高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解類練D含答案
(滿分40分，限時(shí)35分鐘)(閱讀理解板塊練——練速度)
第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
(2017·貴州省普通高等學(xué)校招生適應(yīng)性考試)
Sea, sun, sand and South Africa：
readers'?favourite beaches
The Wild Coast?five-day hike from Kei Mouth to Coffee Bay in South Africa is surely the best experience for beach lovers.【出處：21教育名師】
Robben Island beaches
On a visit to the prison museum here, be sure to leave time to explore the island's beaches.Few visitors realise that the island's shores are the natural habitat of sizable penguins: enjoy watching them with far fewer tourists here.Bird life is plentiful and includes oystercatchers, ibis, egrets and cormorants.Sharks and dolphins can often be spotted offshore too.
Sand, sea and sculpture, Durban
There's more to Durban's Golden Mile than sunbathing and surfing.Not only is there a gallery of sand sculptures and drawings, but Lucas, one of the best local artists, offers lessons.His amazing rhino (犀牛) is the only permanent item in a frequently changing exhibition.Lucas charges a modest R50 (￡3) for a fun and surprisingly physical hour of creativity.Or, you could ask him to create a personalised sculpture for a special occasion.
Paternoster, Western Cape
Paternoster is?a small beach community about 150 km north of Cape Town.The town has a number of rentals (租賃), all the Cape Dutch architecture you could want for a weekend away and some great food.Long walks on the beach, eating and drinking and watching the fishing boats make for a peaceful break.And, unlike in Cape Town, you can dip your toes in the sea without your legs freezing solid.
語(yǔ)篇解讀：陽(yáng)光，海浪，沙灘……南非浪漫美妙的海灘對(duì)旅游度假的人們充滿了吸引力。試試看，總有一款適合你。
21．What is the suggested way for travelers to make their trips on the beaches?
A．By car. B．By boat.
C．On foot. D．By bicycle.
解析：選C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“The Wild Coast five-day hike from ...”可知，文章建議在海灘徒步旅行(hike)。21·cn·jy·com
22．Which destination is the best choice for a beach lover who likes animals?
A．Paternoster. B．Robben Island beaches.
C．Kei Mouth. D．Durban.
解析：選B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Few visitors realise that the island's shores are the natural habitat of sizable penguins”以及“Bird life is plentiful and includes ...Sharks and dolphins can often be spotted offshore too.”可知，在Robben Island beaches，人們可以看到各種鳥(niǎo)、鯊魚和海豚等動(dòng)物，因此適合動(dòng)物愛(ài)好者。
23．What can be learned about Durban?
A．It has a museum for ice sculptures and drawings.
B．Visitors can have their special sand sculptures made.
C．Rhinos can always be found everywhere on the beach.
D．Art lessons are given by local artists for a little money.
解析：選B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Or, you could ask him to create a personalised sculpture for a special occasion.”可知，游客可以讓藝術(shù)家為自己制作個(gè)性化的、特別的沙雕。
24．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To inform the government of environmental protection.
B．To attract businessmen to develop the beaches.
C．To share travel tips with beach lovers.
D．To introduce activities to art lovers.
解析：選C 寫作意圖題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容尤其是第一段可知，文章主要是跟沙灘愛(ài)好者分享一些旅游貼士。
B
(2017·蘭州市高考實(shí)戰(zhàn)模擬考試)My mother grew up in a small coal mining town in southwest lowa.My grandfather once told me that she knew no stranger and considered everyone in that community her friend.That attitude continued wherever she lived for the rest of her life.
As a young girl, I felt embarrassed and cringed (畏縮) every time my mother addressed strangers in the grocery store or on the city bus.She talked to everyone and offered a smile.
What really sold_me_on?Mom's approach to life was her experience on the senior bus, a story I've repeated to others many times.The weeks I could not be there, she used this low-cost transportation to the grocery store.After her first trip, I asked her how it went.
“Ha！”?she said, “I got on that bus and what did I see? Thirteen little old ladies and one old man, and not one word was spoken.”
