1. 體裁解讀
這兩中考作文對(duì)于演講稿的考查越來(lái)越多，它要求學(xué)生對(duì)這種題材作文要有全面掌握。
發(fā)言稿是參加會(huì)議者為了在會(huì)議或重要活動(dòng)上表達(dá)自己的意見、看法或匯報(bào)思想、工作情況而事先準(zhǔn)備好的文稿。它可以用來(lái)交流思想、感情，表達(dá)主張、見解；也可以用來(lái)介紹自己的學(xué)習(xí)、工作情況和經(jīng)驗(yàn)等。發(fā)言稿可以分為演講稿、倡議書、歡迎辭、歡送辭等形式。
發(fā)言稿具有宣傳、鼓動(dòng)、教育和欣賞等作用，它可以把演講者的觀點(diǎn)、主張與思想感情傳達(dá)給聽眾以及讀者，使他們信服并在感情上產(chǎn)生共鳴。
2. 寫作攻略
發(fā)言稿的基本組成部分有三個(gè)：稱呼語(yǔ)、正文和結(jié)束語(yǔ)。正文部分提出話題、論述、然后得出結(jié)論或者發(fā)出倡議。
發(fā)言稿的寫作可以遵循以下步驟：
第一步：自我介紹并點(diǎn)明發(fā)言主題；
第二步：闡述問(wèn)題或列舉現(xiàn)象，進(jìn)行總結(jié)或提出解決辦過(guò)
第三步：禮貌性結(jié)束。
??寫作模板
模板① 演講稿
Boys and girls/Ladies and gentlemen,
Good morning/afternoon/evening. I am ___________（自我介紹）. It is a great honor for me to make a speech on ___________（演講題目）/ Thank you for giving me the opportunity to make a?speech here.?The topic of my speech is?___________（演講題目）.?In my opinion, as ___________, ?___________ is important. First, we should ___________ (做法一）. Then, we'd better ___________（做法二）.What's more, ___________（做法三）.
I hope I have made myself understood. Thank you for your listening.
【模板范文】
Boys and girls,
Good morning. I am?Li Lei. Thank you for giving me the opportunity to make a speech here. The topic of my speech is?"How to keep healthy".?In my opinion,?as?middle school students,?keeping healthy is important.?First,?we should?do more exercise such as playing ball games,?running,?swimming?and jumping rope.?Then,?we'd better?pay attention to our diet.?Don't eat too much meat and sugar but more vegetables and fruit.?And keeping enough sleep is also important.?What's more,?we?should keep ourselves happy.?As people often say,?"Smiling makes?people younger.”
I hope I have made myself understood.?Thank you for?your listening.
模板② 倡議書
Dear schoolmates,
It is known to us all that ___________. Let's do something to ___________（倡議內(nèi)容）.
As students, we should ___________. First, we had better ___________（做法一）. Second, we should ___________（做法二）. Third, we hope that ___________（做法三）. Fourth, we should ___________（做法四）.
In sum, we should do much more things, so that ___________（結(jié)果）.
??????????????????????????????????????___________（落款）
【模板范文】
Dear schoolmates,
It is known to us all that?the world is having problems with?money.?It's not easy for our parents to make money.?Let's do?something to?help them.
As students,?we should?try our best to save money.?First,?we?had better ride?a bike to school rather than take a taxi.?Second,?we should?bring lunch to school instead of buying food.?Third,?we?hope that?everyone wears clean school uniform rather than expensive clothes.?Fourth,?we should?drink water as much as possible?instead of soft drinks.
In sum,?we should do much more things,?so that?we could?save more money for our parents.
Students’?Union
亮點(diǎn)詞匯搭配
1. 與演講相關(guān)
speech n.?演講 quote?n.?&?v.?引用
presentation n.?陳述；報(bào)告 report v.?報(bào)告
topic n.?話題 point n.?觀點(diǎn)，論點(diǎn)
2. 關(guān)于倡議的目的及內(nèi)容
in order to... 為了…… let's... 讓我們……
be supposed to... 應(yīng)該…… for the purpose of... 為……的目的
3. 表示總結(jié)
in general 總的來(lái)說(shuō) in a word 總體來(lái)說(shuō)
in sum 總之 to sum up 總之
4. 其他
aspect n.?方面 opportunity?n.?機(jī)會(huì)
open our minds 開闊思維 play online games 玩線上游戲
the more...the more... 越……越……
經(jīng)典句子背誦：
開頭句 ?
1.?I am going to be speaking about something that is very?important to all of us.
??今天我要演講的內(nèi)容對(duì)我們所有人都很重要。
2.?It is a great honor for me to make a speech on...
??我很榮幸能就……進(jìn)行演講。
3.?Thank you for giving me the opportunity to make a speech?here.
??感謝大家給我機(jī)會(huì)讓我在此演講。
4. The topic of my speech is... 我演講的主題是……
中間句 ?
1.?I will divide this topic into five main aspects.
??我將分5個(gè)主要方面談?wù)撨@個(gè)主題。
2.?We all ought to be aware of the following points.
??我們都應(yīng)該意識(shí)到以下幾點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。
3.?The most important point to make is that we are old?enough to help our parents do some housework.
??最重要的一點(diǎn)是我們足夠大了，可以幫助父母做一些家務(wù)。
4.?Another aspect is that doing housework makes us?relaxed and we will be happy for ourselves.
