Unit?1 Body language
詞匯講解：
1．glance V．瞥一眼；匆匆看一眼?glance at
She glanced at the watch and hurried to the office．她匆匆看了一下手表就匆忙地趕去辦公室。
【拓展】：n．一瞥；掃視 ??
at a glance一眼就…
He saw at a glance that she had been crying．他一眼就看出來她哭過了。
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2．senior adj．年長的；級(jí)別高的
be senior to比…年長(級(jí)別或地位高)
She is three years senior to me．她比我大三歲。
【拓展】：n．較年長者；<美>(中學(xué))最高年級(jí)的學(xué)生
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3．prefer V．寧可；更喜歡
prefer A to B喜歡A勝過喜歡B ?
prefer tea to coffee．比起喝咖啡，我更喜歡喝茶。
prefer doing A to doing?B比起做B來更喜歡做A
I prefer playing basketball to watching TV．比起看電視，我更喜歡打籃球。
prefer to do A rather than do B寧愿……而不…
He prefers to rent a car rather than buy one．他寧愿租一輛車也不愿意買一輛。
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4．communicate V．交流；溝通
communicate with與……交流 ???
communicate to傳達(dá)；傳遞
Anyone that knows anything about the crime is required to communicate with the police．任何知情人都被要求和警方聯(lián)系。
The stove communicates heat to every corner in the room．爐子將熱量傳遞到房間里的每一個(gè)角落。
【拓展】：
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communication n. 傳達(dá)；傳遞
?Sometimes proper body language is an effective means of communication.
有時(shí)候，適當(dāng)?shù)闹w語言是一種有效的交流方式。
②?communications n. 通訊
?They are planning to establish wireless communications with us.
他們正計(jì)劃與我們建立無線通訊。
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5. impression n. ?印象
give/make/leave a ... impression on somebody ?給某人留下…的印象
The modern city left a good impression on the tourists.
這座現(xiàn)代化的城市給游客們留下了美好的印象。
【拓展】：
impress v. 給…極深的印象
impress somebody with something ?用…給某人留下深刻的印象
impress something on somebody ?使意識(shí)到（重要性或嚴(yán)重性）
impress on somebody something ?使某人牢記…
The girl impressed me with her kindness. 這個(gè)女孩的和善給我留下了深刻的印象。
The English teacher impressed on the students the importance of practising speaking English every day. 老師使學(xué)生們牢記每天操練英語口語的重要性。
impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的；令人難忘的
The royal wedding was very impressive. 這次皇家婚禮給人們留下了深刻的印象。
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6.remind v. 提醒；使…想起
remind somebody of something ?使…想起
The children playing in the park reminded the old man of his happy childhood.
公園里嬉戲的孩子讓老人們想起來自己歡樂的童年。
【拓展】：
remind somebody to do something??提醒某人做某事
remind somebody that ?…提醒某人…
? ?Please remind me to take medicine tomorrow morning. 明早請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐页运帯?/span>
? ?The sight of the clock reminded me that I had been late for the meeting. 一看到鐘，我就意識(shí)到開會(huì)遲到了。
More Reading
1、contact ?n. 接觸，聯(lián)系
【常見搭配】
??Keep in contact with ??與。。。保持聯(lián)系
??make contact with與……取得聯(lián)系
??lose contact with與……失去聯(lián)系
??·My father still kept in contact with some of his classmates from university。父親和他大學(xué)里的一些同學(xué)仍然保持著聯(lián)系。??
