U4 Entertainment-more reading
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新課講解
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1.surprise ?n． ???
???①意想不到(或突然)的事；令人驚奇的事(或消息等)
????· The soldiers made a surprise attack at the enemies．士兵們突襲了敵人。
???②驚奇；驚訝 ???
????· We looked at each other in surprise．我們驚訝地看著對(duì)方。
??【 必背】
????to one’s surprise 使某人感到驚訝的是
??·To our great surprise, she got all the answers right and won the contest．
使我們大為驚訝的是，她答對(duì)了所有的問(wèn)題并贏得了比賽。
??【拓展】
???① v．使驚奇；使感到意外
???·Her words greatly surprised the guests present at the party．她說(shuō)的話讓參加聚會(huì)的賓客們感到非常意外。 ???
???② surprised adj. ?感到驚奇的；感到意外的 ???， ???．
???·His parents were surprised at his answer．父母對(duì)他的回答感到意外。 ???，
???③ surprising adj．使人驚奇的；出人意料的
???·It is surprising for her to hear that she has been promoted to the general manager．
聽(tīng)說(shuō)自己已經(jīng)被提升為總經(jīng)理使她感到意外。
???
2．faint ??v．昏厥
???【常用搭配】 ???
????faint from由于……而昏厥
????·She fainted from hunger．她餓昏過(guò)去了。
???【拓展】
????① n．昏厥
???【常用搭配】fall into a faint昏倒
????·When hearing the sad news, she fell into a faint．
聽(tīng)到這個(gè)悲傷的消息后，她昏倒了。
????②adj．虛弱的；微弱的；(顏色)淡的 ???
??·Their voices grew fainter and fainter．他們的聲音變得越來(lái)越輕。
??·There is a faint light in the distance． 遠(yuǎn)處有一束微弱的燈光。
??·When she walked past me, I smelt a faint smell of perfume．她從我身邊經(jīng)過(guò)的時(shí)候，我聞到了一股淡淡的香水味。
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3. gasp ???v．(因驚訝或害怕)喘著氣說(shuō)
??·He came to the surface of the water, gasping for air．他浮上水面，大口喘氣。 ?【常用搭配】 ??
gasp at 對(duì)……大吃一驚(不由自主地倒抽一口氣) ???
·She gasped at the beautiful scenery．如此美麗的景色使她驚訝地屏住了呼吸。
【拓展】 n．喘氣 ??
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4. control ??n.控制
?【必背】
??be in control(of something) 控制著；掌管著
??be／get／run out of control失去控制
??be under control處于控制之下
??·The manager is in control of the project．經(jīng)理掌控著這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。
??·The situation seems to have run out of control．形勢(shì)似乎已經(jīng)失去了控制。 ?
??·It took the new teacher several months to bring the class under contro1．
新老師花了幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間才管住了這個(gè)班級(jí)。 ???
?【拓展】v．控制；掌管
??·He seems to be poor at controlling his temper．他似乎很難控制自己的脾氣。
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5．opposite ?prep．在……對(duì)面；與……相對(duì)
??·I sat opposite him during the meal．我吃飯的時(shí)候坐在他對(duì)面。
?【拓展】 ??
??①adj．對(duì)面的；相反的
??·They went away in opposite directions．他們朝相反的方向離開(kāi)。
??②n．對(duì)立面；對(duì)立物
??·Black is the opposite of white．黑色與白色正好相反。
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6．seat ?v．使坐下
??·He seated himself at a writing table and began to do the homework．他在寫(xiě)字臺(tái)前坐下，開(kāi)始做作業(yè)。
?【拓展】
??① v．坐得下……人
??·The hall can seat three hundred teachers and students．這個(gè)禮堂可以坐下三百名師生。
??② n．座位
??·He gave up his seat in the bus for an old lady．他把自己在公共汽車(chē)上的座位讓給了一位老婦人。
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7．make—up ?n．化妝(品)
??·It's not healthy for young girls to wear too much make—up．化濃妝對(duì)年輕女孩的健康有害處。
?【拓展】
??①n．構(gòu)成 ???
