Lesson 1 Face to Face with Hurricane Camille
全文翻譯
迎戰(zhàn)卡米爾颶風
約瑟夫·布蘭克
1.小約翰·科夏克已經(jīng)預料到卡米爾颶風將會來勢兇猛。去年8月17號的那個星期日，當卡米爾颶風掠過墨西哥海港向西北行進時，廣播和電視臺整天都在播放風暴預警?？葡目艘患揖幼〉牡胤健芪魑鞅鹊暮掣邸隙〞獾斤Z風的傾襲。路易斯安那、密西西比和阿拉巴馬州沿海地區(qū)的居民中，近15萬人已逃往內(nèi)陸安全地帶。但就像海岸地區(qū)其他成千上萬的人一樣，約翰不愿意拋棄家園，除非他的整個家庭——他的妻子珍妮絲，以及他們的7個孩子(最大的11歲，最小的3歲)——災難臨頭。
2.為了尋求對抗颶風的最佳方案，約翰已經(jīng)與父母商量過了，他的父母一個月前就從加利福尼亞搬進了約翰那座有十間房的屋子。他還征詢過駕車從拉斯維加斯到此拜訪的老朋友查理·希爾的意見。
3.約翰所有的產(chǎn)業(yè)都在家中(他設(shè)計、研發(fā)各種教育玩具和教育用品。他的瑪格納制造公司的一切信函、設(shè)計圖和工藝模具全都放在一樓),37歲的約翰對颶風的力量并不陌生。四年前，他位于海灣港以西幾英里外的那個家就被貝翠颶風摧毀了(此前，科夏克已將家人送到一個汽車旅館過夜)。不過，那所房子僅僅高出海平面幾英戶。“我們現(xiàn)在高出海平面23英尺呢，”他告訴父親說，“而且，我們距離海岸足有250碼遠。這房子建于1915年，從未受到過颶風的侵擾。我們呆在這兒恐怕是再安全不過了?！?/span>
4.今年已67歲的老科夏克是個脾氣暴躁但心腸很好的熟練機械師。對兒子的看法他表示贊同?！拔覀兡軌蚍庾★L口，戰(zhàn)勝風暴”,他說道，“如果有危險跡象，我們可以在天黑前撤離?！?/span>
5.幾個男人們有條不紊地準備著颶風防御措施。水管可能會被損壞，因此他們將浴缸和水桶裝滿了水。也可能斷電，因此他們仔細檢查了手提收音機和手電筒的電池，并給提燈添了油。約翰的父親將一臺小型發(fā)電機搬到樓下的走廊，在上面接了幾個燈泡，并隨時準備把它與冰箱連接在一起。
6.那天下午，雨一直在下。烏云伴著越來越強烈的暴風從海灣上空席卷而來?？葡目艘患以缭绯赃^晚飯。一個鄰居(她的丈夫在越南)過來問，她和她的兩個孩子能否和科夏克一家待在一起，直到颶風結(jié)束。另一個鄰居在逃亡內(nèi)陸的途中也跑過來問科夏克一家是否介意幫忙照看一下他的狗。
7.不到7點，天就黑了?？耧L暴雨拍打著屋子。約翰讓大兒子和大女兒到樓上拿些床墊和枕頭給年幼的孩子們。他打算將所有人集中在同一層。“別靠近窗皮他告誡道，擔心被颶風吹碎的窗玻璃會飛落下來。風開始咆哮，房子開始漏雨—雨水仿佛能穿過墻壁，直往里潑?？葡目艘患议_始用拖把、毛巾、壺和水桶與快速蔓延的水展開斗爭。八點半，斷電了，科夏克老爹便啟動了發(fā)電機。
8.颶風的咆哮聲此刻壓倒了一切。房子搖晃著，客廳的天花板一塊塊掉到地上。樓上一個房間的法式門“砰”的一聲被風吹開了。屋里的人聽到樓上玻璃窗破碎時發(fā)出的像開槍一樣的劈劈啪啪的響聲。水已經(jīng)漫過腳踝了。
9.然后，前門開始從門框脫落。約翰和查理用肩頂住門，但一股水浪席卷過來，沖開大門，將他們掀倒在地板上。水浸濕了發(fā)電機，燈滅了。查理舔了舔嘴唇，向約翰喊道“我想我們真有麻煩了。水是咸的?！焙Ｋ呀?jīng)進到房屋了，水位還在不停地上漲。
10.“大家都從后門走，到車上去!”約翰喊道?！拔覀儼押⒆右粋€個遞過去。數(shù)數(shù)，一共是九個!”