??另一點(diǎn)是做家務(wù)會(huì)使我們放松，我們也會(huì)為自己感到高興。
5.?I?would like to focus on the problem of...
??我想把重點(diǎn)集中在……問(wèn)題上。
6. That's all I want to say about... 關(guān)于……我就講這些。
7.?To sum up,?helping our parents with some chores is?our duty.
??總之，幫助父母做家務(wù)是我們的責(zé)任。
8.?It can not only open our minds,?but also make us cleverer.
??它不僅能開闊我們的思維，還能使我們變得更聰明、更快樂(lè)。
9.?The more we read,?the more we will learn,?and the brighter our future will become.
??我們讀書越多，學(xué)的就越多，我們的將來(lái)就越光明。
10.?However,?some students spend much?time in listening to music, watching TV or playing online games.
???然而，一些同學(xué)花費(fèi)了很多時(shí)間聽音樂(lè)、看電視或者玩在線游戲。
結(jié)尾句 ?
1.?I hope I have made myself understood.?Thank you for your listening.
??希望我所說(shuō)的大家都聽明白了。感謝大家的聆聽。
2.?I hope this can give you some idea of...
??關(guān)于……，我希望這能給大家一個(gè)清晰的思路。
3.?Thank you from the bottom of my heart for giving me?this chance to speak to you today.
??我從心底感謝你們今天給了我這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)在你們面前講話。
4.?Let's start?reading now.?And let?it?become a part of our life!
??讓我們現(xiàn)在開始讀書吧。讓讀書成為我們生活的一部分！
（一）【2019 ?貴州省畢節(jié)市】
每年的?6 月?6 日是我國(guó)的“愛(ài)眼日”，可見保護(hù)中小學(xué)生的視力非常重要，為此，學(xué)校將在英語(yǔ)文化節(jié)期間舉行一場(chǎng)“愛(ài)眼日”英語(yǔ)演講比賽。請(qǐng)你寫一篇英語(yǔ)演講稿，談?wù)勀銓?duì)保護(hù)視力重要性的認(rèn)識(shí)和建議。
內(nèi)容如下：
1. 保護(hù)視力的重要性（請(qǐng)寫?1 點(diǎn)）；
2. 對(duì)保護(hù)視力的建議：（1）閱讀時(shí)注意用眼衛(wèi)生；（2）少用電子產(chǎn)品；（3）?？淳G色植物；（4）做眼保健操；（5）多做戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)。
要求如下：
1.?結(jié)構(gòu)完整，表達(dá)通順，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，書寫清晰；
2.?文中不得出現(xiàn)任何真實(shí)的人名，學(xué)校名等信息；
3.?詞數(shù)?80 左右。開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
參考詞匯：
Sight Day?愛(ài)眼日；electronic products 電子產(chǎn)品；eye-protecting exercises 眼保健操
Dear friends,
June 6 is our country’s Sight Day.?______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
【寫作思路】
本文屬于話題作文，談?wù)勀銓?duì)保護(hù)視力重要性的認(rèn)識(shí)和建議。根據(jù)要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容確定并準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài)，上下文意思連貫，符合邏輯，可適當(dāng)增加內(nèi)容。
【參考范文】
Dear friends,
June 6 is our country’s Sight Day. As we all know, eyes are windows of the soul. Everyone understands the importance of the eyes. But now more and more students are getting near sighted. So how to protect eyes still remains a question. Here is some advice on how to protect your eyesight.
You should not keep your eyes working for two long when reading, you should keep the book about a foot away from you. After reading for an hour or two, you’d better have a rest by working in the distance or looking at the green plants to make your eye relax. You ought to remember not to read in dim light or in the sun. Don’t read in a moving bus or in bed. Besides, try to use less electric products. What’s more, doing eye-protecting exercises will help you keep good eye sight. Last but not least, we can also try to do more exercise in our spare time.
Only by doing these simple things can we keep good eyesight.
【點(diǎn)睛】
寫作時(shí)可以從以下幾個(gè)方面做起：
認(rèn)真審題。審好題是寫好書面表達(dá)的關(guān)鍵。審題時(shí)要注意試題的要求，抓住要點(diǎn)，詞數(shù)符合要求。
構(gòu)思提綱。有了提綱，我們就可以根據(jù)提綱和主題確定相關(guān) 寫作材料。通常書面表達(dá)給出的話題是開放的，而具體的內(nèi)容要求學(xué)生自己發(fā)揮，因此選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)乃夭囊彩鞘苟涛闹行耐怀?、明確的關(guān)鍵。
初寫短文。一切都準(zhǔn)備就緒，就可以動(dòng)筆寫作了，在寫作的過(guò)程中我們要注意句子的準(zhǔn)確性、連貫性以及簡(jiǎn)潔性。使用的詞語(yǔ)、短語(yǔ)及句型盡量用自己有把握的詞。同時(shí)還要注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞，使句子銜接自然。
修改潤(rùn)色。修改潤(rùn)色是獲取高分的必要步驟。這一步我們除了檢查短文的各種錯(cuò)誤外，還要檢查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)是否合理，有無(wú)重復(fù)、啰嗦的語(yǔ)言，大小寫是否正確，格式是否正確，詞數(shù)是否符合要求等。
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