I wondered how long it would be until the somberness (憂郁的氛圍) on that bus would change.On my next visit, Mom mentioned the ladies on the bus and something one of them had told her.
“Oh, are you talking with them now？”?I asked.
“Of course，”?she said.“One day I climbed up the steps of the bus and before I looked for a seat, I gave them a big smile and I said, ‘Isn't it a wonderful day？’?I noticed a few shy smiles.”www.21-cn-jy.com
Mom didn't give up.She?greeted them all each time she got on the bus and before long, the whole group was laughing and talking to one another.The bus became more than just transportation.
She's been gone?for ten years but I've carried on her recipe for life.I smile at people as I walk by and often begin a conversation in the checkout line.Silent, solemn (嚴(yán)肅的) people respond with smiles of their own and a bit of chatter.All it takes is for one person to initiate (發(fā)起) the smile or greeting.It was me who had done the smiling first and all those people had responded.My mother didn't lecture but taught me by example.She'd given me a recipe for life.
25. How did the writer's mother break the silence on that senior bus?
A．By telling the passengers some jokes.
B．By giving each one of the passengers a gift.
C．By greeting and smiling at all the passengers.
D．By asking the passengers some difficult questions.www-2-1-cnjy-com
解析：選C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段中的“I gave them a big smile”可知，母親在老年巴士上是通過(guò)對(duì)車上所有的乘客微笑來(lái)打破沉默的，故選C。21*cnjy*com
26．What does the?underlined phrase “sold me on” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Helped me find.
B．Persuaded me to accept.
C．Forced me to be against.
D．Encouraged me to give up.
解析：選B 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段的前兩句“She's been gone for ten years but I've carried on her recipe for life.I smile at people as I walk by and often begin a conversation in the checkout line.”可推知，作者接受了母親的人生態(tài)度并開(kāi)始向他人展示這種人生態(tài)度，故此處sold me on是指“說(shuō)服我接受”。
27．What can we infer from the passage?
A．The writer's mother liked going shopping.
B．The writer's mother used to be a good teacher.
C．The writer didn't like her mother when she was young.
D．The writer once doubted her mother's approach to life.
解析：選D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中作者和母親生活態(tài)度的對(duì)比以及第五段的第一句“I wondered how long it would be until the somberness (憂郁的氛圍) on that bus would change.”可推知，作者之前對(duì)母親的生活態(tài)度是有所質(zhì)疑的，故選D。
28．The writer wrote this passage in order to ________.
A．change the behavior and the thinking of its readers towards making friends【來(lái)源：21·世紀(jì)·教育·網(wǎng)】
B．analyze why people don't like communicating with each other in public places
C．convince people that it is important to know how to communicate with strangers
D．encourage people to break the barrier to communication and start conversations bravely
解析：選D 寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文章的整體內(nèi)容可知，母親通過(guò)經(jīng)常對(duì)他人微笑從而實(shí)現(xiàn)與他人的溝通，創(chuàng)造了一種和諧的交流氛圍，作者由此受益。由此可推知，本文的目的在于呼吁人們打破溝通的障礙，像作者的母親一樣勇敢地和他人交流，故選D。
C
(2017·安徽百所重點(diǎn)高中二模)In March, New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio ended a decade-long citywide ban on cellphones in public schools and left them to make up their own rules because he argued that by denying access for some students, the city was exacerbating (使加重) the achievement gap in students'?performance.
Two researchers from the London School of Economics, Richard Murphy and Louis-Philippe Beland argued that this might have the opposite effect because students are not generally using their phones to assist in their classroom work during school.“Schools could significantly reduce ?the education achievement gap by prohibiting cellphone use in schools, and so by allowing phones in schools, New York may unintentionally increase the inequalities of outcomes，”?they told CNN.
However, ?some educators ?have come ?to embrace the technology in their students'?pockets.Teacher Ken Halla has been teaching world history and Advanced Placement for 22 years but his students'?cellphones ownership forced him to adapt to his classroom dynamics where he no longer is the single authority ?lecturing, ?according ?to ?the ?National ?Education Association (NEA)．He now roams (漫步) the classroom and encourages students to ?use their cellphones to ?help them complete their assignments, this way they are less likely to let their devices distract themselves.
