2017學(xué)年上海市浦東新區(qū)川沙中學(xué)高二年級第一學(xué)期英語期末考試試卷分析
Part 1 Listening （第一部分?聽力）
Part 2 Phonetics, vocabulary and grammar
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II. Grammar and vocabulary (20%)
section?A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word?that best fits each blank.
Heather loved the freedom of soaring high (1)______ the land and sea. She learned how to hang-glide from her boyfriend.
Initially, she (2)______ (scare) to death. The first time he took her up, she hung on for dear life. But by the end of that flight, she was hooked. Half a year later, she bought her own hang-glider.
Almost every weekend, she drove to Torrey Pines and leaped off the cliff. She?(3)______ ?soar to La Jolla in less than five minutes. She liked to fly over the town. She would wave at kids (4)______ (point) and looking up at her, and they would shout and wave back excitedly.
One day she was returning to the launch site?(5)______?she noticed a red hawk rapidly approaching her. It briefly disappeared. Then she heard its claws ripping the wing’s fabric. It flew off. But the next thing she knew, it (6)______(fly) straight at her. She turned out of?(7)______?way, but (8)______ scared?her was that it dove at her again.
She had to evade its attacks four times before she was able to land safely. Even after she landed, it circled overhead, as if daring her to fly again. What did I do to you, she wondered.
As she drove home, she found out (9)______ lucky she had been. The radio news reported (10)______ in Australia, a hang-glider had been attacked by not one, but two, eagles.
Maybe it was something in the air, Heather thought.
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【答案】1.above ?2.was scared??3.could??4.pointing??5.when??6.was flying??7.its??8.what ?9.how??10.that
【分析】
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考查介詞，高于陸地和海洋。
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考查謂語，被嚇?biāo)?，被動?/span>
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考查情態(tài)動詞，表示過去的能力。
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考查非謂語，主動指向。
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考查時間狀語從句。
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考查謂語，它正向她徑直飛來。
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考查代詞，Turn out of使…離開，將…趕走。
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考查主語從句，從句卻主語。
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考查賓語從句，形容詞提前。
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考查賓語從句，從句不缺成分不缺意思。
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Section B
Directions:?Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be use only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
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A.majority ?B.survived ??C.laundry ??D.successfully ?E.convenience ?F.personal G.expanding ???H.objection ?I.quickly ??J.terminals ?K.dedicated ?
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Small communities, with their distinctive character where life is stable and intensely human are disappearing. Some have vanished from the face of the earth, others are dying slowly, but all have undergone changes as they have come into contact with an??1 ??machine civilization. The merging of diverse peoples into a common mass has produced tension among members of the minorities and the??2 ??alike.
??The Old Order Amish, who arrived on American shores in colonial times, have?3??_ in
the modern world in distinctive, small communities. They have resisted the homogenization process more ?4 ??than others. In planting and harvest times one can see their bearded men working the fields with horses and their women hanging out the ?5 ??in neat rows to dry. Many?American people have seen Amish families with the men wearing broad brimmed black hats and the women in long dresses. In railway or bus__?6 ?.Although the Amish have lived with industrialized America for over two and a half centuries. They have moderated its influence on their ?7 ???lives, their families, communities, and their values.
??The Ami share often perceived by other Americans to be relics of the past who live a simple, inflexible?life ?8 to inconvenient out-dated customs. They are seen as abandoning both modem???9 ?and the American dream of success and progress, But most people have no quarrel with the Amish for doing things the old-fashioned way. Their conscientious ??10 was?tolerated in wartime. For after all，They are good farmers who practice?the virtues of work and thrift.
【答案】1-5 GABDC ??6-10 JFKEH
【分析】
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根據(jù)句法，這里需要一個形容詞，expanding擴(kuò)張的，這里翻譯為擴(kuò)張的機(jī)械文明。
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考查名詞，majority和前面的minorities相對應(yīng)。
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考查動詞，這里指Old Order Amish在現(xiàn)代社會幸存下來。
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考查副詞，比其他人更成功
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考查名詞，這里指女人在路上晾衣服。
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考查名詞，這里指火車和汽車的終點站。
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考查形容詞，這里指個人的生活。
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考查形容詞，這里指獻(xiàn)身于不便利的過時的習(xí)俗。
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考查名詞，和前面的inconvenient形成對比，所以這里用從conveniences
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考查名詞，這里指反對。
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III. Reading Comprehension
Section A （15%）
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
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Section A
Directions:?For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
High-end taxi services are widely used in big cities across China. Their being well received has been fueled by the success of taxi-hailing apps like Didi and Kuaidi. But at present, there are no laws to ??37 ???the safety and legal rights of _38_ who use these services, since high-end taxis _39_ operate without a government license.
