高考英語(yǔ)必考點(diǎn)：考點(diǎn)妙解 動(dòng)詞
本類考題解答錦囊
????1．看句子結(jié)構(gòu)。英語(yǔ)中每個(gè)句子都有謂語(yǔ)，且由動(dòng)詞來(lái)?yè)?dān)任，所以不能沒(méi)有謂語(yǔ)或把其他詞看作動(dòng)詞用作謂語(yǔ)，也不能把動(dòng)詞看為其它詞。
????2．時(shí)態(tài)。特別要注意動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式，及過(guò)去分詞的拼寫(xiě)。
????3．語(yǔ)態(tài)，英語(yǔ)中有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不及物動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(takeplace， happen，Occur，beakout，breakfOnh，fall，rise，die，lie，appear為常見(jiàn)的不及物動(dòng)詞)。
????4．一致。包括與前面人稱和數(shù)的一致及
幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞的結(jié)構(gòu)一致。
????5．正確運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。
????6．不能錯(cuò)用動(dòng)詞。(如根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系將這個(gè)動(dòng)詞改為它的反義詞，go，arrive, open，borrow，take,sell依次改為come，1eave，close，lend／return，bring／bing,buy)。
7．注意固定搭配。 ???
Ⅰ ?高考最新熱門題
1. (NMET 20典型例題sure they'll laugh to me to do things as well as them.
命題目的與解題技巧：此題考查動(dòng)詞的用法。動(dòng)詞的考點(diǎn)主要涉及動(dòng)詞的意詞，動(dòng)詞的詞性，搭配，動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)或短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主謂一致，動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等。動(dòng)詞的用法靈活，不易掌握，在做此類題時(shí)，首先要研讀題先找出信息詞，理順句意，再做判斷。
??【答案】 ?to→at．laugh at sb“嘲笑某人”，固定搭配。
2.(NMET 20典型例題Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class.
答案：talked→talk根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容可判斷出要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
3.(NMET 20典型例題ut his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports.
答案：go→going．此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)going to colledge作主語(yǔ)，與playing spor
ts對(duì)比并且要結(jié)構(gòu)形式相同。
Ⅲ ?題點(diǎn)經(jīng)典類型題
1.(20典型例題)when I spoke to them, they often stare ?at my mouth.
【答案】 spoke→speak. 根據(jù)文章意思及時(shí)態(tài)一致原則，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
2.(20典型例題合診斷) Instend of ?helping him standing up, Li Ping shouted at the old man angnily.
答案：standing→stand. help sb do sth幫助某人做某事。
3.(20典型例題)Around the world more and more people are taken part in dangenous sports and activities.
答案：taken→taking．根據(jù)文章，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
4.(20典型例題模擬)Look back at my childhood experience, I think that three reasons might erplain the fear.
答案：Look→Looking．現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)用于獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。
Ⅲ ?新高考命題探究 ????
1.動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)
(1)The film began before I arrived.
答案：began改為had begum過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示過(guò)去某一點(diǎn)之前已完成的動(dòng)作。
(2) We never visited the Great Wall.
答案：never前加have．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，have never．done sth．表示到目前為止從來(lái)沒(méi)干某事
(3) His brother has joined in the.army for three years.
答案：joined改為been．join為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，不與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。
(4) Hurry up! We must get there before the sun set.
答案：set改為sets．before引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從時(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。
(5) Her grandmother has been died for t
wenty years.
答案：died改為dead．die是一個(gè)瞬間性動(dòng)詞。不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。
(6) I shall let her know it as soon as I sha
ll meet her.
答案：將第二個(gè)shall去掉。as soon as引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。(7) I don't think Jim saw me; he is just staring into the sky.
答案：is改為was．當(dāng)時(shí)正在干某事，用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
(8) You do say that you would lend me some money yesterday.
答案：do改為did．yesterday，說(shuō)明用過(guò)去式。
(9) The price has gone down, but I doubt whether it remain so.
答案：it后加will．根據(jù)句意：價(jià)格已經(jīng)降下來(lái)了，但我懷疑它能否將保持目前這個(gè)樣子。whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。
(10) The building which is now built near my school will be a well-equipped hospital.
答案：now后加being．is being built，正在被建設(shè)中的。
2.動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài) ??
(1)The price has brought down a lot.
答案：has后加been．bring down為及物動(dòng)詞；意為“使……降下來(lái)”。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
(2) This question must worked out at once.