“It's harder to do negative behavior when the phones are out and the teacher is walking around，”?Mr.Halla told the NEA.“I've always been that_type_of_person?who likes to adapt and change as time goes on.Otherwise, I wouldn't still be teaching many years down the road.”
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。紐約市決定放開(kāi)在公立學(xué)校使用手機(jī)的禁令，此舉引起不同的反響。
29．Why was the ban on cellphones stopped in New York public schools?
A．Because it negatively affected students'?health.
B．Because it limited most students'?progress.
C．Because it brought about unexpected side effects.
D．Because it was requested by parents and students.
解析：選C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“because he argued that by denying access for some students, the city was exacerbating (使加重) the achievement gap in students'?performance”可知，紐約市放開(kāi)公立學(xué)校的手機(jī)使用禁令的主要原因是該禁令拉大了學(xué)生之間的學(xué)業(yè)差距，即產(chǎn)生了負(fù)面影響。故選C。
30．How did the two researchers find New York's act?21cnjy.com
A．Appreciative. B．Meaningless.
C．Impractical. D．Worrying.
解析：選D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“so by allowing phones in schools, New York may unintentionally increase the inequalities of outcomes”可知，這兩位研究人員(Richard Murphy和Louis-Philippe Beland)對(duì)紐約市的這一做法表示擔(dān)憂，認(rèn)為此舉可能加劇結(jié)果的不均衡，故選D。21世紀(jì)教育網(wǎng)版權(quán)所有
31．What is Halla's class like?
A．Students can solve problems using cellphones.
B．Students can use cellphones at will.
C．The class focuses on how to use cellphones.
D．He is the only center of the entire class.
解析：選A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“He now roams (漫步) the classroom and encourages students to use their cellphones to help them complete their assignments”可知，在肯·哈拉的課堂上，他鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生利用手機(jī)完成作業(yè)，故選A。
32．What does the underlined phrase “that type of person” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．A tolerant one. B．A humorous one.
C．An easy-going one. D．An open-minded one.
解析：選D 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段畫線部分后的定語(yǔ)從句“who likes to adapt and change as time goes on”可知，肯·哈拉是一位能接受新思想、與時(shí)俱進(jìn)的人，故選D。
D
(2017·鄭州第三次質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè))Lately, everywhere you look, people are running around with fitness trackers (健身追蹤器) on their wrists.Along with a smartphone and an accompanying app, these trackers can report how many calories you've burned and the distance you've traveled.Still curious about yourself? You can also learn the number of stairs you've climbed and steps you've taken.
Not one to resist peer?pressure, however, I paid $100 for a Fitbit Flex.I chose that brand on the basis of intense research: asking my friend Sari which tracker she was using.
The Fitbit website offered instructions on setting up my new tracker.I entered my height and gender (性別) and certain information I considered none of its business: birth date and weight.Then, I established goals.The American Heart Association recommends that we all walk 10,000 steps a day — about five miles, and so does Fitbit.I decided 6,000 steps was a good place for me to start.
I changed my tune when, on Day 1, I hit 6,000 steps and tiny LED lights flashed on my wristband.Confident enough now, I went back to my phone and upped my goal to 8,000 steps.So, I got a little obsessed (著迷)．On Day 5 at a department store, I decided to check my progress.My target number was just 275 steps away! I walked around the dress apartment watching my smartphone register each step I took.I hate to tell you how much pleasure this gave me.
Now I always wear my tracker, not because I've grown to love fitness but ?because I like being trendy ?and ?self-absorbed.Last night I was leaving a restaurant when Fitbit emailed to congratulate me on walking more than 10,000 steps.Who wouldn't love a gadget (小裝置) that turns your every footstep into an accomplishment?
33．Why do people wear fitness trackers while running?
A．To email information to others.
B．To follow the healthy trend.
C．To report the amount of exercise.
D．To tell them the right direction.
