天早上，薩拉及時(shí)抵達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)并趕上了飛機(jī)。make it是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“成功；達(dá)到預(yù)定目標(biāo)”。解答本題的關(guān)鍵是句中的副詞just，表示剛好趕上飛機(jī)，說明薩拉“成功地準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)”。故選D。

10. 【答案】A

?【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：Tony借給我錢，希望我為他做更多的事。根據(jù)句意，托尼留給我錢，同時(shí)希望我能給他多多做事。hope與Tony之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)做伴隨狀語(yǔ)。故選A。

11. 【答案】A

?【解析】考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意為：我剛到辦公室，我妻子就給我打電話讓我立刻回家。本題只要辨認(rèn)出固定句型hardly…when…問題即刻解決。故選A。

12. 【答案】C

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：我們開始著手油漆整座房子，可是那天只完成了房子前面的部分。set about doing sth.：決心開始做某事；set up：支起，創(chuàng)立；set out to do：著手去做某事，出發(fā)（旅行）；set down：記下。根據(jù)句意已經(jīng)空格后面的不定式，故選C。

13. 【答案】B

?【解析】考查副詞最高級(jí)。句意為：除了生物之外，我最喜歡物理。next to 在這里是“除了…...之外”的意思。 因?yàn)檎f除了biology之外我最喜歡的就是physics了，所以用best。此處best是副詞的最高級(jí)，修飾動(dòng)詞like，強(qiáng)調(diào)最喜歡。故選B。

14. 【答案】C

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：–你向索菲亞求助了嗎？–我不需要，我已經(jīng)自己完美解決了。問句中是一般疑問句式，那么回答也應(yīng)該一致?；卮鹬?/span>need是作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞用，在這里只是簡(jiǎn)單陳述過去的事實(shí)。故選C。

15. 【答案】A

?【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：那位老人每天晚上坐在電視機(jī)前，高興地看要上演的任何節(jié)目。happy ??????????????anything that happened to be on是形容詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。而 ??????????????anything that happened to be on又做happy的原因狀語(yǔ)，be happy to do...為固定用法，be happy to have done表示因做了...…而開心，根據(jù)句意，他高興地看要上演的任何節(jié)目，故選A。

16. 【答案】B

?【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞前的介詞辨析。句意：100度是水沸騰的溫度點(diǎn)。根據(jù)句意可知，which后是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞“the temperature”，所以which是指代“the temperature”。在表示溫度、速度、價(jià)格、比率、節(jié)日等名詞前常用介詞at，意為“以/在 ……”。故選B。

17. 【答案】A

?【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：如果我能弄到錢，我就和約翰一起去歐洲度假。can能夠，有時(shí)會(huì)；might可能；would意愿或過去習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作；need需要。根據(jù)句意，我和約翰去歐洲度假的前提是，我“能夠”弄到錢，故選A。

18. 【答案】C

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：自上午9點(diǎn)以來，經(jīng)理一直在告訴工人們?nèi)绾蝸砀纳七@個(gè)項(xiàng)目。have/has been doing表示過去發(fā)生的某個(gè)動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能剛剛結(jié)束，還可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。根據(jù)句意，自從上午9點(diǎn)以來，經(jīng)理一直告訴工人們?nèi)绾蝸砀纳七@個(gè)項(xiàng)目。是過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，可能還會(huì)繼續(xù)持續(xù)下午，故選C。

19. 【答案】D

?【解析】考查名詞辨析。句意：《哈利波特》很受歡迎，他們?cè)谶@個(gè)城市有很大的需求量。quantity數(shù)量；progress進(jìn)步，發(fā)展；production成果，生產(chǎn)；demand需求。根據(jù)句意：由《哈利波特》很受歡迎可知，他們?cè)谶@個(gè)城市有很大的“需求量”。故選D。

20. 【答案】D

?【解析】考查情景交際。句意：–不要操勞過度，慢慢來。–謝謝。你也一樣。so what意為“那又怎么樣”；no way意為“沒門，決不”；what for意為“為什么，為何目的”；You, too. 意為“你也一樣”。根據(jù)交際用語(yǔ)答語(yǔ)的“禮貌原則”可知，題干中對(duì)方勸答話人工作不要太拼命，要慢慢來。答話人要對(duì)他人的關(guān)心表示感謝，同時(shí)也要表示自己對(duì)對(duì)方的關(guān)心，所以希望對(duì)方也這樣。故選D。