11.孩子們從大人手上像救火隊的水桶一樣一個個被遞了過去。但車無法發(fā)動，它的電子系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)被水破壞了。風太大，水太深，不能靠步行逃命?！盎氐轿葑永锶?”約翰又喊道“數(shù)數(shù)孩子們，一共是九個!”
12.當他們攀爬著回屋后，約翰命令道，“大家都到樓上去!”于是人們都待在由兩堵內(nèi)墻保護的樓梯上，個個嚇得要命，氣喘吁吁，渾身都濕透了。孩子們把那只叫斯普基的貓和裝著她的四只幼仔的盒子放在樓梯平臺上。斯普基焦慮地張望著自己的幼仔。鄰居的那條狗已經(jīng)蜷起身子，入睡了。
13.暴風發(fā)出的聲響就像是幾碼外的火車疾馳而過時所發(fā)出的震耳欲聾的鳴笛聲。房子在地基上抖動搖晃。一樓的外墻倒塌了，積水一寸寸漫上樓梯。沒有人說話，人人都知道無路可逃，他們是死是活，都只能留在這所房子里。
14.查理·希爾對鄰居的那個婦女和她的兩個孩子多少盡了些義務。那婦女驚慌失措，她抓住查理的胳膊，不停地說“我不會游泳，我不會游泳……”
15.“不用游泳的，”他佯裝鎮(zhèn)定地安慰她道，“很快就會結(jié)束了?！?/span>
16.科夏克奶奶伸出一只手臂摟在丈夫肩上，將嘴貼近他耳邊說，“老爺子，我愛你?！笨评系D(zhuǎn)過頭，也回應道，“我愛你!”嗓音里已沒有了往日的粗暴。
17.約翰望著積水拍打著樓梯，感到一陣強烈的內(nèi)疚。他低估了卡米爾颶風的猛烈性。他曾以為以前沒出現(xiàn)的事情就不會發(fā)生。他雙手抱著頭，默默地祈禱著：“上帝啊，請保佑我們度過這一難關(guān)吧?！?/span>
18.不久，一陣強風襲來，將整個屋頂掀起，拋向40英尺開外的地方。樓梯底部裂開了。一堵墻眼看著就要向這群無路可逃的人壓倒過來。
19.弗羅里達州邁阿密的國家颶風中心主任羅伯特·辛普森博士將卡米爾颶風列為“有史以來，襲擊過西半球人口居住地的最劇烈的風暴”。在颶風中心方圓70英里范圍內(nèi)，風速接近每小時200英里，掀起的浪頭高達30英尺。海灣沿岸颶風過境之處，所有東西都被毀壞：19467所房屋和709個商鋪要么被完全摧毀要么遭到嚴重損壞。颶風刮起了海灣港一個60萬加侖的油罐，將其扔到3.5英里開外的地方。它將3艘貨船搬離系泊處，掀上海灘。電線桿和20英寸粗的松樹被颶風折斷時，發(fā)出噼哩啪啦的爆破聲。
20.海灣港以西的帕斯克里斯鎮(zhèn)幾乎被徹底摧毀。住在該鎮(zhèn)豪華的黎賽留公寓的入位度假者舉行了一次聚會，試圖從他們所居住的有利地位觀賞颶風的壯觀景象。結(jié)果公寓仿佛被一個巨大的拳頭打得粉碎，`26人因此喪生。
21.科夏克家的屋頂被吹走后，約翰喊到“快上樓去，待在我們的臥室!數(shù)數(shù)孩子們?！眱A盆大雨中，孩子們蜷縮在大人們圍成的圈里?？葡目四棠贪蟮溃骸昂⒆觽?，我們唱歌吧!”孩子們都嚇壞了，沒有響應。她獨自唱了幾句，然后聲音就漸漸消失了。
22.客廳的壁爐和煙囪坍塌時，擲來片片殘骸。他們棲身的那間臥室里有兩面墻壁即將崩塌時，約翰立即命令道：“進電視室去!”這是離風頭最遠的一個房間。
23.約翰用手臂摟了一下妻子。珍妮絲明白了他的惹思?？耧L暴雨和恐懼使得她不停地發(fā)抖，她將兩個孩子攬進懷里，心中念叨著，仁慈的上帝啊，請賜予我力量來度過這一切。她怨恨這場颶風。我們一定不會讓它得逞。
24.科夏克老爹壓抑著心中的怒火，他對自己木能做任何事情來對抗卡米爾颶風感到懊惱。毫無因由地，他跑到一間臥室將一只杉木箱和一個雙人床墊拖進了電視室。就在那時，暴風刮倒了一面墻，提燈也熄滅了。又一面墻開始移動搖晃，查理·希爾試圖支撐住它，但墻倒在他身上，傷了他的背。房屋搖晃著，已經(jīng)離開地基25英尺了。似乎要天崩地裂。
25.“我們把那個床墊豎起來!”約翰對父親喊道?！鞍阉笨恐鴵鯎躏L。讓孩子們待在墊子下面。我們可以用頭和肩膀頂住它!”