??·She Succeeded in making contact with her uncle．n France after twenty years。二十年后，她成功地和在法國的舅舅取得了聯(lián)系。
??·Because of the war，the old woman lost contact with her family．由于戰(zhàn)爭，這位老婦人和她的家人失去了聯(lián)系。
??【拓展】
??①V．接觸；聯(lián)系；聯(lián)絡(luò)
??·He promised to contact me later．他答應(yīng)以后會(huì)和我聯(lián)系。
??②contact lenses隱形眼鏡
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2、maintain V．保持；維持
??·The politician behaves very carefully to maintain his good reputation．這位政客行為舉止非常小心，就是為了維護(hù)自己的好名聲。
??【拓展】
??①V．維修；保養(yǎng)
??·The highways are maintained very well．這些高速公路維護(hù)保養(yǎng)得非常好。
??②maintenance n．維持；維護(hù)；保養(yǎng)；生活費(fèi)
??·The second-hand car is still in good maintenance．這輛二手車依然保養(yǎng)得很好。
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3、consider V．認(rèn)為；把……看作
??【常用搭配】
??consider．．．(as／to be)…認(rèn)為…是……；把…看作是……
??·You are considered as my best friend．我把你看作是我最好的朋友。
??·People consider Paris(to be)the heart of France．人們把巴黎看作是法國的心臟。
??【拓展】
??①V．考慮????
??【必背】
??consider doing something考慮做某事
??·She is considering going abroad for further study．她正在考慮出國進(jìn)修。
??②?consideration ?n．考慮
????take…into consideration考慮到…… ???
??·To solve this problem，we must take all these factors into consideration．為了解決這個(gè)問題，我們必須考慮到所有因素。
??③considerate adj．替別人著想的；體貼的
??④considerable adj．相當(dāng)大的；相當(dāng)多的
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4、1ack of缺少
??·The flowers died for lack of water．由于缺水，這些花都枯死了。
【拓展】lack
??①v．缺乏；不足；沒有
??【常用搭配】
??lack in缺乏(某種品質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)) ???
??·She was lacking in courage．她缺乏勇氣。
??②?n．缺乏；不足；沒有
??·It is said that a lack of sleep can lead to brainpower failure．據(jù)說，缺乏睡眠可能導(dǎo)致腦力衰退。????
5、concentration n．專心；專注
??·Martin listened to the．teacher with concentration．馬丁聚精會(huì)神地聽老師講解。
??【拓展】
??concentrate v．集中????
??【常用搭配】????
??concentrate on／upon集中；全神貫注
??·She concentrated on preparing for the exam．她集中精力復(fù)習(xí)迎考。
練習(xí)：
A．Choose the right answer.
1. Newspapers are delivered _______lorry, plane or rail.
A. on ??????????B. in ?????????????C. at ?????????D. by
2. ?The plane _______by the time you get to the airport in your car.
A. will land ??????B. will have landed ????C. had landed ?????????D. landed
3. ??Failing in the contest, he seemed _______all desire to write.
A. losing ????????B. having lost ?????C. to losing ??????D. to have lost
4. ??I prefer _______at home rather than _______a trip during the National Day holiday.
A. stay; take ????B. to stay; to take ????C. to stay; take ???D. stay; to take
5. ??People who won't work should be made________.
A. work ?????????B. to work ?????????C. working ???????????D. to be working
6. The doctor looked_______, but he still looked _______at the patient's injured hand.
A. tired; careful ?????????????????B. tiredly; carefully ?????????????
C. tired; carefully ???????????????D. tiredly; careful
7. There is a notice on the door. _______, ‘ No students under 18 are allowed in. ’
A. It says ????B. It said ??????C. It is said ??????????D. It was said
8. ?If you tell your father what you've done, he will be _______a little angry.
A. more than ???????B. fewer than ??????C. rather than ?????????D. other than
9. ?One very cold night, a young man knocked at my door and explained that he_______
out of petrol about 30 km up the road.
Ai run ???????????B. had run ???????C. would run ?????????D. was running
10．On the front wall _______two large famous paintings, which you can't miss.
A. hanged ???????????B. ?hang ????????C. ?hung ????????????D. ?hanging
11. ?The Browns have arrived, but I didn't know they _______until yesterday.
A. had come ?????B. were coming ??????????C. came ????????????D. will come
12. ?What he mentioned in the letter _______me _______the happy days I spent there.
A. remembered ... of ??????????????????????B. remembered ... for
C. reminded ... of ????????????????????????D. reminded ... for
13. ?We must decide _______at once.
A. what to do with her ??????????????????????B. how to do with her
C. to do what with her ??????????????????????D. doing what with her
14. ?Mr Gao _______some Russian and Japanese when he was young, but he _______ all
except a few simple words.
