Unit1
Lead-in
1.1
oceans
growing confidence?landing grounds?surrender
Empire?Power and might
Text comprehension
I B
Ⅱ
1.Refer to Paragraph 2.Because he understands that the war is long and tough:it is not to end in months but in years.He tells the people there that how?ever?long the war lasts,the.final victory belongs to Britain.But at the same time he?makes it clear that not every day is an opportunity to take action:they have yet?to wait and persevere.
2.Refer to Paragraph 3.Because he thinks that both Triumph and Disaster are?deceptive in that people can make things out far worse than they really are?when they have a disaster and they can lose their vigilance when they are in?triumph.
3.When Britain came under the heavy air attacks by Germany,many other?nations thought that Britain was finished.As the country stood the ordeal to?their great surprise,those nations changed the view.
4:Refer to Paragraph 7,Because he has a strong conviction of victory.The two?terms have different implications.When used in the text to refer to the days of?war,"darker days"emphasizes the dark/negative side of the event and shows?the user's pessimism."Sterner days,"though identical in its reference,suggest?soptimism and pride in having the chance to rise to the challenge.
5.Refer to Paragraph 8.Yes,I do.By paying a visit to Harrow School and?making a speech there,Churchill not only encouraged the audience of his?speech but the British people in general to continue to fight rather than?surrender to their enemy.
Ⅲ
1.Britain has been in too long a period of stillness without taking any?particular action against the enemy.
2.We are sure to experience both Triumph and Disaster,but we must avoid?clouding our judgment through exaggerating their importance.
3.Never give in unless we are convinced that it is honourable and sensible for?us to do so.
4.Other nations thought that Britain was completely conquered.
5.We will win as long as we hold on to the end
Structural analysis of the text?In Part 2(Paragraphs 2-5)Churchill outlined the lessons to be leaned fromthese events and how they had proved other countries wrong about Britain.InPart 3(Paragraphs 6-8)he told the audience that he wanted to change a word inthe additional verse of the school song and explained why he wanted to do it.
Rhetorical features of the text
The following antonyms are used in the speech:ups-downs,short-
long,triumph --disaster,great-small,large-petty,dark day-great days.Someof these antonyms (e.g.great-small large --petty)are used to express thedetermination of the British people to fight on for the final victory,and some ofthem(e.g.dark days-great days)are used to encourage the audience not to losehope in the face of difficulties.
Vocabulary
I
1.gladden my heart
2.situation;circumstances
3.immense threat
4.splendid;heroic
5.sudden small movement because of pain or fear
?
Ⅱ
1.put through
2.addressed himself to
3.was going through
4.Throwing our minds back to
5.yielded to
6.close our account
7.ups and down
8.misfortunes
Ⅲ
1.catastrophically
2.deceptive
3.convictions
4.apparently
5.Perseverance
6.desperation
7.unflinchingly
8.courageous
IV
1.cheered
2.petty
3.persevered
4.menace
5.great
6.conviction
7.deceptive
8.post
V
1.threat (danger)
2:happy (successful)
3.position
4.seemingly
5.defeat (failure)
6.retreat(shrink,withdraw)
7.praise (commend,laud)
8.destroy
VI
1.current
2.shown
3.frequently
4.depressed
5.try harder
6.takes in
Grammar
I
1.The school teaches shorthand,book?keepingeand the use of business?machines.
2.The sentence is cult to understand not because of the technical vocabularybut because of the faulty syntax.
3.The Allies decided to invade Italy and then to launch a massive assault onthe Normandy coast.
4.The actor was stunned not only by the noise of booing but also by the sightof flying tomatoes.
5.Smoking cigarettes can be as dangerous as playing Russian roulette.
6.The trip to the city is neither long nor expensive.
7.The course consists of several lectures,three written reports,and twoimpromptu oral presentations.
8.The requirements for a chemistry degree are not as strict as therequirements I those for a medical degree.
Ⅱ
1.We are not so poorly armed today;but then we were very poorly armed.
2.I wanted to do so last year,but I did not venture to.
3.Secretaries do not want flowers but the recognition of their abilities to helpmanagement to get more done at less cost,which contributes to profitability.They would,therefore,like to be recognized as professional coworkers.
4.In Medieval times intelligent men frequently became priests.They did so togain influential positions,for,in spite of the number of bishops from royalfamilies,the Church was a democratic institution in which ability couldmake its way.
5.I miss the open fire now that most houses now have central heating.Central heating provides warmth but it does not provide a focal point in a room,which depresses me.
公部
Ⅲ
1.visiteddiscoveredhad been added
2.stoodwere finishedwere gone
is
IV
1.e.g.To me it seems that he has neglected his duty.
2.e.g.The neighbors are noisy,unbearably noisy,and we really have to think ofmoving.
Translation搜公眾號
工
1.但我們必須學會同樣善于應付短暫而干脆與漫長而艱難的局面
2.人們普遍認為英國人最終總是會勝出的
3.其他國家認為英國輸得一無所有了
4.一年前，我們孤軍作戰(zhàn)，許多國家都以為我們被徹底打敗了
Ⅱ
1.You cannot tell merely from appearances whether things will turn outunfavourable to us or not.
2.The solider,who stood in the gap in every battle,gained the highest honourof the country.
3.They are well-to-do now,but along the way they had their ups and downs.
4.There are two questions to which I will address myself in this lecture.
5.We are planning a big farewell party in your honour.
6.Hearing that tune threw my mind back to my childhood?
Ⅲ
他們告訴我們：我們很弱小沒有力量對付如此強大的敵人但是我們什么時候才能強大一些呢是下個星期嗎?是明年嗎是我們完全被解除武裝之時嗎?猶豫不決無所三故英罰作為就能使我們積聚力量嗎我們仰面而臥，心存虛妄之想，直至讓敵人捆住我們的手公眾腳，這樣我們就能找到有效的抵御辦法嗎?先生們，假如我們適當地運用造物主賦予我們的力量，我們就不弱小們擁有300萬為爭取神圣自由而武裝起來的人民，我們擁有這樣的國家，這是敵人可能派遣來的任何軍隊都無法戰(zhàn)勝的戰(zhàn)爭的勝利不僅僅屬于強者，還屬于警覺的人們活躍的人們、無畏的人們先生們，我們已別無選擇。即使我們卑躬屈膝，指望從戰(zhàn)爭中脫身，也為時已晚除非屈服，淪為奴隸，我們沒有退路!戰(zhàn)爭已迫在眉睫讓它到來吧!先生們，請允許我重復一遍：讓它到來吧!
Exercises for integrated skills
All through these dark winter months/the enemy have had the power /todrop three or four tons of bombs upon us /for each ton we could send foGermany in return./We are arranging /so that presently this will be ratherthe other way around,/but meanwhile/London and our big cities have had tostand their pounding./They remind me of the British squares at Waterloo./They are not squares of soldiers,/they do not wear scarlet coats;/they arejust ordinary English,Scottish and Welsh folk,/men,women and children,/standing steadfastly together./But their spirit is the same,/their glory is the?same /and,in the end,/their victory will be greater than far-famed Waterloo.
Ⅱ
L?O?I?F?H K?J?C?D?A
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