??·The make—up of the committee is five teachers and five professors．委員會(huì)由五名教師和五名教授組成。
?②make up ?組成；虛構(gòu)；彌補(bǔ)；化妝
??【必背】
???be made up of 由……組成
???make up for ??彌補(bǔ) ??????-
??·She is making up．她正在化妝。
??·This machine is made up of more than 600 parts．這臺(tái)機(jī)器由六百多個(gè)零部件組成。
·She studied hard in order to make up for wasted time．為了彌補(bǔ)浪費(fèi)的時(shí)間，她努力學(xué)習(xí)。
??·The story is made up．這個(gè)故事是虛構(gòu)的。 ??
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8．audience ???n．觀眾 ???
??·The audience applauded for 10 minutes．觀眾持續(xù)鼓掌了十分鐘之久。
??【拓展】n．聽(tīng)眾；讀者
??·A radio announcer may have an audience of hundreds of millions．一名廣播員可能擁有數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的聽(tīng)眾。
??·Her novels have reached a wide audience of young people．她的小說(shuō)已擁有了廣大的年輕讀者。 ???
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9．boom ?v．用洪亮而低沉的聲音說(shuō)
??·The famous singer’s voice boomed out, reaching to the back of the concert
hall．這位著名歌手的歌喉深沉響亮，一直傳到音樂(lè)廳的后面。
??【拓展】n．隆隆聲；繁榮 ???
??·The country is having a great boom in economy．
這個(gè)國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)正在蓬勃發(fā)展。
??·The boom of the explosion can be heard for miles．
爆炸的隆隆聲在幾英里外就能聽(tīng)到。
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10．It’s time for … ??
??·It's time for action．是該有所行動(dòng)的時(shí)候了。
【注意】 ???
該句型的意思是“是該干……的時(shí)候了。”time前省略了high。該句型的常用結(jié)構(gòu)有以下幾種：
???①I(mǎi)t is(high)time+動(dòng)詞不定式
???②It is(high)time+ for+ n．
???③It is(high)time+ for somebody+ to do something
???④It is(high)time+ that somebody did something(虛擬語(yǔ)氣) ???’
??·It is time to have class．該上課了。
??·It is time for breakfast．該吃早飯了。 ???’
??·It is time for her to tell us the truth. 是該她告訴我們真相的時(shí)候了。
??·It is time that we took action to fight against air pollution．是該我們采取行動(dòng)與大氣污染作斗爭(zhēng)的時(shí)候了。 ???
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11．ahead of ?領(lǐng)先 ??
??·Her grades were always ahead of the others in the class．
她的成績(jī)總是在班里名列前茅。 ???
??【拓展】在……之前
??·They finished the task several days ahead of the deadline．他們?cè)谧詈笃谙耷暗膸滋炀屯瓿闪巳蝿?wù)。
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12．beat ?????v．(beat，beaten)戰(zhàn)勝；擊敗
??·Their team beat ours．他們的隊(duì)伍戰(zhàn)勝了我們的隊(duì)伍。
【拓展】
???①v．& n．敲打
????·The waves beat against the rocks．海浪撞擊著巖石。
????·He was criticized by the teacher for beating his classmate on the head．
他因?yàn)榇蛄送瑢W(xué)的頭部而受到了老師的批評(píng)。
???②v．有規(guī)律地動(dòng) ???
????·She felt her heart beating quickly．她感到自己的心跳很快。
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13．still ?adj．靜止的 ???
??【必背】keep still ???
??·She found it hard to make the kids keep still．
她發(fā)現(xiàn)讓孩子們保持不動(dòng)是很難的。
??【拓展】adv．仍然；還 ??
??·There’s still time for you to change your mind．你還有時(shí)間改變主意。
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Sentences:
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1.so that:以便，所以；引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句
Eg：I’ll give you all the facts so that you can judge it by yourself.
我把所有的事實(shí)都給你以便你可以自己判斷。
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分開(kāi)的so that:
①后接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞
so+ adj.+ a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞that
?such+ a/an+ adj.+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that
Eg：It is so great a book that he can’t help buying it.
????It is such a great book that he can’t help buying it.
②后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞
such+ adj.+不可數(shù)名詞/名詞復(fù)數(shù)+that
Eg: They are such clever boys that the teacher can’t help playing with them.