二、 完形填空

●???【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了我二十年前在紐約經(jīng)歷的一段艱難生活。起初，雖然有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)和碩士學(xué)位我卻找不到滿意的工作。一個(gè)小女孩給我的耳環(huán)改變了我的生活。從此以后，我列了一個(gè)感到滿意的50件事情清單，并不斷添加。后來我終于找到了一份高薪的工作。我知道正是因?yàn)槲腋淖兞宋业乃季S方式，我的生活才得以改變。

21. 【答案】B

?【解析】考查連詞辨析。A. 當(dāng)……時(shí)候，因?yàn)椋?/span>B. 盡管；C. 如果；D. 當(dāng)……時(shí)候。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，盡管我有碩士學(xué)位和工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，但還是不能找到滿意的工作。故選B。

22. 【答案】C

?【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A. 成功的；B. 額外的；C. 令人滿意的；D. 便利的。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知，我開校車來維持生活并且和我的一個(gè)朋友住在一起，因?yàn)槲覜]了套房。故選C。

23. 【答案】A

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. 駕駛；B. 修理；C. 帶走；D. 設(shè)計(jì)。我開校車來維持生活，并和我的一個(gè)朋友和住在一起。故選A。

24. 【答案】D

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. 工作；B. 旅游；C. 討論；D. 居住。我開校車來維持生活，并和我的一個(gè)朋友和住在一起。故選D。

25. 【答案】B

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A. 準(zhǔn)備；B. 參加；C. 要求；D. 舉行。attend the interview參加面試，根據(jù)句意可知，我參加了一個(gè)公司的面試5次，但他們說我不能得到這份工作。故選B。

26. 【答案】D

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. 失去；B. 喜歡；C. 發(fā)現(xiàn)；D. 得到。"get the job"意為“得到工作”。故選D。

27. 【答案】A

?【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A. 難的；B. 忙的；C. 嚴(yán)重，認(rèn)真的；D. 短的。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知，作者發(fā)出感慨，為什么我的生活那么艱難（hard）呢？故選A。

28. 【答案】B

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。A. 向……揮手；B. 讓……下車；C. 號(hào)召，拜訪；D. 尋找。由句意可知，當(dāng)我把車開到路邊讓那個(gè)小女孩下來的時(shí)候，小女孩遞給了我一個(gè)耳環(huán)。故選B。

29. 【答案】C

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. 定，命令；B. 許諾；C. 說；D. 展示。saying做伴隨狀語(yǔ)。由句意可知，她在地給我耳環(huán)的時(shí)候說，保管好耳環(huán)，說不定有人來認(rèn)領(lǐng)。故選C。

30. 【答案】A

?【解析】考查連詞辨析。A. 以免，以防； B. 否則；C. 好像；D. 既然。由句意可知，小女孩在遞給我耳環(huán)的同時(shí)說，我應(yīng)該保存它以免有人認(rèn)領(lǐng)。故選A。

31. 【答案】B

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. 傷害；B. 擊中，突然想到；C. 抓??；D. 移動(dòng)。"It hit me."意為：我突然想到。固定結(jié)構(gòu)。故選B。

32. 【答案】B

?【解析】考查名詞辨析。A. 感覺；B. 注意力；C. 力氣；D. 興趣。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，我把一切注意力（attention）都集中在了生活的不順上，而沒有關(guān)注好的一面。故選B。

33. 【答案】D

?【解析】考查名詞辨析。A. 意見；B. 教育；C. 經(jīng)歷；D. 生活。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，我把一切注意力（attention）都集中在了生活的不順上，而沒有關(guān)注好的一面。故選D。

34. 【答案】A

?【解析】考查名詞辨析。A. 清單；B. 書；C. 支票；D. 拷貝。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，我決定列一份我感到滿意的50件事情的清單（list）。故選A。

35. 【答案】D

?【解析】考查名詞辨析。A. 聯(lián)系；B. 轉(zhuǎn)向；變?yōu)椋?/span>C. 保持；D. 添加。由上下文語(yǔ)境可知，后來我決定向清單中添加更多的事情。故選D。

36. 【答案】C

?【解析】考查代詞辨析。A. 她；B. 一位乘客；C. 我；D. 我的朋友。a phone call for me意為：我的一個(gè)電話。那天晚上意為女士給我打了一個(gè)電話。故選C。

