Unit 5?Think before you eat
詞匯講解
1.?sound ??v．聽起來好像
???????His ideas sounded great．他的主意聽起來不錯(cuò)。
【拓展】n．聲音
???????They heard strange sounds from the next flat．他們聽到隔壁的公寓里有一些奇怪的聲音。????
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2. vegetarian ?n．素食者
??????She turned from a meat—eater to a vegetarian．她從一個(gè)肉食者變成了一個(gè)素食者。
?????????????adj．素食者的
?????????He opened a vegetarian restaurant．他開了一家素食餐館。
【拓展】???vegetarianism n．素食主義
???????????vegetable n．蔬菜
??????????Vegetables are good to our health．蔬菜對(duì)我們的健康有益。
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3. influence?v．影響
???????His decision to study physics in university was influenced by his Physics teacher
他的物理老師對(duì)他決定在大學(xué)里學(xué)習(xí)物理起了影響作用。
【搭配】n. 影響????have influence on／upon對(duì)……有影響????
??????Her friends，words have a great influence on her behaviors．她朋友的話對(duì)她的行為有很大的影響。
【拓展】?influential有影響的;有權(quán)勢(shì)的
Majority people believe she is the most ?Influential member of the committees.
她被大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為是委員會(huì)里最具影響力的成員。
Influential friends helped him to get a good job. 有權(quán)勢(shì)的朋友們幫他弄到一份美差。?
an influential newspaper ???有影響的報(bào)紙
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4. crowd v．聚集
????Shoppers crowded into the store．買東西的人涌人商店。
【搭配】??be crowded with擠滿了……
??????The bus is crowded with passengers．公交車上擠滿了乘客。
【拓展】n．人群??
??????????A big crowd gathered on the road．馬路上聚集了一大群人。
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5．appetite n. 食欲
???Proper exercising will increase one’s appetite for food．適當(dāng)?shù)倪\(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)增進(jìn)一個(gè)人的食欲。
【拓展】n．強(qiáng)烈欲望
【搭配】??have an appetite for喜歡；愛好
????????He has an appetite for oil—painting．他非常喜歡油畫。
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6．contain v．包含
?????Beer contains alcoho1．啤酒含有酒精。
【拓展】①辨析include和 contain
★include: 包括；包含???指在整體中能明確界定的幾個(gè)部分。
The health club includes a gym,?swimming pool, and locker room.?健身俱樂部包括體操房，游泳池和更衣室。
???????Our ten-day tour includes?a visit to New York. ??我們十天的旅行包括參觀紐約。
【注意】?including 可以作介詞連接介詞短語。試比較：
Many women were waiting to buy that kind of cloth, including my mother.
Many women were waiting to buy that kind of cloth, my mother included.
??????????★contain: 包含，含有，裝有?(含有某種成分，容器的容量等)
??????The bowl contains a variety of fruit. 碗里裝有各種水果。
??????This bottle contains two glasses of beer. 這個(gè)瓶子裝了兩杯啤灑。
??????This kind of fruit contains?much vitamin-c.
????????????②container n．容器；集裝箱
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9．energy ?n．精力；活力，能量；能源
??????He is a person full of energy．他是一個(gè)充滿活力的人。
??????He is interested in studying machines operated by solar energy．他對(duì)研究由太陽能運(yùn)行的機(jī)器感興趣。
??????Oil is a precious source of energy．石油是一種寶貴的能源。
【拓展】?energetic adj．精力充沛的
???????After a long flight，he still appeared energetic．在長(zhǎng)途飛行后，他仍然顯得精力充沛。
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【辨析】????energy \??power \?strength?\ force
energy 原是物理學(xué)上的術(shù)語“能量”, 用于人時(shí)則指“精力”, 精力；活力，能量；能源
He worked with great energy. ?他以巨大的精力工作。?
power 力的總稱?：①力量,能力??②權(quán)力,勢(shì)力,控制力;政權(quán)
the power of nature 自然力
【搭配】??come to [into] power 掌權(quán);得勢(shì)
the party in power 執(zhí)政黨
????have the power to?do ?有……的能力
She is said to have the power to foretell the future 據(jù)說她有預(yù)測(cè)未來的能力
strength ?指個(gè)人的力,力量,體力
a man of great strength 大力士
?????????I don't have the strength to lift this box 我沒有力氣提起這個(gè)手提箱
force ?武力，暴力
??????do sth by force ?通過武力做某事
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10．variety ?多種多樣, 變化；多樣化
????????Her essay lacks variety．她寫的文章缺乏變化。
【搭配】??a variety of多種多樣的????