26.大一點兒的孩子趴在地上，小一點的摞在他們上面，大人們都彎下腰罩住他們。地板傾斜了。裝著四只小貓的盒子從架子上滑落下來，被風吹得無影無蹤。斯普基被從一個滑柜頂部吹走，也不見了蹤影。狗閉著眼睛，蜷縮成一團。又一面墻倒塌了。水浪拍打著傾斜的地板。約翰抓住一扇還連接在壁櫥墻上的門?！叭绻匕逅?，”他對父親喊道，“我們就把孩子們放在這上面?！?/span>
27.霎那間，風勢稍稍減弱，水面也不再上漲。隨后積水開始消退?？谞栵Z風的風眼過去了，科夏克一家和他們的朋友們都幸存了下來。
28.黎明時分，海灣港的居民們開始返回自己的家園。他們看見遇難者的尸體—在密西西比沿海一帶就有130多名男女和兒童喪生——海灘和高速公路的某些地段到處都是死狗、死貓和死牲畜的尸體。未被吹倒的樹上掛著被撕成布條的衣服，吹斷的電線像黑色的意大利面一樣一圈圈地盤繞在路面上。
29.返回家園的人們緩慢地行走著，沒有高聲說話，他們吃驚地呆站著，努力去接受眼前這駭人的景象?！拔覀冊撛趺崔k”他們問道，“我們該去哪兒?”
30.這時，該地區(qū)的一些組織，實際上全美人民都已經(jīng)開始向受災海岸伸出了援助之手。天還沒亮，密西西比州國民警衛(wèi)隊和一些民間防衛(wèi)組織便開始進入災區(qū)，維持交通，保護財物，建立通訊中心，幫助清理廢墟并用卡車和汽車將無家可歸的人送往難民收容中心。上午10點左右，救世軍的餐車和紅十字會志愿隊及工作人員已開往所有能夠到達的地方去分發(fā)熱飲、食品、衣服和被褥了。
31.全國各城鎮(zhèn)為災區(qū)募捐了幾百萬美元。日常用品和醫(yī)療用品通過飛機、火車、卡車和汽車源源不斷地運送進來。聯(lián)邦政府海運過來440萬磅食品，還運來了流動房屋，建立了活動教室，開設(shè)了相關(guān)機構(gòu)提供長期低息商業(yè)貸款。
32.其間，卡米爾颶風在席卷了密西西比州后繼續(xù)北進，給弗吉尼亞州西部和南部帶來了28英寸以上的降雨，致使洪水泛濫，山體滑坡，又造成111人喪生，最后才在大西洋上空逐漸消散。
33.如同其他許多海灣港家庭一樣，科夏克一家很快開始重新安排生活。約翰將一家人分散在兩個朋友家。鄰家婦女和她的兩個孩子去了一個難民收容所。查理·希爾找了一間出租房。周二，查理的背部基本康復了，他加入了海軍修建營，從事最艱難的志愿工作—尋找遇難者尸體。風暴過后三天，他決心不回拉斯維加斯，而要“留在海灣港，幫助重建這一社區(qū)?！?/span>
34.風暴過去快要一周時，一位朋友將自己的公寓提供給科夏克，一家人終于又團聚了。這一經(jīng)歷似乎并未給孩子們造成什么心理陰影；他們?nèi)匀粚︼Z風莫可名狀的力量感到畏懼，但他們對在那個可怕的夜晚里的所見所聞津津樂道。珍妮絲對颶風后的反應來得稍稍有些緩慢。颶風過后的一個晚上，她突然在凌晨2點醒來。她悄悄起床，走到屋外。抬頭望著天空，茫然不知所措，她開始抽泣。
35.與此同時，約翰，科夏克老爹和查理在家里的廢墟里尋覓著一些物品。這也許本會使人感到沮喪，但事實卻并非如此：每一件搜尋出來的物品都象征著對風暴的一次勝利。那只狗和貓突然出現(xiàn)了，它們還活著，只是餓了。
36.但沮喪的情緒時而不時仍會折磨著那些大人。一次，約翰情緒低落地對父母說，“我希望你們能留下來，這樣我們一家人就能在一起了，你們就可以開心地和孩子們在一起，看著他們長大。
37.生活又恢復正常后，父親已經(jīng)拿定主意在這兒開一間焊接鋪人聽到兒子的話，他說道“不要再為過去那些事情悲傷了，我們一切從頭再來吧!”
