短文改錯

?

高考短文改錯題是在給出一篇約100詞的短文，文中有10處錯誤，要求考生對每個句子進行判斷，如有錯誤將其改正。錯誤類型包括詞法、句法、行文邏輯等方面的錯誤。每句中最多有兩處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

高考短文改錯著重考查考生的語言基本功和正確使用英語進行表達的能力。此題型不僅要求考生牢固的掌握一定的詞匯和語法知識，還要求考生具有一定的閱讀理解和邏輯推理能力。它針對考生平時學習英語過程中，尤其是在寫作中常犯的錯誤而設(shè)計的，考生在平時寫作中常出現(xiàn)的錯誤是短文改錯考查的重點。?

【試題特點】?

一般來說，短文改錯的語言材料通常來自考生文章或類似于考生習作的文章。所選材料篇幅較短，約100詞左右，10—12個句子；難度不大，基本上無生僻的詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)。短文改錯的話題較常見，通常是敘述一個事情或說明一個事物。從體裁上看，歷年高考試題中的短文改錯以記敘文和應(yīng)用文為主，兼顧說明文和議論文。通常從詞法，句法和行文邏輯三個角度設(shè)題，錯誤類型有多詞，缺詞，和錯詞三種，比例一般為錯詞：多詞：缺詞=8（7）：1（2）：1??

短文改錯：近三年的對比分析??

2016—2019年英語新課標全國卷短文改錯考向雙向細目表

?

【應(yīng)試技巧】

一、把握＂三＂＂四＂＂五＂，共十二個考點

1. 名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)；2. 介詞的誤用、多用或少用；3. 動詞時態(tài)不一致。

1. 連詞的誤用、多用或少用；2. 冠詞的誤用、多用或少用；3. 詞語辨析；4. 詞性誤用。

1. 代詞；2. 非謂語動詞；3. 情態(tài)動詞；4. 主謂一致；5. 形容詞的比較級和最高級。

二、考法

1. 8個改詞1個添詞1個刪詞，記住比例是：8:1:1；

2. 每句有0—2個錯誤；

3. 需要變形的詞語通常是名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞等；

4. 少詞一般是添加冠詞、介詞、連詞、不定式的to, 以及物主代詞；

5. 多詞一般是刪掉冠詞、介詞、助動詞等。

?【核心思路】根據(jù)考點找錯誤，又快又準高速度。

三、三個維度

介詞、冠詞、連詞的多用，少用或誤用，詞性誤用，非謂語動詞，各類詞綴，如否定前綴，名詞、形容詞、副詞后綴；

主謂一致，時態(tài)一致，名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)一致，代詞的格和數(shù)一致；

并列句中兩個簡單句的關(guān)系，因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、選擇、并列關(guān)系等。

短文改錯解題口訣

口訣一：

短文改錯有妙計，完整一致看仔細。詞法側(cè)重冠名動，形副互換要留意。

分詞出現(xiàn)多琢磨，主動被動加語氣。全文一處多一詞，一處少詞關(guān)介詞。

時態(tài)人稱要統(tǒng)一，連詞用法重邏輯。短文改錯要做好, 常見類型應(yīng)記牢。

口訣二：

名詞愛考數(shù)與格，冠詞在前＂錯、多、少＂；

動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)，非謂語搭配莫錯了；

連代形副錯一樣，多是故意來混淆；介詞多半考搭配，多漏誤用想周到；

句法涉及到＂一致＂，從句多考關(guān)系詞。詞法句法均未錯，邏輯推理去尋找。

＂811＂ 排列是規(guī)律，回讀復(fù)查敲定稿。

注?1. ＂一致＂包括主謂一致，數(shù)、性、格等的一致。

2. 811常指：8處錯誤，?1處多詞，1處少詞。?

?

?

Correction 1（2019·新課標I卷）

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident. One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football fell just in front of me but almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. To everyone`s surprising, the ball went into the net. All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. From now on, I started to play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.

Correction 2（2019·新課標II卷）

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

Since I was a kid, I`ve considered different job I would like to do. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much. When I studied chemistry high school, I reconsidered mg goal or decided to be a doctor. They were two reasons for the decision. One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor. And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.

Correction 3（2019·新課標III卷）

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe. Though it may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts. What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one. I want my cafe have a special theme such as like "Tang Dynasty". In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment what is created for them. If I succeed in manage one, I will open more. I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city. Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.

Correction 4（2018·新課標I卷）

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with?my?father to visit?my grandparents. I find?a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living?in a small?house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when?I?went here again, they had?a big?separate?house to raise?dozens of chicken. They also?had?a?small pond which?they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned?quite a lot?by?sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of

our?trip, I?told?my father that I planned to return for every two years, but?he agreed.

Correction 5（2018·新課標II卷）

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

When I was little, Friday’s night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.

?

Correction 6（2018·新課標III卷）

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文，文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪改或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（Λ），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said, "The classroom is a place for learning and that include leaning from textbooks, and mistake as well." Immediate, I raised my hand.

Correction 7（2017·新課標I卷）

???假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：

1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

In?the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday,?I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank, I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, ＂Speed up!＂ ＂Slow down!＂ ＂Turning left!＂ I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.

?

?

Correction 8（2017·新課標II卷）

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處；每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

Mr. and Mrs.?Zhang all work in our school.?They live far from the school,?and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.?In their spare time,?they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden,?that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together.?They have also bought for some gardening tools.?beside,?they often get some useful informations from the internet.?When summer came,?they will invite their students pick the vegetables！

Correction 9（2017·新課標III卷）

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

When I look at this picture of myself. I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.?I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes,?playing pop music,?and collecting the late music albums.?This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.