This has also cast _40_ on whether the services offered by international taxi apps like Uber and other local rivals are "legal" according to current laws in China. A motion raised by Deputy Zhang Yubiao at this year's National People's Congress aims to address this _41_?loop-hole." High-end taxis are one category of taxis, and the only difference is the lack of government ??42 _. We should have an open attitude towards the new service and _43 _ its innovation. Since it has the market demand, we should consider ??44_ it."
Unlike traditional taxis, high-end taxis can only be _45_ using smart-phone apps. They _46_ a high-end richer market that pays higher rates for more customized services.NPC Deputy and transportation expert Cheng Dehong says high-end taxis should not be _47_ as illegal black cabs run by individuals. "In the past, we only saw the negative side of the high-end taxi service, since we always highlighted the safety concerns, tax evasion issues and other _48_ activities. But given the huge demand for high-end taxies, we should look at its _49_ side. We can ?_50_ many of the problems with new regulations and _51_ commuters a safer, more convenient taxi service."
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37. A.keep ???????????????? ??B.offer??????????????????????? ??C. give????????????????????? ???D. guarantee
38. A.operators??????????? ?B.passengers??????????????? C. drivers???????????????????? D. managers
39. A.extraordinarily??? B.currently???????????????? ?C. swiftly????????????????????? D. regularly
40. A.doubts??????????????? ?B.challengers?????????????? C. conflicts?????????????????? ?D. thoughts
41. A.legal?????????????? ?????B.clear????????????????????????? C. similar?????????????????? ??D. basic
42. A.assistance??????????? B.investigation???????????? C. supervision????????????? D. cooperation
43. A.reform??????????????? B.prevent??????????????????? ??C. enhance??????????????????? D. encourage
44. A.promoting????????? B.employing??????????????? ?C. applying?????????????????? D. legalizing
45. A.rode????????????????? ??B.booked???????????????????? ?C. subscripted???????????????D. served
46. A.change?????????????? ?B.satisfy????????????????? ????? C. demand????????????????? ? D. threaten
47. A.classified??????????? B.known?????? ???????????????? C. exchanged???????????????D. interpreted
48. A.efficient??????????????B.high-end????????????????? ??C. illegal????????????????????? D. financial
49. A.negative????????????? B.influential??????????????? ??C. careful?????????????????????D. positive
50. A.arise????????????????? ??B.raise??????????????????????? ???C. resolve???????????????????? D. display
51. A.approve???????????????B.improve?????????????????? ??C. increase???????????????????D. offer
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【答案】1-5 DBBAA ?6-10 CDDBB ?11-15 ACDCD
【分析】
1.詞義考察，這里指沒有法律保證乘客的安全和合法權(quán)利。
2.詞義考察，這里指沒有法律保證乘客的安全和合法權(quán)利。
3.上下文語境，這里指目前是沒有政府授權(quán)的。
4.上下文語境，這里指對它是否合法有懷疑。
5.上下文語境，這里指解決法律漏洞。
6.詞義辨析，這里指缺乏政府監(jiān)管。
7.上下文語境，這里指抱著開放的態(tài)度鼓勵創(chuàng)新。
8.上下文語境，這里指考慮把它合法化。
9.詞義考察，這里指用手機(jī)APP下訂單。
10.詞義辨析，這里指滿足高端人群的需求。
11.上下文語境，這里指不能把它歸類到黑車。
12.上下文語境，這里指除了上文的其他違法活動。
13.上下文語境，這里指看它積極的一方面。
14.詞義考察，這里指用新規(guī)定解決許多問題。
15.詞義考察，這里指給用戶提供一個更安全更方便的服務(wù)。
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Section B（24%）
Directions:?Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.
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A
Iceland, an island just south of the Arctic Circle, has fairly mild winters, ?thanks to warm ocean currents. Time your vacation here during the winter months to take advantage of off-season deals.
?Off-season means good deals on flights, hotels and tours. You may also find that the locals are a bit friendlier and more welcoming when tourists aren’t arriving in crowds.