A. had learned; has forgot ????????????????????B. learned; had forgotten
C. learned; has forgotten ?????????????????????D. learned; forgets
15. ?__________the letter, tears came into her eyes.
A. After reading ??????????????????????????????B. Reading
C. Having read ????????????????????????????????D. While she was reading
16. ?The poet and writer ＿＿＿?not agree to publish his book.
A. do ????????B. does ?????????C. have ???????????????D. had
17. Susan is a very thoughtful girl and thinks about things ________ .
A. anxiously ?????????B. rudely ??????C. considerately ??????D. curiously
18. If you have been in _______with live birds or poultry, immediately wash your hands?thoroughly with liquid soap and water.
A. contact ??????????B. contract ????????C. context ???????????D. content
19. ?Construction of new plants has been ________ .
A. held up ?????????B. held on ??????????C. held out ??????????????D. held by
20. ?I couldn't ?______?the spelling of the word, as I hadn't a dictionary at hand.
A. look at ??????B. look through ???????C. look out ??????????D. look up
Keys: 1—5 DBDCB, ??6—10 CAABB ???11—15 BCACD ???16—20 BCAAD
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Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases from the box below. ?Change the form where necessary.
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rather than ????at first glance ?????impression ????communicate ???????take ... into consideration
?lack of ??????remind ??????????senior ????????concentration ???????lose contact with
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1.?__________, the story seems comical.
2. This is what _________executives are trained to do.
3. British people do not readily ask each other to do anything that would involve real in convenience. They prefer to wait for such service lo be offered _________ask for it.
4. Her progress in English left a deep_________ on the teacher.
5. The speaker was successful in__________ his ideas to the listeners.
6. I need not __________you of that terrible tie you bought yesterday.
7. He has ________his pen-friend in the UK for two years.
8. The miners went on a strike against the __________
food..
9. The successful solution of the problem required patience and__________ .
10. Before we come to a decision, we must make sure we _________________ all the relevant facts___________ . ?????????????????????????????????
Keys: ???1. ?At first glance ???2. ??senior ???3. ??rather than ???4. ??impression ???5. ??Communicating???6. remind ???7. lost contact with ??8. lack of ??9. concentration ???10. have taken ... into consideration
C． Translation.
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發(fā)生什么事了？這怎么可能呢？
????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
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交流不僅僅是說和聽.
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
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這種方法似乎起作用了。
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
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你注視別人的方式?jīng)]有給他們留下好的印象。
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
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這就是為什么他們?nèi)ハ蛩皇窍蚰銓で髱椭?/span>
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
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在很多情況下，你說話的方式比你說話的內(nèi)容重要得多。
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
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目光接觸有時(shí)候是交流的關(guān)鍵
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
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在西方文化中，在交談時(shí)保持目光接觸式必要的。
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
9、事實(shí)上，西方人可能把不進(jìn)行目光接觸認(rèn)為是不感興趣。
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
10. 避免眼神交流可能被對(duì)方認(rèn)為是不禮貌的，但是盯著別人看也會(huì)被認(rèn)為是粗魯?shù)?，所以?yīng)該避免。
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???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
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Keys:
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?What’s up ???How can that be ?
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Communicating is more than speaking and listening.
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This seemed to work.
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The way you look at people doesn’t give them a good impression.
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That’s why they go to her for assistance, and not to you.
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In many situations, the way you say something is far more important than what you say.
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Eye contact is sometimes the key to communication.
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In Western cultures, maintaining eye contact in conversation is necessary.
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As a matter of fact, a westerner might consider a lack of eye contact as a lack of interest.
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Avoiding eye contact might be considered impolite, but staring at others is also considered rude and should be avoided.
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D.Reading Comprehension
A
Ever since human beings have lived on earth, they have made use of various forms of communication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a language barrier, communication is accomplished through sign language in which motions stand for letters, words, and ideas. Tourists and the people unable to hear or speak have had to turn to this form of expression. Many of these symbols of whole words are very vivid and exact and can be used internationally, spelling, however. cannot.
Body language conveys ideas or thoughts by certain action, either intentionally or unintentionally. A wink (眨眼) can be a way of indicating that the party is only joking. A nod means approval, while shaking the head indicates a negative reaction.
Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in Braille, signal flags. Morse Code (莫爾斯電碼),and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs also guide, warn, and instruct people.
??While language is the most common form of communication, other systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings.
Making eye contact looking directly into someone's eyes is — in some countries a way to show interest. In other countries, however, eye contact is rude or disrespectful. The gesture for OK. making a circle with one's thumb and index finger, has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money. In France, a person seeing the same gesture will think it means zero. The "crazy" gesture, moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear, means "you have a phone call" in Brazil.
Perhaps the best example of universally understood body language is the smile. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. A smile can open doors and tear down walls. It can be used to express almost any emotion. We can use a smile to apologize, to greet someone, to ask for help or to start a conversation. We can smile at ourselves in the mirror to make ourselves feel happier and stronger. And if we feel down or lonely, there is nothing better than to see the smiling face of a good friend.
50. Which of the following statements best summarizes this passage?
A. ?When language is a barrier, people will find other forms of communication.
B. ?Everybody uses only one form of communication.
C. Nonlinguistic language is invaluable to foreigners.
D. Although other forms, apart from language, of communication exist, they are of little value.
51. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A. There are many forms of communication in existence today.
B. Language is the most common form of communication.
C. Tourists are incapable of using an oral form of communication.
D. Ideas and thoughts can be conveyed by body language.
52. Which form except oral speech could be most commonly used among blind people?
A. Picture signs and signal flags. B. Braille.
C. Body language and eye contact. D. Sign language.
53. Sign language is said to be very vivid and exact and can be used internationally except for________.
A. spelling B. ideas C. whole words D. expressions
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B
Up All Night
— by Rosie Todina
When you can't sleep, the answer may be as simple as some warm milk.
Dear Rosie,
I have had trouble falling asleep at night lately. It's starting to affect my work and my social life because I am often very tired during the day.
What can I do?
Gia ?P.
TURIN, ITALY
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Dear Gia,
Try these things to help you sleep well at night:
1. Don't get into bed unless you're tired. Read or watch TV until you feel drowsy (打瞌睡的).
2. Don't play bills or do work on your bed. You will begin to associate the bed with activities.
3. Don't drink caffeinated coffee, tea or soft drinks four hours before your regular bed time.
4. Have a hot bath or shower to help you relax.
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5. Drink a cup of herbal tea or warm milk. Warm drinks can make you sleepy.
6. Play soft music. This will take your mind off the day's activities. It also screens out street sounds which can distract.
7. ?Encourage your body to relax. When in bed. begin to breathe deeply and slowly. Concentrate only on your breathing.
?You will be asleep in no time. If these tips don't help, consult your doctor.
Do you need some advice? Send your questions to: New English Digest www. learning-bug. com
c/o ASK ROSIE
54. What is the main problem with Gia?
A. She can't sleep well and feels tired at night.
B. Lacking sleep affects her work and daily life.
C. She has trouble with social life and can't sleep well.
D. She goes to bed so late that she can't fall asleep.
55. According to Rosie. what should Gia NOT do after supper?
A. Watching TV as late as possible.
B. Going on working even if she feels sleepy.
C. Listening to music.
D. Drinking soft drinks or coffee.
56. Which of the following is probably the column where we may read this in a magazine?
A. NEW ENGLISH DIGEST. B. GIA'S PROBLEM.
C. LETTERS FROM ITALY. D. ASK ROSIE.
C
In Japan two more children have killed themselves after being bullied at school. Five children have taken their own lives since August. A head teacher has also been found hanged in a forest after he was criticized for his response to a bullying incident in his school.
Both of the children who killed themselves this weekend had been bullied. A twelve-year-old girl jumped to her death from a high building after her classmates teased her for being short. A fourteen-year-old boy hanged himself after his classmates tried to extort money from
It's not new of course. Japan's schools have long had a problem with bullying. After the suicides of five young children in less than four months, there's more attention being paid to the problem, but no one can agree what to do about it.
More attention, of course, can create its own difficulties. The head teacher killed himself after giving a news conference in which he was criticized for his handling of the incident.