37. 【答案】A

?【解析】考查名詞辨析。A. 醫(yī)院；B. 工廠；C. 飯店；D. 旅館。根據(jù)后文，給200個(gè)醫(yī)療工作者作報(bào)告，可見地點(diǎn)在醫(yī)院。故選A。

38. 【答案】C

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. 聽；B. 復(fù)習(xí)；C. 給；D. 談?wù)摗?/span>"give a one-day lecture"意為“做了一天的報(bào)告”，根據(jù)句意可知，她問我是否可以做一天報(bào)告。故選C。

39. 【答案】C

?【解析】考查名詞辨析。A. 計(jì)劃；B. 選擇；C. 天；D. 旅游。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知，我那天進(jìn)展的很順利，后來得到了一份高薪的工作。故選C。

40. 【答案】D

?【解析】考查名詞辨析。A. 操作，手術(shù)；B. 講話；C. 雇傭，就業(yè)；D. 思考。由上下文語(yǔ)境可知，直到今天我才知道，正是因?yàn)槲腋淖兞宋业乃季S方式，我的生活才得以改變。故選D。

三、 閱讀理解

●???【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了天氣冷時(shí)，養(yǎng)護(hù)寵物需要注意的事項(xiàng)。

41. 【答案】D

?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Cold weather can hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people. 可知寒冷的天氣對(duì)于寵物來說是艱難的，因此可知寵物喜歡待在溫暖的環(huán)境，故選D。

42. 【答案】A

?【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段If you have to take them out, stay outside with them. When you're cold enough to go inside, they probably are too. 可知寵物的主人被要求與寵物一起待在外面是因?yàn)榭梢愿兄裁磿r(shí)候帶他們進(jìn)到屋里，故選A。

43. 【答案】A

?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Keep an eye on your pet's water. Sometimes owners don't realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet can't get anything to drink. 可知寵物被單獨(dú)留在外面可能水被凍住而沒有干凈的水喝，故選A。

44. 【答案】B

?【解析】寫作意圖題。本文向我們提供了在寒冷的天氣如何照顧寵物的實(shí)用的建議，故選B。

●???【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了帆船運(yùn)動(dòng)的一些常識(shí)，進(jìn)行帆船運(yùn)動(dòng)必須掌握風(fēng)向，風(fēng)向決定著帆船的運(yùn)動(dòng)速度。后文分別就順風(fēng)行駛、側(cè)風(fēng)行駛和逆風(fēng)行駛進(jìn)行了闡述。

45. 【答案】C

?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的First, you must ask yourself, "Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?"可知，風(fēng)向是決定帆船最重要因素。故選C。

46. 【答案】C

?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中的"you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45 angle to the boat. Itneeds to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn't flap (擺動(dòng))."可知，it指代the sail。g故選C。

47. 【答案】D

?【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的"It is possible, but you can't go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction and then in another. This is called tacking."可知。tack the boat意為：改變船航向。故選D。

48. 【答案】A

?【解析】推理判斷題。帆船運(yùn)動(dòng)是普通的一種體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，因此，本文很可能從流行雜志中節(jié)選。故選A。

●???【分析】本文屬于說明文閱讀，開篇向我們介紹了不同國(guó)家微笑所代表的意義，微笑可以隱藏人們的真實(shí)情緒，而后文則介紹了面部表情所表達(dá)給我們的意義，不同的文化差異可能使我們的表情被誤解。

49. 【答案】C

?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段For example, in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure.可知在美國(guó)微笑是用來表示愉快的，故選C。

50. 【答案】B

?【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段結(jié)尾In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile. 可知在越南人們可以帶著微笑講述一個(gè)悲傷的故事，說明微笑可以用來隱藏真實(shí)的情緒，故選B。

51. 【答案】B

?【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressiveness permitted. 可知不同文化背景的人的面部表情存在文化差異，因此在閱讀人之前應(yīng)該了解他們的文化背景，故選B。

52. 【答案】C

?【解析】標(biāo)題概括題。本文主要向我們講述了不同文化背景的人的面部表情所表現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容，故選C。

●???【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章講述了埃塞爾比亞的古老化石去美國(guó)展出的事件安排。