??????????varieties of
???????The shop has a variety of children clothes,這家小店有各種各樣的兒童服裝。
【拓展】?various adj．各種各樣的
??????The store sells various kinds of toys．這家小店出售各種各樣的玩具。
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11．advise?v．建議
【搭配】????advise somebody to do something建議某人做某事
????????????advise doing something建議做某事????
????????????advise somebody on something向某人提供關(guān)于……的建議
????????????advise?that sb( should )do sth. 建議某人做
??????The manager advised them to carry out the project as soon as possible．經(jīng)理建議他們盡早實(shí)施這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。
??????He advises thinking carefully before making the final decision．他建議在作最終決定前要仔細(xì)考慮。
??????The teacher advised the students on how to write term essays．老師教學(xué)生們?nèi)绾螌憣W(xué)期論文。
【拓展】??①advice?n．意見；勸告?(不可數(shù))
【搭配】???take one’s advice??聽從某人的勸告
???????????follow one’s advice?
???????You should take others’ friendly advice．你應(yīng)該聽從別人友好的勸告。
??????????②adviser ?n．顧問
???????Her mother works as an adviser．她母親的工作是顧問。
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12．increase v．增加????
??????The village is increasing fast in population．這座村莊的人口在迅速增長(zhǎng)。
【拓展】n．增加；增長(zhǎng)
Because of excel lent performance last year，he has received an increase in salary．
由于去年有出色的表現(xiàn)，他獲得了提薪。
【搭配】on the increase ?在增長(zhǎng)中
????????on the decrease 在減少中
【注意】?increase的反義詞是decrease?
????The number of the club members decreased from 1，000 to 200．這家俱樂部的會(huì)員人數(shù)從1 000人減少到200人。
????A big decrease in sales caused the bookstore to close．銷售量大減使這家書店關(guān)門了。
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13．intelligent?adj．聰穎的；有才智的
?????Her son is very intelligent．她的兒子非常聰明。
【拓展】?intelligence n．聰明；智力；情報(bào)
???She asked her son to solve the problem by using his own intelligence．她讓兒子自己動(dòng)腦筋去解決這個(gè)問題。
???He used to be an officer in intelligence．他過去曾是一名情報(bào)官員。
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14. source???①?(河的)源頭;水源 ?②根源;來源[(+of)]
Do you know the source of Amazon River? 你知道亞馬遜河的源頭嗎?
They are required to publish the sources of their campaign funds. 他們必須公布自己競(jìng)選經(jīng)費(fèi)的來源。
練習(xí)：
Section A： Choose the right answer
1. We have ?feelings about moving so far away.
A. mixing B. mix C. mixture D. mixed
2. John _, but Mike works harder.
A. is equal to Mike in brains B. equals to Mike in brains
C. is equally as clever as Mike D. is equal clever as Mike
3. The doctor told me that I'd probably have a heart unless I started eating less.
A. illness B. damage C. break 
D. attack
4. Sea water a certain amount of salt.
A. contains B. concludes C. forms D. takes
5. Tourism is the city's greatest of income.
A. origin B. resource C. source D. way
6. According to some educational experts, the most ______________?students do not necessarily?perform best in exams.
A. intelligent ??????B. developed ???????C. effective ????????D. fashionable
7. All of us went to the seaside, with John and Peter .
A. including B. included C. consisted ????????D. contained
8. You would be ?a risk to let your child go to school by himself.
A. omitting B. attaching C. affording ????????D. running
9. ?They have ?a trip to Hangzhou this summer.
A. decided on B. decided taking ???C. decided for D. decided at
10. Not surprisingly, the process of choosing names widely from culture to culture.
A. differs B. changes C. ranges D. varies
11. Color-blind people often find it difficult to ?between blue and green.
A. separate B. ?tell C. compare D. contrast
12. A healthy life is frequently _________ to be associated with the open countryside and homegrown food.
A. regarded B. thought
C. looked on D. thought of
13. She was complaining that the doctor was charging _________ for the treatment he was giving her.
A. much too B. too much C. too hard D. too little
14. _________ we can make laws to protect certain animals, we are frequently unable to control the environment.
A. While B. When C. However D. Despite
15. Is it _______ to expose your skin too much to the sunlight?
A. advisable B. advised C. profitable D. proposal
16. The animals you eat had to spend their lives ?together in tiny spaces, so they can?easily get sick.
A. crowding B. crowded
C. being crowded D. overcrowding
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Keys: ?1. DADAC ??6. ABDAD???11. BBBAA ??16. ?B
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Section B：?Fill in the blanks with suitable words or phrases from the list given below.?Change the form where necessary.
|
astronaut??? influence?? appetite ??tiny ????vegetarian
contain ???pesticide ???increase ??variety ????source?
