[山西2015第四次診斷]To improve my grades,I paid more attention for the teachers' talking in class.
【答案】for→to
【解析】pay attention to意為“注意”，為固定搭配。
19.(2019新疆烏魯木齊二診）He is strict about us.
【答案】about→with
【解析】句意：他對(duì)我們嚴(yán)格要求。be strict with sb.對(duì)某人要求嚴(yán)格；be strict about sth.對(duì)某事要求嚴(yán)格。
20.(2019甘肅蘭州二診）Last Monday morning,I was cycling along a street in the rush hour on my way an interview for an important job.
【答案】way
【解析】后加 to on one's way to...在某人去往……的路上，interview為名詞，故需要加介詞to。
21..[河南洛陽(yáng)2016一模]Thank you for sending to me the Schedule for Summer English Courses.
【答案】刪除to
【解析】 send意為“發(fā)送，發(fā)出（信息、電子信號(hào)等）”，為及物動(dòng)詞，其后直接接賓語(yǔ)，因此to多余。
22.A famous opera will be performed at the Sichuan Opera House at 2 p.m. in May Day.
【答案】in改為on
【解析】表示時(shí)間且具體到”在某一天”時(shí)要用介詞on。
23. Mr. Li is my head teacher. He is now in his thirties and has been teaching in almost ten years.
【答案】把almost前的in改為for
【解析】根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)境可知，該處應(yīng)用“for+一段時(shí)間"。"in+一段時(shí)間”表示以說(shuō)話時(shí)為起點(diǎn)的一段時(shí)間之后，與一般將來(lái)時(shí)連用。
24..For doing physical exercise, I'm becoming stronger and more confident than before.
【答案】For改為By
【解析】for作介詞時(shí)表示原因，by表示方式、方法，此處表示”通過(guò)鍛煉身體”這一方式，故可知應(yīng)將For改為By。
25.. One day, she asked me to help her of volunteering.
【答案】將of改為with
【解析】 help的用法為help sb.do sth.和help sb.with sth.,空后為動(dòng)名詞volunteering,故將of改為with。
26.. When we were seated, Tony's mother put various foods which were unfamiliar with me onto the plates.
【答案】with改為to
【解析】 be familiar/unfamiliar to sb.意為"為某人所熟悉/不熟悉"。
27.. For his opinion, actors should go on even when they feel they have made mistakes in their performances because the moment is already gone and people can never be back to it.
【答案】For改為In
【解析】 in one's opinion為固定搭配，意為"在某人看來(lái)"。
28..Therefore,I couldn't be absorbed in study, resulting from my failing in the examination.
【答案】from改為in
【解析】句意：因此我無(wú)法集中注意力學(xué)習(xí)，導(dǎo)致我在考試中失敗。result in 意為“導(dǎo)致”；result from意為"因?yàn)?，由?/span>"。
29..A teacher is always believed to be one of the greatest occupations, because teachers make great contributions for the world.
【答案】for改為to
【解析】 make contributions to...為固定搭配，意為"為……做貢獻(xiàn)”。
30.. Last term, I went to America for a student exchange programme. Before going, I was quite proud in my English.
【答案】in改為of
【解析】 be proud of意為"為……而自豪”，為固定搭配。
31. All these years, they have been living a normal life. But they are sick the life.
【答案】在sick后面加of
【解析】be sick of為固定搭配，意為"厭惡，厭倦"。
32. Don't undervalue the role we can play with. Do remember we can make a difference! Take action right now!
【答案】去掉with
【解析】此處表示不要低估了我們所能發(fā)揮的作用。play a role為固定搭配，表示"起某種作用",不與with搭配。固定短語(yǔ) play with...表示"和……一起玩，玩……”。
33. According my personal experience, keeping a diary every day is a good way to achieve the aim .
【答案】在According后面加to
【解析】according to是固定搭配，意為“根據(jù)”。
34. To her surprise, Li Ping found the old man was waiting her. Li Ping felt really ashamed when the old man returned the shoes to her.
【答案】在waiting后面加for
【解析】wait是不及物動(dòng)詞，后面要接介詞，才能跟賓語(yǔ)，wait for sb.表示“等某人”。
考點(diǎn)小結(jié) 英語(yǔ)中有很多不及物動(dòng)詞翻譯為漢語(yǔ)卻是及物動(dòng)詞，在漢語(yǔ)中要直接跟賓語(yǔ)，但在英語(yǔ)中需要跟一個(gè)介詞，才能接賓語(yǔ)，如look at看；listen to聽(tīng)；arrive at/in到達(dá)；appeal to呼吁；refer to參考；rely on/upon依靠；depend on/upon取決于，依賴(lài)于；reply to 回答。
35.There are many kinds of activities for us to take part.