?In the winter months, there are less than seven hours of daylight; thus, chances are good you’ll catch sight of the northern lights. Sunsets are also beautiful at this time, making for some great photo opportunities.
?In Iceland, winter is the perfect time to hike glaciers, go ice climbing, explore caves made out of hardened lava(巖漿) and much more. One of the most popular activities is off-roading(越野比賽) in a specially-equipped “super jeep”.
?Before booking your trip, be sure to check for volcano alerts. There are about 130 volcanoes on or around Iceland. Thirty-five of them are active. In 2010, a volcano named Eyjaallajokull exploded, sending clouds of ash up to four kilometers into the atmosphere. The ash drifted toward the UK and Europe. Because the ash could damage aircraft engines, airlines operating in the region were forced to cancel flights for six days. As a result, thousands of people were stuck in airports.
?Recently, another volcano named Bardarbunga has become active, erupting ash into the air. Such events, if large enough, could prevent your trip from going ahead. So check the latest volcano news prior to making your reservations.
1.According to this article, why are you more likely to see the northern lights in the winter?
?A. They move from rural areas to cities. ??????B. The weather is more stable at that time.
?C. They’re a special feature of many festivals. ?D. The sky is dark for longer periods then.
2.According to the article, how do visitors to Iceland have fun in the winter?
?A. They learn how to ski down the mountains.
?B. They photograph famous historic sites..
?C. They explore the countryside in well made vehicles..
?D. They spend a week at one of the seaside resorts.
3. What is true about the volcanoes of Iceland?
?A. The majority of them are quiet. ??B. Their age hasn’t been determined.
?C. All but one of them are extinct. ???D. Citizens aren’t affected by them.
4.What is true about the volcanoes of Iceland?
?A. The majority of them are quiet.?? B. Their age hasn’t been determined.
?C. All but one of them are extinct. ???D. Citizens aren’t affected by them.
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【答案】1-4 DCA
【分析】
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根據(jù)文章第三段的第一句話In the winter months, there are less than seven hours of daylight; thus, chances are good you’ll catch sight of the northern lights冬天北方白天短，夜晚長，這就是人們?yōu)槭裁丛诙旄菀卓吹奖狈诺墓饩€的原因。在冬天，冰島每天的日照時間不到7小時，因此游客可能看到北極光。那么可以推斷看到北極光的原因是晝短夜長。故選D
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根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞是have fun in the winter，定位在第四段：…h(huán)ike glaciers, go ice climbing, explore caves made out of hardened lava(巖漿) and much more. One of the most popular activities is off-roading(越野比賽) in a specially-equipped?“super jeep”.可看出游客玩得愉快是因為可以坐在特制的車上探索美麗的鄉(xiāng)村，所以答案選C。
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根據(jù)文章第五段的There are about 130 volcanoes on or around Iceland. Thirty-five of them are active可知130座火山，只有35個是活火山，大部分都是安靜的。故選A。
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A冰島的郊區(qū)文化吸引力；B一種去冰島降低費用的方法；C.6、7月份訪問冰島的原因；D到冰島短期旅游的平均價格。根據(jù)文章的前兩段，特別是第二段關(guān)鍵句Off-season means good deals on flights, hotels and tours可知該文主要介紹的去冰島旅行的降低費用的方法。全文討論了冰島淡季旅游，包括機(jī)票更加便宜，可以看極光，可以各種游樂，那么可以總結(jié)為“冰島低價旅行”，所以答案選B。
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(B)
In the past，falling oil prices have given a boost to the world economy，but recent forecasts for global growth have been toned down（不容樂觀），even as oil prices sink lower and lower．Docs that mean the link between lower oil prices and growth has weakened？?
? Some experts say there are still good reasons to believe cheap oil should heat up the world economy．Consumers have more money in their pockets when they're paying less at the pump．They spend that money on other things，which stimulates the economy．?
? The biggest gains go to countries that import most of their oil like China，Japan，and India，But doesn't the extra money in the pockets of those countries'consumers mean an equal loss in oil producing countries，cancelling out the gains？Not necessarily，says economic researcher Sara Johnson．?"Many oil producers built up huge reserve funds when prices were high，so when prices fall they will draw on their reserves to support government spending，and subsidies（補(bǔ)貼）?for their consumers．"?
?? But not al!oil producers have big reserves．In Venezuela，collapsing oil prices have sent its economy into free-fall．?