53. 【答案】D

?【解析】推理判斷題。這是一篇新聞報(bào)道，新聞報(bào)道的目的顯然是報(bào)道事實(shí)，讓大眾知曉。這篇報(bào)道的目的就是：報(bào)道埃塞爾比亞的古老化石去美國(guó)展出的事件。故選D。

54. 【答案】C

?【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知：the Lucy is a replica，而the Lucy又是skeleton，所以a replica的意思是：A copy of the skeleton. 故選C。

55. 【答案】B

?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中的the tour will start in Houston next September. 和 The six-year tour will also go to Washington, New York, Denver and Chicago. 可知是5個(gè)城市。故選B。

56. 【答案】B

?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中的"Lucy, her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of her discovery."可知，名字來源于一首歌。故選B。

●???【分析】本文是一篇科學(xué)調(diào)查報(bào)告，屬于說明文。斯坦福大學(xué)教授Dweck經(jīng)過40年的調(diào)查研究認(rèn)為人們對(duì)待失敗有兩種不同的思維模式，這兩種思維模式對(duì)我們?nèi)绾螌?duì)待失敗有很大的影響。第一種是有固定思維模式的人，他們認(rèn)為才能是天生的，成功不需要努力而失敗是恥辱。他們逃避未來的困難。第二種是具有成長(zhǎng)思維模式的人，他們認(rèn)為才能不是天生的，努力和學(xué)習(xí)使一切成為可能。向失敗學(xué)習(xí)并把它看作成長(zhǎng)的經(jīng)歷。

57. 【答案】D

?【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的professor Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them "the overpraised generation."可知，他們被表?yè)P(yáng)的太多了。故選D。

58. 【答案】A

?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的"The fixed mind-set believes it's sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame."可知，他相信成功但不想付出努力。故選A。

59. 【答案】D

?【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的"the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rather than shame. When faced with a difficulty, it's quick to rethink, change and try again. In fact, it enjoys this experience."可知，故選D。

60. 【答案】A

?【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的最后一句"But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure."可知，故選A。

四、 對(duì)話型七選五閱讀

●???【分析】本文是一篇對(duì)話。主要是圍繞“父女之間為了買手機(jī)”而展開的。

61. 【答案】A

?【解析】女兒?jiǎn)柛赣H他是否愛她，父親當(dāng)然愛自己的女兒，哪有父親不愛自己的孩子的。所以父親對(duì)女兒的這句話表示質(zhì)疑，所以問：Ah…what's on your mind? 故選A。

62. 【答案】C

?【解析】女兒說：這兒有免費(fèi)的手機(jī)。父親的經(jīng)驗(yàn)是哪有免費(fèi)的東西。所以說：Free? Nothing's ever free. 故選C。

63. 【答案】E

?【解析】根據(jù)下文女兒的答語(yǔ) "All my friends have one." 可知，父親問了：你究竟為什么要手機(jī)？故選E。

64. 【答案】F

?【解析】根據(jù)下文女兒的話語(yǔ) "the monthly charge for this service is only＄29.99" 可知，上文應(yīng)該談手機(jī)費(fèi)的問題。故選F。

65. 【答案】B

?【解析】根據(jù)上下文可知，他們談的是車的問題，又根據(jù)下文 "The new car you'll need to buy" 可知，父親要買新車。故選B。

五、 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示填空拼寫

66. 【答案】foreign；

?【解析】句意為：你會(huì)說外國(guó)的語(yǔ)言嗎？foreign意為“外國(guó)的，外交的； 外來的”，是形容詞。foreign language意為“外語(yǔ)”。故填foreign。

67. 【答案】pride；

?【解析】句意：Rebecca是她家人的驕傲。根據(jù)空前面的the可知本空應(yīng)該用名詞形式，故填pride。

68. 【答案】interrupting；

?【解析】句意：當(dāng)我說話時(shí)，你能停止打斷我嗎？本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的固定搭配stop doing sth.停止正在做的事，而stop to do sth.表示停下來去做另一件事，故填interrupting。

69. 【答案】nationality；

?【解析】句意為：David Beckham是英國(guó)國(guó)籍。nationality意為“國(guó)籍； 民族性； 國(guó)家； 部落”，是可數(shù)名詞，由于空格后面的系動(dòng)詞是is，所以用單數(shù)形式。故填nationality。

70. 【答案】modern；

?【解析】句意為：意大利的現(xiàn)代史可以追溯到1860年。modern意為“現(xiàn)代的，現(xiàn)代化的”，是形容詞，修飾后面的名詞。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該用原級(jí)。故填modern。

