考點52?完形填空議論文

高考頻度：★★☆☆☆

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議論文是一種通過剖析事物或論述事理來提出主張或發(fā)表見解的文體。議論文分為兩種，一種是夾敘夾議型，另一種是純議論型。

議論文是一種剖析事理、論述事物、發(fā)表見解或提出主張的說理性文章。議論文的目的不僅是客觀地解釋事物，還力圖說服讀者相信并接受某一觀點。議論文是高考完形填空題中較難的一種體裁，它一般由三個要素組成：論點、論據(jù)和結(jié)論。做好這類題的關(guān)鍵在于要抓住作者的論點。

議論文中對于論點的提出通常有三種形式：

1. 開門見山，直接提出論點

在有些議論文中作者開頭就提出論點，通過論證，最后提出自己的看法，或提出另一個話題供大家討論。一般來說，這種形式的議論文作者態(tài)度明確，我們也能很容易地把握作者對某一件事的看法。

2. 導(dǎo)入式提出論點

在有些議論文中，作者并不是直接提出自己的觀點，而是通過對某一現(xiàn)象的論述來贊揚或批評某一事物，進而提出自己的觀點，然后再用具體的論據(jù)去證明自己的觀點。

3. 水到渠成式得出結(jié)論

在有些議論文中作者開頭只是列舉一系列生活中的現(xiàn)象，而不是表明自己的觀點，通過對具體現(xiàn)象的分析，最后自然得出結(jié)論，而此結(jié)論就是文章的論點。

議論文形式的完形填空不像記敘文形式的完形填空那么有情景。因此，我們對整個文章的把握相對來說也難得多。解答這類題要遵循下列原則：

1. 從首尾句入手，抓住中心

議論文的寫作思路一般為：提出問題→分析問題→解決問題。因此，文章的第一、二句話通常為文章的主題句，而文章的結(jié)尾句常為文章的結(jié)論。由此可見，我們必須充分利用文章的首尾句，推測出文章的中心，從而理解全文。

2. 緊扣信息詞，把握作者觀點

考生要弄清文章的行文邏輯，如轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、遞進關(guān)系、對比關(guān)系、讓步關(guān)系、指代關(guān)系等。有時文章的第一、二段并不是作者的觀點，而是對某個事物的介紹或描述，然后用信息詞，如but，however，yet等將自己的觀點引出，因此，閱讀時一定要特別留意這些信息詞。

3. 從語境入手，確定邏輯關(guān)系

句與句之間總要反映出因果、假設(shè)、條件、類推等邏輯關(guān)系。這些邏輯關(guān)系常常通過on the one hand, on the other hand, as a result, as a consequence, on the contrary, above all, first of all, secondly, finally, in case等單詞或短語表達(dá)出來。但有時作者并不使用這些單詞或短語，而是將邏輯關(guān)系暗含于文章中，這就需要考生根據(jù)語境來確定邏輯關(guān)系。

4. 理清文章的論點、論據(jù)和結(jié)論

如果我們連論點、論據(jù)、結(jié)論都沒把握住的話，只能是漫無目的地選擇答案了。一般說來，能說明論點的答案可以在論據(jù)里得到印證，且作為論點的某些答案也可以與論據(jù)有機地結(jié)合起來，使論點與論據(jù)相輔相承，從而使整篇文章上下一致。如果我們所選的答案前后矛盾，論點與論據(jù)相悖，最后的結(jié)論與論點自相矛盾，那就說明我們對文章的把握缺乏條理性和系統(tǒng)性，我們就需重新來理順文章的各部分，直到條理清楚為止，然后再根據(jù)自己對文章的把握及各部分的邏輯關(guān)系選出答案。

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Children and young people tend to have certain role models – people they want to be like when they grow??　1　. Though?　2　children would have wished to copy their mother, father or a (n)?　3　?relative, gradually these role models are thought of as famous people or popular??　4　.

People have different opinions about?　5　popular stars or other famous people are good role models for children. ?Charming models, such as Katie Price, are often admired and?　6　by young girls. ?This is the biggest worry of parents and teachers. ?They wish to??　7　?the concept that success is achieved through hard work and??　8　?rather than an attractive looking.

Most people tend to grow up to be those who are?　9　?home – their parents or family friends. ?Some decide to be like their favorite teacher. ?A child who loves to??　10　?may want to grow to be the next Picasso or Van Gogh; Someone who loves to?　11　might imagine themselves as a famous writer; if a child enjoys dancing, he or she??　12　?well admire a famous dancer, but this is not the??　13　. ?A lot of dance students wish to be like their??　14　?teacher.

Therefore, the job of a teacher is???　15　?just providing knowledge of a given subject. ?They should be able to??　16　?their students’ trust and????　17　?them well. ?Helping youngsters to learn from models, to learn how to accept???　18　?with grace and losing with dignity, is central to any parent’s or teacher’s job. ?Manners are very important and a dance teacher can??　19　?his or her position and influence to???　20　?good behaviors to youngsters.