【答案】在part后面加in
【解析】take part in是固定搭配，意為"參加"
考點(diǎn)小結(jié)“動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)如果置于句尾，考生由于受到漢語(yǔ)思
維的影響，易漏掉結(jié)尾的介詞。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)還有：make use of 利用；pay attention to 注意；take care of 照看，照顧；take notice of注意；make notes of 記錄；take advantage of 利用；take pride in...因……而自豪；set foot on踏上。
36. More interestingly, I tried operating on some aircraft by myself. During the visit, I took lots of pictures as well.
【答案】去掉on
【解析】operate為及物動(dòng)詞，在該處意為”操作”，后面直接跟賓語(yǔ)，故去掉介詞on。此處表示我親自嘗試操作了一些飛行器。易混短語(yǔ)：operate on sb. for sth."因事給某人動(dòng)手術(shù)”。
37. In the end, I managed to reach on the top of the mountain.
【答案】去掉on
【解析】reach在此處是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“到達(dá)”，后面直接跟賓語(yǔ)，不需要加介詞。
考點(diǎn)小結(jié) 由于受到漢語(yǔ)思維的影響，考生容易忽略一些及物動(dòng)詞后面多加的介詞。這類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤通常有：offer sb. sth ."給某人提供某物”，在此用法中offer后不加to; serve the people"為人民服務(wù)",serve后不加for; approach sb."靠近某人",approach后不加to。
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短文填空
Dear fellow students,
With the popularity of cellphones and the Internet, some of us students spend too much time play with cellphones or computer games, which are bad for our studies. Worse still, we had little time communicate with our parents and friends. So do we have time for physical exercise.
What shall we do it to improve the situation? All of us shouldn't realize the negative effects of modern media. Let's limit your time of playing with cellphones or computer games. Instead we should spend less time playing sports or talking with our parents and friends , who helps us relax and communicate .
That's all. Thank you!
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【答案】
第一處：play→playing spend some time/money(in)doing sth.意為“花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢(qián)做某事”，為固定搭配。
第二處：are→is which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是前面整件事情，故從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。
第三處：had→have根據(jù)上下文可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故將had改為have。
第四處：在time后加to表示“沒(méi)有時(shí)間做某事”需用have little time to do sth.,have在此為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。have如果作使役動(dòng)詞，則用have sb. do sth.的結(jié)構(gòu)。
第五處：So→Neitherr 句意為：更為糟糕的是，我們幾乎沒(méi)有時(shí)間與父母和朋友溝通。我們也沒(méi)有時(shí)間鍛煉身體。表示后者的情況與前者一樣時(shí)，肯定句用so,否定句用neither或nor加倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。
第六處：刪除it what引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句，并在句中充當(dāng)do的賓語(yǔ)，表示'我們應(yīng)該做的事情”。故it多余。
第七處：shouldn't→should句意為：我們所有人都應(yīng)該意識(shí)到現(xiàn)代媒體的消極影響。根據(jù)上下文可知，作者是建議我們認(rèn)清楚現(xiàn)代媒體的消極作用，應(yīng)是肯定句，所以將shouldn't改為should。第八處：your→our根據(jù)本段第一句“我們應(yīng)該做什么來(lái)改善這種狀況？”可知應(yīng)用our。
第九處：less→more此處表示“我們應(yīng)該花更多的時(shí)間進(jìn)行體育運(yùn)動(dòng)”，而非更少的時(shí)間，故將less改為more。
第十處：who→which 逗號(hào)后為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是前面整件事情，故不能用who引導(dǎo)。
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二、
Yesterday was my the 18th birthday. As Father and Mother thought it was a big occasion for me, they suggested I held a birthday party at home to celebrate it. For several days they had been busy preparing it. By 4 o'clock I was pleased to see all my friend had come. Mother cooked us a big meal.We ate and talked happy. The most excited moment was when Mother put a big birthday cake on the table and all present began to sing Happy Birthday. Seeing the 18 candles burnt, I couldn't keep back her tears. Mother asked me to make a wish after I blew out all the candles. After which,everyone enjoyed the sweet birthday cake and shared my happiness.
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【答案】
第一處：刪除the序數(shù)詞前有形容詞性物主代詞時(shí)，其前不需要再加冠詞。表達(dá)“某人……歲生日”用“one's+序數(shù)詞+birthday"。
第二處：held→hold suggest意為“建議”，后面接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即“should do sth.”結(jié)構(gòu)，should可以省略。
第三處：在 preparing 后加 for prepare for...為固定搭配，意為“為……作準(zhǔn)備”。
第四處：friend→friends根據(jù)全文語(yǔ)境及前面的all可知，參加生日聚會(huì)的朋友不止一個(gè)，故此處應(yīng)用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。
第五處：happy→happily 修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞ate和talked應(yīng)用副詞。
第六處：excited→exciting 此處表示“令人激動(dòng)的時(shí)刻”，應(yīng)用exciting,意為“令人興奮的”。excited意為“感到興奮的”，一般用于修飾人。
第七處：burnt→burning 此處為“see+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，candles與burn之間為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
第八處：her→my句意為：看著18根燃燒的蠟燭，我忍不住掉下眼淚。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)指“我”的眼淚。
第九處：after→before句意為：在我吹滅所有蠟燭之前，媽媽讓我許個(gè)愿。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知此處指的應(yīng)是在吹蠟燭之前許愿，故將after改為before。
第十處：which→that 此句指代的是一個(gè)完整的句子而非定語(yǔ)從句。that可作代詞，指代上文的全部或部分內(nèi)容，但which不可以。
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