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1.??My Physics teacher__________my decision to study science.
2. ?The baby has a good ??__________ ?; so it can eat a lot.
3. ?The album ?__________ ?many memorable songs.
4. ??His employer has__________his wages.
5. ?The farmer plans to spray(噴撒) the__________ on the fruit trees tomorrow.
6. ?There're three__________ in the spacecraft.
7. ?This shop sells a _________of toys.
8．?Where is the _______ of the Nile.
9. ??She became a strict __________ two years ago because she thought herself too fat.
10. ?The baby put its __________ hand in mine.
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Keys:??1. influenced ??2. appetite ??3. contains ??4. increased ???5. pesticide ????
6. astronauts ??7. variety ???8. source ???9. vegetarian ???10. tiny
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Section C：Translation:
1. 這個(gè)演講包括一些有趣的思想。（contain）
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2. 他過去住在這里，但現(xiàn)在不再住在這里了。（no long）
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3. 這輛公共汽車?yán)飻D滿了乘客。（crowd）
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4. 我的胃空空的，卻沒有食欲。（appetite）
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5.順便問一下，你能在去超市的路上幫我買本雜志嗎？（way）
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6. 我可以不喝茶，而喝咖啡嗎？（instead of ）
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7. 你的建議聽起來很可行。（sound）
8. 農(nóng)民應(yīng)該保護(hù)羊不被狼吃掉。（ought to ）
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9. 這家新超市經(jīng)營得非常成功，這使得附近一些小店業(yè)主不得不出盤歇業(yè)。（have to）
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10. 他們不僅影響了我們這一代，而且會(huì)影響到子孫后代。(influence)
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Keys:
1. The speech contained some interesting ideas.
2. He used to live here, but he no more lives here now.
3. The bus was awfully crowded with passengers.
4. My stomach is empty but I have no appetite.
5. By the way, can you buy me a magazine on your way to the supermarket?
6. Can I drink beer instead of tea?
7. Your proposal sounds quite feasible.
8. Farmers ought to protect the sheep from wolves.
9. The new supermarket has been so successful that some small shopkeepers nearby have to sell up.
10. Not only have they influenced our generation but they will also influence
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A
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( )?20. This is an advertisement of .
A. inquiring (調(diào)查) English learning ?????????????B. setting Open University
C. selling books ???????????????????????????????????D. attracting students
( )21. As a student of the Open University, you don't need to .
A. buy any course materials
B. have lessons all the time at the university
C. choose which course to learn
D. pay any money for your study
( )22. The Open University can supply you with .
A. a course for training you English ??????????B. a classroom and a library for study
C. different kinds of free instructions ?????????D. different jobs to choose from
?????????????????????????????????????????????
B
Douglas Grace talks about his ideal city of the future.
I see the city of the future in three zones—inner, middle and outer. In the inner zone there will be no private cars. Public transport will be free and there will only be ambulances, fire engines, taxis and police cars. This inner zone will be the residential (住宅的) and recreational (娛樂的) area of the city. People will live there and go out to enjoy themselves— to cinemas and restaurants. There will be parks and open spaces, trees and lakes, schools and universities. This way, when people are at home, they can go out easily and safely.
Just outside the inner zone there will be big car parks for all private cars.
The banks and most of the shops and hospitals will be in the middle zone. These are things that people don't need every day.
All the factories and offices will be in the outer zone. People will travel out of the center?to work, and back to the center in the evenings. The inner zone will be cleaner and better to live in and there will be more space for industry on the outside.
This is my ideal city of the future—a very beautiful place! But I don't really think things?will ever be like that!
( )23. Where will people live and go out to enjoy themselves?
A. ?In the middle zone. B. In the inner zone.
C. In the outer zone. D. In the inner and middle zone.
( )24. Where will big car parks be?
A. Just outside the middle zone. B. Just inside the middle zone.
C. Just outside the inner zone. D. Just inside the inner zone.
( )?25. What will be in the middle zone?
A. The banks, hospitals and schools.
B. The banks, hospitals and police stations.
C. The banks, schools and car parks.
D. The banks, hospital and most of the shops.
( ????)26. Where will the factories and offices be?
A. In the outer zone. B. In the middle zone.
C. In the inner zone. D. In the middle and inner zone.
Keys：20. DBC ??23. BCDA
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