? Economist Carl Weinberg believes the negative effects of plunging oil prices are overwhelming（壓跨）the positive effects of cheaper oil．The implication（牽連）is a sharp decline in global trade，which has plunged（暴跌）partly because oil-producing nations can't afford to import as much as they used to．?
?? Sara Johnson acknowledges that the global economic benefit from a fall in oil prices today is likely lower than it was in the past．One reason is that more countries are big oil producers now，so the nations suffering from the price drop account for a larger share of the global economy．?
? Consumers，in America at least，are acting cautiously with the savings they're getting at the gas pump，as the memory of the recent great recession（經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退）is still fresh in their mind．And a number of oil-producing countries are trimming their gasoline subsidies and raising taxes，so the net savings for global consumers is not as big as the oil price plunge might suggest．?
1．What does the author mainly discuss in the passage？
A．The reasons behind the plunge of oil prices．?
B．Possible ways to stimulate the global economy．?
C．The effect of falling oil prices on consumer spending．?
D．The impact of cheap oil on global economic growth．?
2．Why do some experts believe cheap oil will stimulate the global economy？
A．Manufacturers can produce consumer goods at a much lower cost．?
B．Consumers will spend their saving from cheap oil on other commodities．?
C．Lower oil prices have always given a big boost to the global economy．?
D．Oil prices may rise or fall but economic laws are not subject to change．?
3．What happens in many oil-exporting countries when oil prices go down？
A．They use their money reserves to back up consumption．?
B．They suspend import of necessities from overseas．?
C．They reduce production drastically to boost oi1 prices．?
D．They try to stop their economy from going into free-fall．?
4．How does Carl Weinberg view the current oil price plunge？
A．It is one that has seen no parallel in economic history．?
B．It still has a chance to give rise to a boom in the global economy．?
C．Its negative effects more than cancel out its positive effects．?
D．Its effects on the global economy go against existing economic laws．?
5．Why haven't falling oil prices stimulated the global economy as they did before？
A．People are not spending all the money they save on gas．?
B．The global economy is likely to undergo another recession．?
C．Oil importers account for a larger portion of the global economy．?
D．People the world over are afraid of a further plunge in oil prices．
【答案】1-5 DBACC?
【分析】
1．D 主旨大意題．根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容falling oil prices have given a boost to the world economy，but recent forecasts for global growth have been toned down可知，油價的下降對世界經(jīng)濟(jì)有一個影響，下文分別講述了影響的大小，故答案為D．?
2．B 細(xì)節(jié)題．根據(jù)第二段They spend that money on other things，which stimulates the economy．?
這句話可知，油價下降了，消費者把錢花在其他地方，刺激了經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，故答案為B．?
3．A 細(xì)節(jié)題．第三段when prices fall they will draw on their reserves to support government spending，and subsidies（補(bǔ)貼）?for their consumers告訴我們當(dāng)油價下降時，出口國會給消費者發(fā)放補(bǔ)貼，故答案為A．?
4．C 判斷推理題．根據(jù)文章Economist Carl Weinberg believes the negative effects of plunging oil prices are overwhelming（壓跨）the positive effects of cheaper oil這個經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為，消極影響大于積極的，故答案為C．?
5．C 細(xì)節(jié)題．Sara Johnson acknowledges that the global economic benefit from a fall in oil prices today is likely lower than it was in the past這句話提到全球經(jīng)濟(jì)從油價下降獲得的好處遠(yuǎn)比以前要少的多，故答案為C．
(C)
Genetic testing offers people insight into the types of diseases they are most likely to develop — but a new study suggests most people do not alter their lifestyles based on this information. These tests — known as genome sequencing — analyze a person's DNA, telling patients about their known risk for diseases like cancer or diabetes. But being told you’re at a higher risk for lung cancer doesn’t seem to motivate anyone to quit smoking or alcohol, this study suggests. Because of this, the scholars argue that genetic testing should be banned as a tool for improving people's health.
Today’s finding came from pulling data from 18 other studies that followed people after they received the results of genetic tests. Receiving information about genetic risks didn’t inspire people to eat differently, exercise more, or stop smoking, "Expectations have been high that giving people information about their genetic risk will empower them to change their behavior, but we have found no evidence that this is the case," study author Theresa Marteau, director of behavior and health research said in a press release.