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【趁熱打鐵】：
①.人們把當(dāng)?shù)氐纳痰昙拥降貓D里以便他們選擇合適的商店。
______________________________________________________________________
②.這是如此振奮人心的消息以至于大家聽(tīng)了都很開(kāi)心。
______________________________________________________________________
③.機(jī)器人是如此的聰明以至于幫助了人類(lèi)大忙。
______________________________________________________________________
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KEYS：
①.People marked the local shops into maps so that they can choose the suitable one.
②. It’s so exciting news that everyone are happy to hear it.
③.Roberts are so smart/clever that they help people a lot.
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2.what所字結(jié)構(gòu)：所…的，可以引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句以及表語(yǔ)從句
Eg：What you do can’t satisfy your parents.
你所做的事情滿足不了你的父母。
He really wanted you to do what your teacher told you.
他真的想要你做老師所告訴你的事情。
What he did isn’t what?he said.
他言行不一。
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【趁熱打鐵】：
①.他所告訴你的事情是假的。
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②.他不想得到你所喜歡的東西。
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KEYS：
①.What he told you was fake.
②. He didn’t want to get what you like.
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課堂練習(xí)：
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Ⅰ.Directions:?Complete the following sentences by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.
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1. Many medical students ________the first time they watch surgery.
2. My new car is__________. It's very fast and safe and looks wonderful.
3. To our great__________, not the well-known American actor but a young British
won the Best Actor Award.
4. It is?__________that she is the general manager's cousin.
5. The cameraman asked the man to _________ and say ' cheese'.
6. The mother?__________the baby after bathing it.
7. He tried to run away but gave up when he found himself
8. A beautiful crystal chandelier (水晶吊燈) is?__________from the ceiling in the
Shanghai Grand Theatre.
9. There is a growing?__________toward part-time employment in universities.
10. Make sure you?__________a visit to the new factory for all the guests.
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Ⅱ.Directions:?Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.
1.他悄悄的告訴我，瓊斯已被選為去美國(guó)的交流教師。(whisper)
?_____________________________________________________________________2.這張新發(fā)行的唱片是由一家享有盛名的公司錄制的。(record)
?_____________________________________________________________________3.導(dǎo)演叫化妝師給這位女演員臉上抹些粉。(powder)
?_____________________________________________________________________4.在參加比賽時(shí)，他由于緊張而昏倒了。(faint)
?_____________________________________________________________________5.他登上舞臺(tái)的時(shí)候，觀眾們?yōu)樗实难莩龆恼啤?/span>(clap)
?_____________________________________________________________________6.你安排了車(chē)到飛機(jī)場(chǎng)接我，這真是太周到了。(arrange)
?_____________________________________________________________________7.如果你不努力，你將一事無(wú)成。(achieve)
?_____________________________________________________________________8.她的英語(yǔ)比班上的其他同學(xué)都好。(ahead of)
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9.我們趕往發(fā)出吵鬧聲的地方。
?_____________________________________________________________________10.使我們驚奇的是，他在歌唱比賽中打敗了職業(yè)選手。
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KEYS：
Ⅰ1. faint ????????2. terrific ?????3. surprise ????4. whispered ???5. ?keep still ???
6. powdered ???7. surrounded ??8. suspended ??9. trend ???????10. arrange
Ⅱ 1. He whispered to me that Jones had been chosen to go to the U. S. A. as an exchange teacher.
2. The recently released disc was recorded by a company of high reputation.
3. The director asked the make-up artist to powder the actress's face a little.
4. When he took part in the competition, he fainted because of nervousness.
5. When he stepped onto the stage, the audience clapped their hands for his wonderful performance.
6. It's very considerate of you to have arranged for a car to pick me up at the airport.
7. If you don't work hard, you will achieve nothing.
8. She is ahead of the other students in class in English.
9. We rushed to where the noise came from.
10. To our surprise, he beat the professionals in the singing competition.
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課后作業(yè)
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Ⅰ.?Directions: ?Directions: After reading?the passages?below, fill in the blanks to make the passages?coherent?and grammatically?correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;?for the other blanks,?use one word that best fits each blank.