38.“您很偉大，”約翰說到，“這個鎮(zhèn)上有許多像你這樣偉大的人。這兒將會變得比以前更好?！?/span>
39.隨后，科夏克奶奶說到，“我們幾乎喪失了所有財產(chǎn)，但我們一家人都挺過來了。想到這一點，我認識到我們并沒有損失重要的東西。”
(選自約瑟夫·加南《修辭與文學》)
練習答案
Ⅱ.
A.
1.He didn't think his family was in any real danger.His former house had been demolished by Hurricane Betsy for it only stood a?few feet above sea level.His present house was 23 feet above sea level and 250 yards away from the sea.He thought they would be?safe here as in any place else.Besides,he had talked the matter over with his father and mother and consulted his longtime friend,Charles Hill,before making his decision to stay and face the hurricane.
2.To avoid water mains being damaged,they filled bathtubs and pails,checked out the batteries for radio and flashlights and the fuel?for the lantern since they might need them when power is cut off.
A generator was necessary because they could wire light bulbs to it and make the refrigerator in proper function.
3.They found it impossible to escape neither by car nor on foot.The electricity system of the car?had been killed by water.As the?first-floor outside walls collapsed,the water was rising inch by inch and was above the steps,s6 he water became too deep for them?to flee on foot.
4.John Koshak felt a crushing guilt because it was he who made the final decision?to stay?and face the hurricane.Now it seemed近they might all die in the hurricane.5.Grandmother Koshak asked the children to sing because she thought this would lessen tension and boost the morale of everyone.
6.Vacationers held a hurricane party to enjoy the natural phenomenon-the unusual and impressive spectacle of the hurricane in the?fancy Richelieu Apartments.They believed they would be safe and can observe it with a clear and broad view.But as a result,the?powerful hurricane smashed the apartments apart and the Richelieu Apartments failed to be their refuge.At last these vacationers多were eventually found missing.
7.Although the hurricane caused great property loss,the whole family were still
lucky enough to survive the hurricane.Grandmother?Koshak meant that human lives are more important and valuable than material possessions.
8.They managed to return their life to normal and started without delay rebuilding their community.
?
B.
1.This piece of narration is organized as?follows:introduction,development,climax,and conclusion.
The first 6 paragraphs are introductory paragraphs,giving the time,place,and background of the conflict—man versus hurricanes.These paragraphs also introduce the characters in the story.
2.The writer focuses chiefly on action but he also clearly and sympathetically delineates the characters in the story.
3.Man and hurricanes make up the conflict.
4.The writer builds up and sustains the suspense in the story by describing in detail and vividly the incidents showing how the?Koshaks and their friends struggled against each onslaught of the hurricane.
5.The writer insert paragraph 19 and 20 to prove the ravaging power of this opposing force-the hurricane,so that it will?be more?amazing and admirable for human beings eventually defeated such a devastating evil and gained eventual triumph.
6.The story reaches its climax in paragraph 27.
7.Yes,it is.Because,in the last paragraph,the writer states his theme or the purpose behind his story in the reflection of?Grandmother Koshak:“We lost practically all?our possessions,but the family came through it.When I think of that,I realize we lost?nothing important."
8.Elliptical and short simple sentences generally increase the tempo and speed of the actions being described.Hence in a dramatic?narration they serve to heighten tension and help create a sense of danger and urgency.Example can be found in paragraphs 10-18?and 21-26.
?
Ⅲ.
1.We're 23 feet above sea level.
2.The house has been here since 1915,and no hurricane has ever caused any damage to it.
3.We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage.
4.Water got into the generator and put it out.It stopped producing electricity,so the lights also went out.
5.Everybody go out through the back door and run to the cars.