Genetic testing, which the National Institutes of Health says costs anywhere from $100 to $2,000, has become much more accessible as commercial testing companies such as 23andMe and Sure Genomics have sprung up. These companies are not allowed to share disease risk estimates? with consumers thanks to the Food and Drug Administration. ?However, today’s study didn’t specify whether the genetic testing were purely from academic sequencing, or if any of these companies had had a role in supplying the data.
Genetic testing doesn’t get people to change their behavior for the better, but it doesn't have any known negative effects either. Knowing the results of these tests didn't change people's depression or anxiety levels. And there's no indication that testing inspires people to pick up risky or dangerous health habits either, the study found.
Actually a genetic?predisposition toa certain disease is common among people. ?Some people are born weak in heart.? Some are innately vulnerable in digestive system. But these most common risk factors usually don't raise a person's chances of getting the disease by a significant amount. ?It's possible that some of the patients in the study had substantially high disease risks based on their DNA profile, but those patients tend to be rather rare. "It’s still likely that communicating this type of information is very valuable to some people, but it’s just that there aren’t that many of those people," Zikmund-Fisher from the University of Michigan said. "The idea that providing genetic risk information is going to be transformative to everyone seems unlikely."
1.? Why did some experts suggest stopping genetic testing?
????? A. Genome sequencing aren’t accurate in detecting certain disease risks.
????? B. Genetic testing results fail to encourage people to remove bad habits.
????? C. Genetic testing does neither good nor harm to people’s behaviorial improvement.
????? D. Genetic testing results are offered by commercial testing companies.
2. The underlined word?predisposition to?in the passage is closest in meaning to _____.
????? A. testing on????????????????????????????????????????????????????? B. prediction about??????
????? C. sensitivity to????????????????????????????????????????????????? D. insight into
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
????? A. Theresa Marteau believes genetic testing helps to change people’s behaviors.
????? B. Sure Genomics is forbidden to deliver illness risk expectations to patients.
????? C. Genetic testing results are totally coming from academic sequencing.
????? D. Genetic testing results in a way worsen the patients’ moods and emotions.
4.? It’s said that people’s unconcerned response to genetic testing doesn’t cause much harm because ______.
????? A. getting rid of bad life habits doesn’t do much good to people’s health
????? B. almost all people have certain disease risks based on genetic testing
????? C. providing genetic risk information interferes with the medical treatment
????? D. genetic testing shows few people are at a high risk of getting certain diseases
【答案】1-4BCBD
【分析】
1.原因題，根據(jù)句子But being told you’re at a higher risk for lung cancer doesn’t seem to motivate anyone to quit smoking or alcohol, this study suggests所以答案選B．
2．細(xì)節(jié)理解體題，在Some people are born weak in heart.? Some are innately vulnerable in digestive system.?所以答案選C．
3．判斷題，根據(jù)These companies are not allowed to share disease risk estimates? with consumers thanks to the Food and Drug Administration. 故答案選B。
?4.原因題，根據(jù)It's possible that some of the patients in the study had substantially high disease risks based on their DNA profile, but those patients tend to be rather rare.故答案選D。
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V. Translation（15%）（2+3+3+3+4）
Directions:?Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
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干涉別國的內(nèi)務(wù)被公認(rèn)為是完全不合法的。( It )
【答案】It is recognized as totally illegal to interfere in the private affairs of other country. ?
【分析】be recognized as 被認(rèn)為是
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女王在圣誕賀詞中高度贊揚(yáng)了英國運(yùn)動員在本屆奧運(yùn)會上的出色表現(xiàn)。( speak )
【答案】The queen speaks highly of the outstanding performance of the athletes in the Olympics in her Christmas greeting.
【分析】speak highly of
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為了迎合年輕消費者，許多商家會在西洋節(jié)日到來之際進(jìn)行打折活動。（cater）
【答案】To cater to the young consumers, many shops will discount when the western festivals are coming.
【分析】cater to
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隨著購票軟件的改進(jìn)，人們不得不徹夜排隊買票的日子一去不復(fù)返了。（when）
【答案】With the improvement of the purchasing tickets App, time is gone when people have to wait for a whole night to buy ticket.
【分析】定語從句
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最新研究表明，不是重工業(yè)的發(fā)展而是那些缺乏環(huán)保意識的人將會成為地球的最大威脅。（threat）
【答案】The latest research shows that it is not the development of the heavy industry but those who lack the awareness of protecting environment that will become the biggest threat to the earth.
【分析】threat to
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