答案：must后加be此處需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
(3) The Second World War was broke out in 1939.
答案：去掉was．break out是不及物動(dòng)詞，無(wú)被動(dòng)形式。
(4) I need one more stamp before my collection completed.
答案：completed改為is completed．根據(jù)句意。before從句應(yīng)用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。
(5) Clenaing women in big cities usually get pay by the hour. ?????????????????????????????
答案：pay改為paid．getpaid意為“獲得報(bào)酬”。
(6) Look! The dogs?are trained to help the blind to cross road.
答案：are后加being．a(chǎn)rebeingtrained，正被訓(xùn)練。
(7) We are hoping that a concert will held soon at which the works of Liszt will play.
答案：will后加be.will be held將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。
(8) In order to prevent the fire from spreading , some of the houses nearby had pulled down before the firemen arrived.
答案：had后加been．had been pulled down，被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
(9) It was obvious that the man had been driving o
n the free way for almost an hour when he told that he had to come back.
答案：第一個(gè)be后加was．根據(jù)句意，when引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
(10) I lost and had to ask a policeman the way.
答案：I后加was或got．be／getlost意為“迷路”。
3.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
(1) It is time harvest wheat.
答案：time后加to．It'stimetodosth．是干某事的時(shí)候了。
(2) Please tell me how work it out.
答案：how后加to．how+不定式作賓語(yǔ)。
(3) I'm thirsty. Get me something to drinking.
答案：drinking改為drink不定式作定語(yǔ)。
(4) She was made feed two chidren and do some cleaning.
答案：made后力Dto．makesb．dosth．被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)為bemadetodo．
(5) That book is worth read twice.
答案：read改為reading．be worth doing為固定搭配，“值得干……”
(6) I'm looking forward to see you soon.
答案：see改為seeing．1ook for ward to中to為介詞，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。
(7) Her father escaped killed in the war.
答案：escaped后加being。escape后跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞，表示逃脫、逃避，比如exepe punishment／being punished逃避懲罰。
(8) Our English teacher enjoys listen to music.
答案：listen改為listening．enjoydoing"喜歡干某事”，某些動(dòng)詞后習(xí)慣跟v—ing作賓語(yǔ)。
(9) My grandfather has been used to live quietly in the country.
答案：live改為living．beused to doing固定用法，意為“習(xí)慣了干某事”。
(10) He saw the chidren play under the tree when he came back from work
答案：play改為playing．see sb.doing sth．為“看見(jiàn)某人正在干某事?！?/span>
(11) The room is drity. It needs cleaned.
答案：cleaned改為cleaning．need／want／require表示“需要”之意時(shí)，后跟v—ing．
(12) I heard her singing there last night.
答案：singing改為sing．hear sb.do sth．“聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人干了某事”，指干某事從頭至尾的過(guò)程。
(13) Losing in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
答案：Losing改為L(zhǎng)ost．1ist im thought過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。
(14) He tried to make himself understand in English.
答案：understand改為understood．make one self+過(guò)去分詞，分詞與oneself之間是被動(dòng)的關(guān)系。
(15) Who is the woman talk with our teacher over there?
答案：talk改為talking．v—ing分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句：that is talking with．．．
(16) The teacher came in, followed a group of students.
答案：followed改為following．認(rèn)v—ing分詞作方式狀語(yǔ)，分詞動(dòng)作與主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)的關(guān)系?；騠ollowed后加by．v-ed分詞與主語(yǔ)之間的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。
(17) Our teacher asked us not be late for class again.
答案：not后加to．a(chǎn)sksb．not to do sth．要求某人不要干某事。
(18) You will soon notice that they have formed a group making up of doctors and lawyers.
答案：making改為made．make up of．．．過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)， 與被修飾詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。
(19) Seated himself in a chair, Mr. Crossett began to look through the evening paper and suddenly he heard a knock at the door.
答案：Seated改Seating．seat為及物動(dòng)詞，認(rèn)—ing與主句主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，表伴隨狀況；可將himself去掉。v．—ed分詞說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。
(20) I remained puzzling long after I had been told the story.
答案：puzzling改為puzzled．remain為系動(dòng)詞，表示“人感到……”，用-ed形容詞作表語(yǔ)。
4.虛擬語(yǔ)氣 ??????
(1) How I wish I am you.
答案：am改為were．wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式表示與目前事實(shí)相反的一個(gè)愿望，be的過(guò)去式were．
(2) I wish I have gone to the party last night.
