Passage1

The greatest recent social changes have been in the lives of women. During the twentieth century ???1 ???of women's life has been spent in ???2 ?????children. A woman marrying at the end of the 19th century would probably have been in her middle twenties, and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived????3 ???they were five years old. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which custom, opportunity and health made it????4 ???for her to get????5 ???work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman's youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five years old and is????6 ???to take paid work until retirement at sixty. Even while she has the care of children, her work is ??????7 ????household machines and convenience foods.

This important change in women's life pattern has only recently begun to have its full ???8 ????on women's economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first??????9 ????, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they got married, they usually left work at once and?????10 ????returned to it. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen. Many girls stay at school after that age, and though women marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly ?????11 ????their first child is born. Very????12 ????afterwards return to full or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage,

??????13 ????the husband accepting a greater??????14 ???of the duties and satisfactions of family life, and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money and?????15 ????the home, according to the abilities and interest of each of them.

( ) 1. A. much less B. much more C. part D. much

( ) 2. A. caring for B. dealing with C. bringing D. instructing

( ) 3. A. after B. when C. as D. till

( ) 4. A. common B. easy C. unusual D. unnatural

( ) 5. A. extra B. physical C. mental D. paid

( ) 6. A. likely B. possible C. ready D. reluctant

( ) 7. A. added to B. burdened with C. lightened by D. completed with

( ) 8. A. dependence B. effect C. illustration D. reliance

( ) 9. A. choice B. opportunity C. sight D. thought

( )10. A. never B. permanently C. presently D. shortly

( )11. A. after B. as C. before D. until

( )12. A. few B. many more C. much D. little

( )13. A. because B. if C. provided D. with

( )14. A. advantage B. bit C. share D. weight

( )15. A. building B. feeding C. making D. running

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1. A ?到了20世紀(jì)．，婦女一生中花在照顧孩子上的時(shí)間少了，故此題答案應(yīng)該是much less。

2. A ?caring for“照顧”。

3. D ?till“直到”。養(yǎng)了七八個(gè)孩子，其中有四五個(gè)只活到五歲。

4. C ?unusual“不平常的”。

5. D ?paid work“有報(bào)酬的工作”。上了一定歲數(shù)的母親做有報(bào)酬的工作在當(dāng)時(shí)是很少見的。

6. A ?“可能做某事”應(yīng)該是be likely to do something，而不是be possible to do something，故此題答案是likely。

7. C ??lightened by“被家用機(jī)器和方便食品減輕負(fù)扭”。

8. B ??have effect on.“對(duì)…，．．有影響”。

9. B ??at the first opportunity意思是“不失時(shí)機(jī)地，一有機(jī)會(huì)”。

10. A ?never從不。

11. C ?before意為工作到生養(yǎng)第一個(gè)孩子前不久。

12. B ?many more6‘更多的”。

13. D ?with“具有”。

14. C ?a share of the duties是“一份義務(wù)或責(zé)任”。故此題答案是share。

15. D ?run the home“持家”，故答案是running。

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Passage 2

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Do the old people in the United States like to live alone? No doubt some of them do. Or at least some of them??????1????living alone to the changes and ????2?????needed to live with others. Independence is, after all, the chief and most honored 3??????????in this country. The idea, deeply rooted in us early, ????4?????even when we can, quite?????5 ????, no longer "stand on our own feet." When our aging parents' need for help grows too obvious to?????6 ???, we say they are beginning to "fail". Losing one's independence is, for Americans, a?????7?????thing. And needing help, we know, evoke in our potential helpers pity,????8 ????and fear.

We are all, through our lives, a?????9??????to others. From the moment of ?????10 ????, we are nourished?and nurtured by others. As adults we learn to pay for or negotiate our?????11 ????needs, but the fact????12 ????that it takes an ????13 ????army of other people to grow our food, clean our clothes, maintain our?roads, fuel our furnaces. When we marry, we accept another's pledge to stick with us in sickness and?health,?????14 ???and poverty. The load we lay on others only becomes visible, less????15 ???, as we age.

1. A. favor B. appreciate C. like D. prefer

2. A. failures B. compromises C. fashions D. balances

3. A. manner B. custom C. habit D. virtue

4. A. maintains B. persists C. insists D. retains

5. A. virtually B. usually C. basically D. literally

6. A. emphasize B. meet C. cater D. ignore

7. A. shameful B. pity C. ashamed D. shame

8. A. frustration B. interest C. passion D. pleasure

9. A. burden B. responsibility C. relief D. requirement

1. A. perception B. deception C. conception D. reception

2. A. common B. independent C. actual D: mutual

3. A. stays B. remains C. manifests D. reveals

4. A. variety B. invisible C. abundant D. forceful

5. A. booming B. hospitality C. property D. prosperity

6. A. deniable B. considerable C. unbearable D. feasible

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   Keys: ?1-5． ABCAD ?6-10. CABBD ??11-15. CABCA

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   Passage 3???????