6.The electrical systems in the car had been put out by water.
7.As John watched the water inch its way up the steps,he felt a strong sense of guilt because?he blamed himself for endangering the?whole family by deciding?not to flee inland.
8.Oh God,please help us to get through this storm safely.
9.Grandmother Koshak sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew dimmer and stopped.
10.Janis displayed rather late the exhaustion brought about by the nervous tension caused by the hurricane.
?
IV.
A.
1.main:a principal pipe or line in a distributing system for water,gas,electricity,etc.
2.sit out:stay until the end of
3.report:a loud,resounding noise,especially one made by an explosion
4.douse:put out(a light,fire,generator,etc.)quickly by pouring water over it
5.kill:(American English)to cause(an engine,etc.)to stop
6.litter:the young borne at one time by a dog,cat,or other animals which normally bear several young at a delivery
7.swath:the space covered with one cut of?a scythe;a long strip or track of any kind
8.bar:a measure in music;the notes between two vertical lines on a music sheet
9.lean-to:a shed or other small?outbuilding with a sloping roof,the upper end of which rests against the wall?of another building
10.break up:to disperse;be brought to an end
11.pitch in:to join and help with an activity
12.the blues:sad and depressed feelings
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B.
1.pummel:f.to beat or hit with repeated blows,especially with the fist
2.scud:h.to run or move swiftly
3.roar:a.a loud deep cry
4.scramble:i.to climb,crawl or clamber hurriedly
5.swipe:j.a hard,sweeping blow
6.skim:1.to throw in a gliding path
7.perish:m.to die,especially die a violent or untimely death
8.beach:k.to ground(a boat)on the beach
9.slash:d.to cut or wound with a sweeping stroke as with a knife
10.sprawl:b.to spread the limbs in a relaxed,awkward or unnatural position
11.vanish:g.to go or pass suddenly from sight
12.thrust:c.to push with sudden force
13.wrath:e.intense anger
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V.
A.
1.Each and every plane must be checked out thoroughly before taking off.
2.The residents were firmly opposed to the construction of?a waste incineration plant in their neighborhood because they were?deeply concerned about the plant's emissions polluting the air.
3.Investment in ecological projects in this area mounted up to billions of yuan.
4.The dry riverbed was strewn with rocks of all sizes,
5.Although war caused great losses to this country,its cultural traditions did not perish.
6.To make space for modern high rises,many ancient buildings with ethnic cultural features had to be demolished.
7.In the earthquake the main structures of most of the poor-quality houses disintegrated.
8.His wonderful dream vanished into the air despite his hard efforts to achieve his goals.
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B.
1.但就像海岸地區(qū)其他成千上萬的人一樣，約翰不愿意拋棄家園，除非他的整個家庭——他的妻子珍妮絲，以及他們的7個孩子(最大的11歲，最小的3歲)——災難臨頭。
2.樓上一個房間的法式門“砰”的一聲被風吹開了。屋里的人聽到樓上玻璃窗破碎時發(fā)出的像開槍一樣的劈劈啪啪的響聲。
3.于是人們都待在由兩堵內(nèi)墻保護的樓梯上，個個嚇得要命，氣喘吁吁，渾身都濕透了。
4.人人都知道無路可逃，他們是死是活，都只能留在這所房子里。
5.不久，一陣強風襲來，將整個屋頂掀起，拋向40英尺開外的地方。
6.在颶風中心方圓70英里范圍內(nèi)，風速接近每小時200英里，掀起的浪頭高達30英尺。
7.未被吹倒的樹上掛著被撕成布條的衣服，吹斷的電線像黑色的意大利面一樣一圈圈地盤繞在路面上。
8.這也許本會使人感到沮喪，但事實卻并非如此：每一件搜尋出來的物品都象征著對風暴的一次勝利。
C.
See the translation of the text.
VI.
1.This passage is a piece of narration.
2.It tells how an accident happens in the order of its occurrence.
3.The first sentence of the?first paragraph gives the time and place,that is the setting of the accident Then it introduces the?protagonist,or the character of the accident.The following contents in the first paragraph are a few?words given to pave the way for?the main action.The second paragraph focuses on the details of the accident.Through?accurate description of details and effective?use of specific verbal phrases,the vividness of the narration is eventually achieved.The third paragraph is about the result,which is?unexpected and rather bizarre.The man who was wounded fatally in the head did no)die,but miraculously he was able to speak and?walk.
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