答案：have改為had．wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用"had+過(guò)去分詞”表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的一個(gè)愿望。
(3) The teacher ordered the classroom swept.
答案：classroom后加be．order后的賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)為：(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。
(4) My suggestion is that we will discuss it another day.
答案：will改為should或?qū)ill去掉。suggestion，proposal，plan，idea，order，request，advice作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后面的賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成為：(should)+v．
(5) The workers on strike demanded that their wages increased.
答案：increased前加be．(should)beincreased表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣，用于動(dòng)詞demand之后的賓語(yǔ)從句中。
(6) If he is here, we would know bow to do it.
答案：is改為were．虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于條件句，與目前事實(shí)相反的一個(gè)假設(shè)，if從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，be的過(guò)去式用were。
(7) The teacher insisted that her students did their homework alone.
答案：did改為do．(should)do表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣，用于insist后的賓語(yǔ)從句中。
(8) The woman talks as if she knows everything.
答案：knows改為knew．a(chǎn)s汀引導(dǎo)的句子多用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示與目前事實(shí)相反?！?/span>
(9) Have he had the time,he would have done it.
答案：Have改為Had．省略if的條件從句，原句為If he had had the time，表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反。
(10) Without electricity human life will be quite different ?today.
答案：will改為would／should／might．without短語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，上下句間構(gòu)成了一個(gè)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的一種假設(shè)；主句謂語(yǔ)：would／should／might+v．
5.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
(1)He will be back soon. You can't worry.
答案：high改為tall．形容細(xì)而高的東西用形容詞tall．
(2) I got lost and must ask a policeman the way.
答案：health改為healthy．healthy，形容詞作表語(yǔ)。
(3) --Must I finish the work before I go home?
--No, you mustfft.
答案：many改為large．形容人口眾多，用形容詞large．
(4) Since the ground was wet this morning, it must rained last night.
答案：must后加have．must have done是對(duì)過(guò)去一個(gè)動(dòng)作肯定的判斷。
(5) I didfft need get up early this morning, so I stayed in ?bed until 9.
答案：need后加to根據(jù)didn't來(lái)判斷，need為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，后接不定式。
(6) Look at that thin man. He mustn't be Mr. Black, for Mr. Black is fat.
答案：mustn't改為can't否定的判斷“不可能”用can't．
(7) After meal,he should checked the bill.
答案：去掉should．表示陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)；或should后加have，should+have done表示“本應(yīng)該干某事而沒(méi)干”
(8) When Galileo told people of his discovery, no one should believe him.
答案：should改為would．would可以表示“愿意”。
(9) Would we go? Yes ,let's.
答案：would改為shall．shall用于一、三人稱，表示請(qǐng)求對(duì)方允許或提出建議。would用于第二人稱，Would you do．．．?
(10) How dares he speak to his mother like that?
答案：?dares改為dare dare用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，無(wú)dares形式。
6.主謂一致
(1) Half of t
he apples is bad.
答案：is改為are．謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與half of后的名詞保持一致?；?qū)pples改為apple．
(2) Either Bob or I are to blame.
答案：are改為am．either．．．or．．，neither．．．nor．．．，not only．．．but also．．．等連接兩個(gè)并列的主語(yǔ)，采用就近原則。
(3) Three feet are not long enough.
答案：are改為is．一段距離，一段時(shí)間，一筆錢等，都當(dāng)作單數(shù)看待。
(4) Nothing but trees were to be seen.
答案：were改為was．nothing作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。
(5) The rest of the water are not enough.
答案：are改為is．therest作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于of后的名詞。
(6) He as well as I are a student of English.
答案：are改為is．主語(yǔ)為He，主語(yǔ)后的介詞短語(yǔ)with．．．，together with．．．，as well as．．．等不能改變主語(yǔ)的數(shù)。
(7) Doing morning exercises are good to us.
答案：are改為is．認(rèn)—ing，t。d。等形式作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
(8) Each soldier and each sailor were given a gun.
答案：were改為was．each．．．a(chǎn)nd each．．．，every．．．a(chǎn)nd every．．．作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
(9) The old is taken good care of in our country.
答案：is改為are．“the+形容詞”表示一類，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
(10) What interests me most is better wages and working conditions.
答案：is改為are．what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)習(xí)慣上用單數(shù)，若表語(yǔ)為表示復(fù)數(shù)意義的名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。
?
?????????
?
?
?
?
獲得更多試題及答案，歡迎聯(lián)系微信公眾號(hào)：ygjjcom