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   Generally speaking, a person needs eight hours of sleep every night. There is certainly something????1 ???between each other, but most people???2 ???six to nine hours’ sleep. Some often say how ???3 ???sleep they need. They even???4 ????????out that some great men, just ???5 ???Napoleon and Edison, need only a few hours.???6 ???, however, have proved most famous men may sleep ???7 ???than others.

   Among the students who find it hard to ???8 ????morning classes on time, scientists have also???9 ???there\ re many who either go to bed too late or ???10 ???more than eight hours sleeping. Many people, in fact, work best ???11 ???nine hours’ sleep.

   Certainly it is wrong to say only the ???12 ???few hours of sleep can do a person good and the rest is ???13 ???.On the other hand, most people feel ???14 ??after oversleeping. That is to say, most people ???15 ???at their best after a night sleep which is neither long nor short.

   ( ) 1. A. same B. strange C. different D. unusual

   ( ) 2. A. take B. supply C. get D. make

   ( ) 3. A. less B. little C. much D. bit

   ( ) 4. A. explain B. show C. let D. point

   ( ) 5. A. as B. with C. like D. for

   ( ) 6. A. Teachers B. Nurses C. Students D. Scientists

   ( ) 7. A. longer B. shorter C. deeper D. no more

   ( ) 8. A. have B. reach C. catch D. get

   ( ) 9. A. known B. thought C. found D. wanted

   ( )10. A. spend B. cost C. take D. need

   ( ) 11. A. on B. for C. with D. in

   ( )12. A. rememberable B. first C. important D. deep

   ( )13. A. useful B. bad C. better D. wasted

   ( )14. A. happy B. sorry C. lazy D. pleasant

   ( ????)15. ??A. understand B. think C. look D. feel

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   答案解析

   1. C??be different between..是固定短語，意為“……之間有所不同”。

   2. A??take表示“花費(fèi)（時(shí)間做某事）”。

   3. B ?根據(jù)下文的例子說偉大的人need?only a few hours可知，此處是說自己需要很少的睡眠時(shí)間。

   4. D??point out意為“指出”。

   5. C??like意為“像……一樣”，是介詞。

   6. D ?由句子謂語have proved可知，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有D符合語境，是“科學(xué)家”。

   7. A??however是表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連接詞，此處應(yīng)與前文之意相反，句意為“許多科學(xué)家都比別人睡的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)”。

   8. B ?意為“上早課時(shí)能準(zhǔn)時(shí)趕到”。reach表“到達(dá)”地點(diǎn)。catch(趕上)的對(duì)象多指運(yùn)動(dòng)的事物；用get表“到達(dá)”應(yīng)加介詞to。

   9. C ??前文有have proved，意為“證明出”。also用在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前表示“也，同樣”，答案應(yīng)與prove意思相近，故選擇found表示“找出，發(fā)現(xiàn)”。

   10. A ?“spend+表示時(shí)間的名詞+(in)doing”意為“花時(shí)間去做某事”。

   11. A??on nine hours' sleep意為“在九個(gè)小時(shí)的睡眠之后”。

   12. B??the first衰示“先前的”，與之呼應(yīng)的是the rest（剩余的，剩下的）或the?last(最后的)。

   13. D ?本句意為：“前幾個(gè)小時(shí)睡眠對(duì)人是有好處的，而剩余的睡眠是種浪費(fèi)，顯然這種說法是錯(cuò)誤的。”

   14.C ?本句意為“超長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的睡眠使人懶惰”。

   15. D ?句意為：“大多數(shù)人在既不短也不長(zhǎng)的睡眠之后會(huì)感到狀態(tài)極佳。”

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   Passage 4

   What happens if we ignore the importance of breakfast?

   One recent study ????1??????in the United States tested a large number of people. Participants included both males and females who????2 ?????in age from 12 to 83. During the experiment, these people were given a?????3 ????of breakfasts, and sometimes, they had to????4?????breakfast completely. Special tests, including blood tests and endurance tests, were set up to ???5 ????how well the participants' bodies functioned when they had eaten a ????6 ????kind of breakfast.

   The results showed that if a person eats an adequate breakfast, he or she will work more efficiently and more?????7 ?????than if he or she skips breakfast or eats a very poor breakfast. This fact appears to be especially true if a person's work?????8 ????mental activity. The study showed that if????9 ????eat fruit, eggs, bread, and milk before going to school, they will learn more quickly and will be able to?????10????their lessons for a longer period of time than if their breakfast diet is?????11??????????.

   The study also showed that, ???12?????to what many people believe, if you skip breakfast, you will not lose weight, this is because people become so hungry if they skip breakfast that they eat too much for lunch and????13????gaining weight instead of losing. So remember, if you are on a????14 ???, skipping breakfast will not help you. You will probably lose more weight if you reduce your other?????15 ???.