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After the birth of my second child, I got a job at a restaurant. Having worked with _____1_____ experienced waitress for a few days, I was allowed to wait tables on my own. All went well that first week. When Saturday night came, I _____2_____ (give) the tables not far from the kitchen. However, I still felt it a little hard to carry the heavy trays(托盤(pán)).
The restaurant was full of people _____3?_____I could realize that. I moved slowly, and minded every step. I remember how happy I was when I saw the tray stand near the tables; It had nice handles, _____4_____ (make) it easier to move around. I was pleased with everything and began to believe I was a natural at this job.
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Then, an old man came to me and said, “Excuse me, dear, my wife and I loved watching you work. _____5_____ seems that your tray stand has been very useful to you, but we are getting ready to leave now, and my wife _____6_____ wait to take her walker back.”
At first his message did not get across. “What _____?he _7______(?talk)about!” Then, I got it. I _____8_____(set) my trays on his wife’s orthopedic walker(助步器). My face was on fire. I wanted _____9_____（get）into a hole and hide.
Since then, I’ve learned that sometimes there’s no point _____10_____ (be) too sure of myself.
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Ⅱ.?Directions:?Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
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A. value ???B. shape ?????C. designed ????????D. understanding ????E. importantly ????F. economists ????G. response ?H. vast ???????I. connected ????????J. major ???????????K. amazingly
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Thirteen years after the launch of Taobao, China has risen to become the world’s second busiest online marketplace, behind only the United States. This is the kind of statistic that ???1 ???love, but it doesn’t really tell us anything about why so many people like to buy so many things online.
Is it because its easy? Is it because of the ???2 ???selection? Is it because we want to feel ???3 ???to others without leaving the house?
Taobao was in fact a ???4 ???to ebay’s entrance into the Chinese market in 2003. Jack Ma?(馬云) knew that he knew China better than the Americans did, and that Taobao could beat ebay at its own game here. He was right, and Jack Ma has helped to ???5 ??the nature of online commerce in China—what it looks like, how it works, and, most ???6 ??, who its users are.
Taobao’s aesthetic?(美學(xué)) is distinctive, and has influenced and inspired competitors in China and around the world. The way it works is also different from other ???7 ??online retailers?(零售店) . But the real genius of Taobao lies in its ???8 ???of its users. What it looks like and how it works, after all, were ???9 ???with the users in mind: a young, increasingly?“connected”?and increasingly wealthy Chinese generation.
When they designed Taobao, Jack Ma and his team realized that many young people in China strongly ???10 ???social interaction with their peers, so they made such interaction—everything from messaging to live chats to recommendations and reviews—a core part of the Taobao shopping experience. ?
???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????---14一模，嘉定區(qū)
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Ⅲ.?Directions: ?For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. ?Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
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When you are little, it’s not hard to believe you can change the world. I remember my enthusiasm when, at the age of 12, I addressed the delegates at the Rio Earth Summit. “I am only a child,” I told them. “Yet I know that if all the money spent on war was spent on ending poverty and finding environmental answers, what a wonderful place this would be. In school you teach us not to fight with others, to work things out, to respect others, to clean up our mess, not to hurt other creatures, to share, not to be greedy. Then why do you go out and do the thing you tell us not to do? You grown-ups say you love us, but I challenge you, please, to make your actions reflect your words.”
I spoke for six minutes and received a standing ovation. Some of the delegates even cried. I thought that maybe I had reached some of them, that my speech might actually spur(激勵(lì)) action. Now, a decade from Rio, after I’ve sat through many more conferences, I’m not sure what has been accomplished. My confidence in the people in power and in the power of an individual’s voice to reach them has been deeply shaken.
When I was little, the world was simple. But as a young adult, I’m learning that as we have to make choices — education, career, lifestyle — life gets more and more complicated. We are beginning to feel pressure to produce and be successful. We are taught that economic growth is in progress, but aren’t taught how to pursue a happy, healthy or sustainable(可持續(xù)的) way of living. And we are learning that what we wanted for the future when we were 12 was ideal and innocent.
Today I’m no longer a child, but I’m worried about what kind of environment my children will grow up in. I know change is possible, because I am changing, still figuring out what I think. I am still deciding how to live my life. The challenges are great, but if we accept individual responsibility and make sustainable choices, we will rise to the challenges, and we will become part of the positive tide of change.