71. 【答案】nephew；

?【解析】句意為：Bob的侄子是哈佛大學(xué)的一位新生。nephew意思是“侄子； 外甥； 侄兒”，是可數(shù)名詞，本句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是is，所以主語(yǔ)需要用單數(shù)形式。故填nephew。

72. 【答案】refused；

?【解析】句意為：Alice想要借Jack的電腦，但是Jack拒絕了。refuse意為“拒絕”，是動(dòng)詞，前半句用的是過去時(shí)態(tài)，后面Jack拒絕也是發(fā)生在過去，所以用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。故填refused。

73. 【答案】bookshelves或bookcases；

?【解析】句意為：她的書架里裝滿了書和照片。bookshelves/bookcases，書架可以用bookshelf或bookcase表達(dá)，空格后的系動(dòng)詞是are，所以主語(yǔ)需要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填bookshelves或bookcases。

74. 【答案】whispering；

?【解析】句意：你們這些女孩正在嘀咕什么？根據(jù)句意：你們這些女孩正在嘀咕什么？說明正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故填whispering。

75. 【答案】cough；

?【解析】句意為：能不咳，就不咳（咳嗽不能超過自己的忍受程度）。本句開頭是Don't，可知該句是否定的祈使句，后面應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞原形。cough意思是“咳嗽”，可以是名詞，也可以是動(dòng)詞，該句中所填的是動(dòng)詞形式，故填cough。

六、 短文改錯(cuò)

●???【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，圍繞“節(jié)約用水”這一主題從“水資源的現(xiàn)狀”到“處理問題的辦法”進(jìn)行了敘述。

76. 【答案】在opinion前加my。

?【解析】考查物主代詞。可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)不能單獨(dú)使用，根據(jù)句意應(yīng)該是我的觀點(diǎn)，故在opinion前加my。

77. 【答案】animal改成animals。

?【解析】考查名詞的數(shù)。animal是可數(shù)名詞，故將animal改成animals。

78. 【答案】or改成nor。

?【解析】考查固定搭配。neither…nor是固定搭配，故將or改成nor。

79. 【答案】seemed改成seems。

?【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。整篇文章采用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，用seemed與整篇文章時(shí)態(tài)不符，故將seemed改成seems。

80. 【答案】we改成they。

?【解析】考查代詞。該句子的主語(yǔ)是many countries前后主語(yǔ)要一致，故將we改成they。

81. 【答案】a改成the|||this|||that。

?【解析】考查冠詞。在前面已經(jīng)提到了problem，所以此時(shí)要特指，故將a改成the或this或that。

82. 【答案】though改成because|||since|||as。

?【解析】考查連詞。though是雖然的意思，所以用though與該題不符，此處應(yīng)該表原因，故將though改成because或since或as。

83. 【答案】正確

?【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。水是主動(dòng)地流動(dòng)，故用running。

84. 【答案】using改成used。

?【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。用used修飾water表示被用過的水，using是主動(dòng)形式，故將using改成used。

85. 【答案】刪掉for。

?【解析】考查介詞。which在該句中引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，water作為先行詞，for不起作用，故刪掉for。

七、 書面表達(dá)

86. 【答案】Hi, Susan,

We're throwing a surprise party for Xiaoming's birthday. We'd like to invite you to the party. We want to give him a surprise, so please keep quiet about it. We'll gather at the Students' Club at 8 p. m. this Friday, after the evening classes. ?And it's going to last about an hour. We each will prepare a little present. When he comes, we'll light the candles and sing "Happy Birthday" together for him. Then the cake will be cut and we'll sing songs and play games. It'll be nice to see how excited he will be. I'm sure you'll have a good time at the party, too.

Yours,

Li Hua

?【解析】本文是應(yīng)用文，根據(jù)所給要點(diǎn)寫一封信，邀請(qǐng)外教Susan參加我班為小明舉辦的生日聚會(huì)，主要要點(diǎn)：（1）時(shí)間：周五晚8點(diǎn)至9點(diǎn)（2）地點(diǎn)：學(xué)生俱樂部（3）內(nèi)容：生日歌、蛋糕、游戲等（4）要求：備小禮物。屬提綱作文。在寫作時(shí)人稱以第一人稱為主。時(shí)態(tài)以一般將來時(shí)為主。

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