Suicide in Japan is not just seen as an easy way out. Traditionally, it was regarded as a responsible way to deal with a problem when faced with no other choice. But last week, several schoolchildren wrote to the Education Minister threatening to kill themselves because no one would help them. He responded by urging students not to write to him, instead of finding people to whom the children could talk about their difficulties.
It's awkward. Some fear publicizing such cases increases the likelihood others will try to copy them. Others, though, say the failures in the system need to be exposed
57. How did the head teacher react to the criticism?
A. He dealt with it calmly. B. He killed himself.
C. He escaped to the forest. D. He wrote to the Education Minister.
58. What does the underlined phrase "extort money" in the second paragraph mean?
A. To take money by force. B. To get money in a clever way.
C. To borrow money. D. To steal money.
59. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to this passage?
A. Since August 6 people died including a teacher as a result of bullying problems.
B. Several school children wrote to the Education Minister asking for help.
C. The Education Minister talked with the troubled children about their difficulties.
D. Bullying has long been a problem in Japan's schools.
60. What is the public opinion of the increased attention paid to the bullying problem?
A. Negative. B. Mixed. C. Positive. D. Not serious.
D
Children have their own rules in playing games. They seldom need a referee and rarely trouble to keep scores. They don't care much about who wins or loses, and it doesn't seem to worry them if the game is not finished. Yet, they like games that depend a lot on luck, so that their personal abilities cannot be directly compared. They also enjoy games that move in stages, in which each stage, the choosing of leaders, the picking-up of sides, or the determining of which side shall start, is almost a game in itself.
Grown-ups can hardly find children's games exciting, and they often feel puzzled at why their kids play such simple games again and again. However, it is found that a child plays games for very important reasons. He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person, and he can find himself being a useful partner to someone of whom he is ordinarily afraid. He becomes a leader when it comes to his turn. He can be confident, too, in particular games, that it is his place to give orders, to pretend to be dead, to throw a ball actually at someone, or to kiss someone he has caught.
It appears to us that when children play a game they imagine a situation under their control. Everyone knows the rules, and more importantly, everyone plays according to the rules. Those rules may be childish, but they make sure that every child has a chance to win.
61. What is true about children when they play games?
A. They can stop playing any time they like.
B. They can test their personal abilities.
C. They want to pick up a better team.
D. They don't need rules.
62. To become a leader in a game, the child has to ___________.
A. play well B. wait for his turn
C. be confident in himself D. be popular among his playmates
63. What do we know about grown-ups?
A. They are not interested in games.
B. They find children's games too easy.
C. They don't need a reason to play games.
D. They don't understand children's games.
64. Why does a child like playing games?
A. Because he can be someone other than himself.
B. Because he can become popular among friends.
C. Because he finds he is always lucky in games.
D. Because he likes the place where he plays a game.
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E.Translation
1. 我寧可步行上學(xué)也不愿意乘這么擁擠的公共汽車。?(prefer)
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2. 從某種意義上說，我們的行為反映了我們的生活方式。?(the way)
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3. 他的行為給老師留下了很壞的印象。(impression)
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4. 這張舊照片使我想起了在英國的那段日子。(remind... of)
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5. 我想找個(gè)有更多機(jī)會(huì)與人打交道的工作。?(communicate with)
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6.約翰比史密斯年長幾歲。?(senior to)
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7.我們必須致力于改進(jìn)教育工作。(concentrate on)
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8.中國在維護(hù)世界和平中起著重要的作用。(maintain)
Keys: ?
Reading Comprehension
50.A ?51.C ?52.B ?53.A ?54.B ?55.D ?56.D ?57.B 58.A ?59.C ?60.B ?61.A ?62.B ?63.B ?64.A
Translation
I． I prefer to go to school on foot rather than take such a crowded bus.
2. ??In some ways, the way we behave reflects the way we live.
3. ??His behaviour left a bad impression on the teacher.
4. ?This old photo reminds me of the days when I was in Britain.
5. ??I'd like to find a job with more chances to communicate With people.
6. ?John is several years senior to Smith.
7. ?We must concentrate on improving education.
8. ?China plays an important role in maintaining world peace.
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