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1. The purpose of what the writer said at the age of 12 was to _____.
A. end poverty and make school beautiful
B. find environmental answers and keep the words that they always told themselves
C. end poverty and solve the problems about environment
D. find a wonderful place and clean it up
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2. What does the underlined word “ovation” in the second paragraph refer to _____.
A. a long period of laughing ? B. a warm welcome
C. an expression used for greeting ?? D. a long period of clapping and applause
3. It becomes clear that the writer is possibly _____ now.
A. in his teens ? B. in his twenties ? C. in his thirties ? D. in his forties
4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
??? A. the writer thinks what he thought at the age of 12 is mature.
??? B. the writer’s children will certainly live in an ideal environment.
??? C. the writer’s confidence in the people in power has deeply shaken their voice.
??? D. the writer’s belief does not change when he grows up.
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Ⅳ.?Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.
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Being Left-handed in a Right-handed World
The world is designed for right-handed people, but why does a tenth of the population prefer the left? ______(1)
The answer to it remains a bit of a mystery. Since scientists have noticed that left-handedness tends to run in families, it’s assumed that left-handedness has a genetic ?（基因的）component to it. ______(2) In fact,
identical twins, who share the same genes, can sometimes prefer to use different hands. There are also plenty of theories on what else might determine which hand you write with, but many experts believe that it’s kind of random.
Historically, the left side and left-handedness have been considered a negative thing by many cultures. ______(3) In some areas, the left hand became known as the “unclean” hand. In many religions, the right hand of God is the favored hand. For example, Jesus sits at God’s right side. God’s left hand, however, is the hand of judgement. Various activities and experiences become rude or even signs of bad luck when the left hand becomes involved. In some parts of Scotland, it is considered bad luck to meet a left-handed person at the start of a journey. ______(4) A person giving directions will put their left hand behind them and even physically try to point with their right hand if necessary. In some Asian countries, eating with the left hand is considered impolite.
______(5) People come to realize that left-handedness is natural. People even noticed that many famous people are left-handed, including Benjamin Franklin, Leonardo Da Vinci, and Charlie Chaplin. Some researchers find out that lefties are more creative and can deal with abstract thinking better. The left-handedness is more easily adaptable to the right-handed world as well. Being left-handed is no longer a sad story now; instead, it is a wonderful gift or maybe it is something you should take pride in.
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A. In other words, left-handers are born that way.
B. Left-handedness used to be regarded as a disability.
C. The unfavorable associations of the use of the left hand among cultures are varied.
D. Why do they prefer to use their left hand rather than their right hand for routine activities?
E. Why do some parents force their left-handed children to become right-handed when writing?
F. In Ghana, pointing, gesturing, giving or receiving items with the left hand is considered rude.
G. Fortunately, nowadays most societies and cultures no longer reject left-handedness like before.
DACFG
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Ⅴ.?Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English. You are required to use the word given in the bracket for each respective sentence.
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1.政府必須找到有效政策來(lái)處理這一問(wèn)題。（effective）
_______________________________________________________________________________2.父母不應(yīng)該剝奪我們的樂(lè)趣。（rob…of）
_______________________________________________________________________________3.我們保證一個(gè)星期內(nèi)修好這個(gè)機(jī)器。（guarantee）
_______________________________________________________________________________4.他們能提供滿足你的最佳方案。（suit）
_______________________________________________________________________________5.杰克遜不想損害自己的名譽(yù)。（damage）
_______________________________________________________________________________
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KEYS:
1. an 2. was given 3. before 4. making??????????5. It 6. can’t????????????7.was ?talking 8. had set???????????9.to get 10. being
Ⅱ.
1-5:??F H I G B ????6-10: E J D C A
Ⅲ.1-4:CDBD
Ⅳ.?1-5:DACFG
Ⅴ.
1.The government must find an effective policy to deal with the problem.
2.Parents should not rob us of our pleasure.
3.We guarantee to fix the machine within a week.
4.They are able to offer you the best plan to suit your needs.
5.Jackson doesn’t want to damage his reputation/fame.
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