?

?

?

?

?

Correction1（山東省淄博市2019屆高三部分學校5月階段性診斷（二模)考試 ）

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

It can be seen from the picture Mr. Liu，who wears a mask. was walking his dog. Interestingly，his dog which also wears a mask.

In recent year，air pollution has become more and more serious in some areas，which have led to severe consequences. To solve this problem，firstly of all，we should raise the public awareness of protecting the environment. Secondly，the government ought to punish the illegal acts as polluting the environment severe. Thirdly，we must do our best to protecting the environment in our daily life. Only in this way can human beings and animals share a pleasant planet or live a happy life.

Correction 2（安徽師范大學附屬中學2019屆高三5月考前適應(yīng)性檢測）

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：

1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

My mom and dad are great cooks, but I always enjoy staying at home and having delicious food. I remembered when I was about six, all the kids in my neighborhood wanted hamburgers and chips, but some didn't have money to buy it. So my father tried to make some on the weekend and asked them eat at my home for the free. The kids were very happier. It helped me make lots of friend. Now I often cooking for my parents, and they like my dishes, either. It's really relaxing to sit around a table for my parents, eating and talking together.

Correction 3（湖北省黃岡市2019屆高三模擬）

假定英語課上英語老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：

1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

Dear Ms Smith,

I’m writing to ask whether you could do me favor. I’ve just finished an essay naming “Differences between traditional Chinese and Western festivals”, so I’m not sure whether it is well written. To be honestly, I’m not that familiar with some traditional Western festivals. That’s because I’m turning to you for help. I’d appreciate it if you could spare some time to look into my essay for possible mistakes and polish them. Also, I’m looking forward to your valuable advices. My essay has been sending to you along with this email. I hope it won’t cause you too much more trouble.

Thank you in advance.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

Correction 4?(2019屆福建省百所重點校高三聯(lián)合考試)

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處；每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

?As my mother and father were always busy working, so I was often at home by myself. I felt boring all the time and I felt sorry for myself. One day, in my way home from school, I saw a person living in the park. He was wearing dirty but worn-out clothes. He gave me a big smile when he saw me. He looked if he was the happiest man in the world. Looked at him, I realized how luckily I really was. I have enough food to eat and enough clothes to wear and I had hard-working parents who really cared about him. I realized what grateful I was to my parents for all that I had.

Correction 5??(2019屆安徽省江淮十校高三聯(lián)考)

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處；每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

Once there was a tale tell of a spider with the name Anansi. He wondered what to be more intelligent. He went around the village to collect for wisdom with a basket. Soon his basket was full. To hide it on the top of the tree with the basket tied to the front part of his body, he found hard to climb the tree. Then her youngest son walked by, “Why not carry a basket on your back instead?” Following his advice, Anansi climbed the tree easily, and he wasn’t happy. “I have collected so many wisdom, but my baby son is still wise than me. Take back your wisdom!” He throw the basket of wisdom into the air. And that’s how wisdom went all over the world.

?

?

Correction 1

??假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號 (∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線 (\) 劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：

1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

When talked about my dream. I recalled my childhood, which I started learning to sing. At that time it was my interest led me to sing. Hard although I learned, I was happy then. And with time going on, I have gradually realized sing is my whole life. I like it or enjoy it. I want to stand on an even big stage to sing where not only will my dream be come true but also I can send my beautiful song to all the audience. I want to transfer happy and encouragement to the audience by singing, letting us cheer up.

?

Correction 2

??假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號 (∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線 (\) 劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：

1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

I was riding in a taxi to the bus station but from there I was supposed to taking a bus to New York City. It was going to be long journey. I had been packed some chocolates in my suitcase to eat in the way. When the ride was over, I paid the driver the due amount and gave him a tip. He got my suitcase out. I took them and started walking away. However, I realized that it was one of the opportunity to perform an act of kindness. I want to give away all the chocolates to the driver. After all, he had served me even though it was just his job. I gave them away and saw the brightly smile light up his face, what made me feel my heart filled with happiness.

Correction 3

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號 (∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線 (\) 劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：

1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

I can still remember I was once asked to make speech before the whole class at the age of 9. You can imagine how shy I was when I thought of that with so many eyes fixed to me. I had no more choice but to prepare for it, though. The hardest part was my oral presentation from my memory, for reading from the paper wasn’t allowing. The real moment began before I stood on the platform with my legs trembling or my mind blank. ?But my listeners were waiting patient. Gradually, I found me back, giving my speech at last. After what seemed to be a long time, I heard all the listeners applauding loudly. Ever since then, my fear of speak before a big audience had disappeared. Actually, now I’ve become a great speaker!

Correction 4

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號 (∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線 (\) 劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：

1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

Which is known to all, nowadays the Internet is playing more and more important part in our daily life. In it, we can not only read news at home and abroad but also get so much information as possible. We are often send e-mails to our classmates. We can make telephone call to our families as well as our friends. However, we can go to school on the net, read different kinds of books and even teach myself English. We can also enjoy music, watching sports and play computer games on the net. We could do shopping even without leaving our homes.

Correction 5

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號 (∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線 (\) 劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：

1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

On the Earth Day, my classmates and I decided to do everything for our school. We were divided into three group. The first group picked up rubbish and put it in plastic bags. The second group painted the walls of the classrooms, where had been so dirty. The third group planted many trees in the courtyard under our teachers’?help. I helped dig the holes on the ground, put the trees in the holes, fill the holes with soil. Later on, we water the trees. It was a tired day but we felt happily. Let’s devote ourselves to protect our earth!

?

?

獲得更多試題及答案，歡迎聯(lián)系微信公眾號：ygjjcom