解析：選C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Along with a smartphone and an accompanying app, these trackers can report how many calories you've burned and the distance you've traveled.”可知，人們?cè)谂懿降臅r(shí)候，健身追蹤器能夠報(bào)告他們鍛煉的數(shù)據(jù)，故選C。【版權(quán)所有：21教育】
34．Why did the author?start from 6,000 steps when using the new tracker?
A．Because it is the best choice for beginners.
B．Because the author wasn't confident at first.
C．Because it is the suggestion from Fitbit Flex.
D．Because the friend Sari advised the author to do so.
解析：選B 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Confident enough now, I went back to my phone and upped my goal to 8,000 steps.”可知，作者起初把目標(biāo)定在6 000步是對(duì)自己信心不足的表現(xiàn)，故選B。
35．What does the author think of the experience of using the tracker?
A．Joyful and encouraging.
B．Tiring and changeable.
C．Painful and challenging.
D．Thrilling and relaxing.
解析：選A 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“I hate to tell you how much pleasure this gave me.”和最后一段最后一句“Who wouldn't love a gadget (小裝置) that turns your every footstep into an accomplishment？”可知，作者使用健身追蹤器的體驗(yàn)是愉悅且振奮人心的，故選A。
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第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
(2017·濟(jì)南模擬)While you are travelling abroad, cultural mistakes are more serious than linguistic mistakes, which can lead to serious misunderstanding and even ill feeling between individuals.__36__
·Touching Someone
__37__ In Mediterranean (地中海) countries, if you don't touch someone's arm when talking to them or if you don't greet them with kisses or a warm hug, you'll be considered cold.But backslap (拍背以示友好) someone who isn't a family member or a good friend in Korea, and ?you'll make them uncomfortable.In Thailand, the head is considered sacred — never even pat a child on the head.21教育網(wǎng)
·Talking over Dinner
In some countries, like China, Japan and some African nations, the food is the thing, so don't start chatting about your day's adventures while everyone else is digging into dinner.2-1-c-n-j-y
__38__ It's?not because your group is unfriendly, but because mealtimes are for eating, not talking.
·Removing Your Shoes or Not
Take off your shoes when arriving at the door of a London dinner party and the hostess will find you uncivilized but fail to remove your shoes before entering a home in Asia, Hawaii, or the Pacific Islands and you'll be considered disrespectful.So, if you see a row of shoes at the door, start undoing your laces.__39__
Once you?are on the ground of a different country, remain highly sensitive to native behavior.__40__ And don't feel offended if something seems offensive — like queue jumping.After all, this is a global village, and we are all very different.21·世紀(jì)*教育網(wǎng)
A．Personal space varies as you travel the globe.
B．Asians consider removing shoes impolite at home.【來(lái)源：21cnj*y.co*m】
C．Never be completely surprised by anything.
D．The linguistic mistake means that someone is not fully expressing his idea.21教育名師原創(chuàng)作品
E．Look out for the following cultural mistakes and try to avoid them.
F．If not, keep the shoes on.
G．You'll likely be met with silence.
36．選E 該空是一個(gè)過(guò)渡句，用來(lái)引出下文要提到的話題，起承上啟下的作用，故選E項(xiàng)。
37．選A 結(jié)合小標(biāo)題“Touching?Someone”及下文提到的不同國(guó)家對(duì)于觸碰有不同的習(xí)俗可知，不同的地方對(duì)個(gè)人空間的理解各不相同。故選A項(xiàng)。21*cnjy*com
38．選G 上文介紹在中國(guó)、日本和一些非洲國(guó)家，吃飯時(shí)不要閑談。由此可知，吃飯時(shí)要保持沉默，只有G項(xiàng)與此相關(guān)。故選G項(xiàng)。2·1·c·n·j·y
39．選F 該空與前一句是相反的情況，上文提到“如果你在門口看到一排鞋子，就松開(kāi)你的鞋帶”，接下來(lái)就應(yīng)當(dāng)描寫與之相反的情況，故選F項(xiàng)。
40．選C 從空后的“And don't ...like queue jumping.”可知，此空與下一句之間為并列關(guān)系，也應(yīng)是“不要……”，故選C項(xiàng)。
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