1. A. selected B. cultivated C. conducted D. restricted

2. A. reached B. controlled C. occupied D. ranged

3. A. difference B. portion C. quantity D. variety

4. A. substitute B. assemble C. skip D. uncover

5. A. analyze B. explore C. response D. handle

6. A. sure B. certain C. solid D. limit

1. A. productively B. subsequently C. automatically D. sincerely

2. A. absorbs B. include C. implies D. involves

3. A. administrators B. schoolchildren C. professors D. operators

1. A. base on B. depend on C. concentrate on D. persist on

2. A. potential B. inadequate C. abnormal D. indefinite

3. A. contrary B. particular C. absolute D. similar

4. A. result from B. conclude with C. end?up D. lead to

5. A. diet B. weight C. loss D. menu

6. A. packages B. banquets C. meals D. affairs

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   Keys: ?1. CDDCA ???6. BADBC ??11. BACAC

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   Passage 5

   The goals of public health are to prevent human disease, injury, and disability; protect people ?????1 ??environmental health hazards; promote behaviors??????2 ?????lead to good physical and mental health; educate the public about health; and assure availability of high-quality????3 ????services.

   Public health systems?????4?????in different parts of the world, depending upon the prevalent health problems in the ??5 ??????world, where sanitation ?problems and limited medical resources persist, infectious disease are the most significant threat to public health. Public health officials devote????6 ???to establish sanitation systems and immunization programs to????7 ???the spread of infectious diseases, and provide routine medical care to rural and isolated populations. In industrialized nations, sanitary food and water suppliers and excellent????8????resources have reduced rates of infectious diseases. ?????9????, accidents and diseases such as lung cancer, heart attacks, and strokes are among the??????10????causes of death. In these areas, public health ????11 ???include education programs to teach people how to prevent accidents and lessen their risk for disease, and the maintenance of the ????12 ????disease prevention systems already established.

   Public health workers may engage in activities outside the range of ordinary medical practice.

   These ????13????inspecting and licensing restaurants; checking the safety of housing, water, and food supplies. In assuring overall community health, public health officials also????14????advocates for laws and regulations — such as during licensing or product labeling requirements.

   Most people think of public health workers as physicians and nurses,????15????a wide variety of other professionals work in public health, including sanitary engineers, microbiologists, laboratory technicians, statisticians, economists, administrators.

1. A. of B. from C. off D. away

2. A. that B. in which C. when D. where

3. A. education B. public C. medicine D. health

4. A. change B. offer C. vary D. maintain

5. A. developing B. developed C. following D. continued

6. A. public health B. medicine C. resources D. significant

7. A. expend B. control C. save D. collect

8. A. medicine B. medical C. health D. healthy

9. A. But B . However C . Instead D. ?Instead of

1. A. important B. different C. leading D. ordinary

2. A. idea B. success C. goals D. results

3. A. good B. better C. most D. excellent

4. A. make B. include C. cause D. contain

5. A. perform upon B. perform as C. act upon D. act as

6. A. but B. so C. and D. then

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   Keys: 1—5 ???BADCA ??6—10 ??CBBCC ??11—15 ??CDBDA

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   Passage6

   Many cities around the world today are heavily polluted. Careless methods of production and ????1????of consumer demands for environment friendly products have????2 ???the pollution problem. One????3????is that millions of tons of glass, paper, plastic, and metal containers are produced, and these are difficult to get rid of.

   ?????4 ????, today, more and more consumers are choosing "green" and demanding that the products they buy should be safe for the environment.????5 ???they buy a product, they ask questions like these: "Will this shampoo damage the environment?" "Can this metal container be????6 ????or can it only be used once?"

   A recent study showed that two????7?????five adults now consider the environmental safety of a product before they buy it. This means that companies must now change the ????8 ????they make and sell their products to make sure that they are "green," that is, friendly to the environment.

   Only a few years ago, it was impossible to find green products in supermarkets, but now there are hundreds. Some supermarket products????9 ???labels to show that the product is green. Some companies have made the manufacturing of clean and safe products their main selling?????10?????and emphasize it in their advertising.

   The?????11 ????for a safer and cleaner environment is making companies rethink?????12 ????they do business. No longer will the public accept the old ?????13 ?????of "Buy it, use it, throw it away, and forget it." The public???14 ????is on, and gradually business is ????15 ????its act.

1. A. short B. lack C. lots D. varieties

2. A. applied to B. exposed to C. contributed to D. devoted to

3. A. possibility B. chance C. effect D. result

4. A. Therefore B. Furthermore C. Similarly D. ?However

5. A. Before B. If C. After D. Unless

6. A. friendly B. safe C. reused D. returned

7. A. of B. or C. from D. out of

8. A. method B. way C. means D. approach

9. A. carry B. take C. include D. make ??????

1. A. advantage B. point C. technique D. attraction

2. A. concern B. hope C. care D. plan

3. A. what B. how C. whether D. when

4. A. saying B. opinion C. attitude D. fashion

5. A. pleasure B. discussion C. pressure D. interest

6. A. cleaning away B. cleaning out C. cleaning off D. cleaning up

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   Keys: 1—5 ???BCDDA ??6—10 ??CDBAB ???11—15 ??ABCCD

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