1. A. younger B. stronger C. older D. taller

2. A. at first B. at last C. at least D. at most

3. A. generous B. humorous C. ordinary D. favorite

4. A. fans B. singers C. stars D. dancers

5. A. that B. whether C. why D. if

6. A. caught up with B. looked down upon C. thought highly of D. made fun of

7. A. hold B. encourage C. receive D. ignore

8. A. luck B. effort C. imagination D. creativity

9. A. similar to B. far from C. close to D. different from

10. A. read and write B. sing and dance C. draw and paint D. listen and speak

11. A. dance B. think C. sing D. read

12. A. may B. should C. must D. need

13. A. case B. trouble C. matter D. deal

14. A. art B. music C. piano D. dance

15. A. better than B. more than C. rather than D. less than

16. A. accept B. lose C. receive D. gain

17. A. negotiate with B. communicate with C. keep up with D. put up with

18. A. challenging B. failing C. winning D. falling

19. A. take charge of B. lose control of C. get rid of D. make use of

20. A. introduce B. press C. turn D. push

【文章大意】這是一篇議論文。很多青少年都將名人或明星作為自己的偶像。人們對這種現(xiàn)象持不同觀點。作者認(rèn)為，作為教師或家長，他們的中心任務(wù)就是要引導(dǎo)青少年正確的向偶像學(xué)習(xí)，以正確的態(tài)度對待成功和失敗。

1.C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。young年輕的；strong強壯的，結(jié)實的；old老的；tall高的。由語境可知，孩子和年輕人都有自己的偶像。他們長大之后想成為像自己偶像那樣的人。故C選項切題。

2.A【解析】考查短語辨析。at first起初；at last最后；at least至少；at most至多。由后文的＂gradually＂可知，起初，孩子們會把自己的父母或親戚作為自己的偶像。故A選項正確。

3.D【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。generous慷慨的；humorous幽默的；ordinary普通的；favorite最喜歡的。由語境可知，孩子把親戚作為自己的偶像，由此可以推知，這個親戚肯定是他最喜歡的。故D選項切題。

4.C【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。fan迷；singer歌手；star明星，星星；dancer跳舞者，舞蹈演員。由語境可知，逐漸地，孩子的偶像就會變成名人或明星。故C選項切題。下文第一句中亦有提示。

5.B【解析】考查賓語從句。由語境可知，人們對于以名人或明星作為偶像是否對孩子們好持不同觀點。故B選項切題。

6.C【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。catch up with趕上；look down upon看不起；think highly of高度贊揚；make fun of取笑。該空和前面的admire并列，年輕的女孩子們對Katie Price評價很高，經(jīng)常贊美她，以她為偶像。故C選項切題。

7.B【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。hold拿，握；encourage鼓勵；receive收到；ignore忽略。由語境可知，父母希望鼓勵這樣一個觀念：成功是通過努力獲得的而不是通過迷人的外表獲得的。故B選項切題。

8.B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。luck運氣；effort努力；imagination想象力；creativity創(chuàng)造力。該空和前面的hard work并列，故B選項切題。成功是通過努力獲得的。B選項切題。

9.C【解析】考查形容詞短語辨析。similar to與……相似；far from遠(yuǎn)離……；close to離……近；different from和……不同。由后文的their parents or family friends可知，大部分人長大之后往往成為和自己離得近的人。故C選項切題。

10.C【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。read and write讀寫；sing and dance唱歌跳舞；draw and paint畫畫和繪畫；listen and speak聽和寫。Picasso or Van Gogh都是畫家的名字，故可知，喜歡畫畫的孩子希望成為下一個畢加索或梵高。C選項切題。

11.D【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。dance跳舞；think想，認(rèn)為；sing唱；read讀。由后文的＂writer＂可知，喜歡閱讀的人希望自己成為一名作家。故D選項切題。

12.A【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞。may可能，可以；should應(yīng)該；must必須；need需要，必要。may well意為＂很可能＂。一個喜歡跳舞的人很可能想成為一名著名的舞蹈家。故A選項切題。

13.A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。case情況，案例，病例；trouble麻煩；matter事情，問題，物質(zhì)；deal協(xié)定，交易，大量。由語境可知，情況并非總是如此。A選項切題。

14.D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。art藝術(shù)；music音樂；piano鋼琴；dance舞蹈。很多學(xué)舞蹈的學(xué)生希望成為像他們舞蹈老師那樣的人。故D選項切題。

15.B【解析】考查短語辨析。better than比……好；more than超過，比……多；rather than 而不是；less than比……少。由語境可知，老師的工作不僅僅只是向?qū)W生傳授知識。B選項切題。

16.D【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。accept接受；lose失去；receive收到；gain獲得。由語境可知，老師應(yīng)該能夠獲得學(xué)生的信任。故D選項切題。

17.B【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。negotiate with和……談判，協(xié)商；communicate with和……交流；keep up with 跟上；put up with容忍，忍受。由語境可知，老師應(yīng)該獲得學(xué)生的信任并且和學(xué)生進行良好的交流。故B選項切題。

18.C【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。challenge挑戰(zhàn)；fail失敗；win獲勝；fall落下，摔倒。由語境可知，教師或者父母的中心職責(zé)就是要幫助青少年像偶像學(xué)習(xí)，教給他們?nèi)绾蝺?yōu)雅地接受勝利，如何在失敗的時候保持尊嚴(yán)。win和后文的lose對應(yīng)。故C選項切題。

19.D【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。take charge of負(fù)責(zé)，管理；lose control of失去對……的控制；get rid of擺脫，除去；make use of利用。由語境可知，舞蹈老師可以利用自己的職位和影響將好的行為介紹給青少年。故D選項切題。

20.A【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。introduce介紹，引入；press按，壓；turn翻轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)動；push推，逼迫。結(jié)合上一題解析可知，A選項切題。

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題組一（高考真題）

Cloze 1(2015·福建卷)?

One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder. However, life can be????1　?when you are not busy finding fault with it.

Several years ago I 　2　?a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who described herself as a world-class fault-finder, almost always 　3　?by things. People were always doing things that annoyed her, and 　4　?was ever good enough. She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends. She became a really 　5　?person.

Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her 　6　. Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash. What made it almost 　7　?to deal with was that the day before the 　8　, Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her 　9　?of boyfriends, the way she was living, the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to 　10　. It wasn’t until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became 　11　?her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to 　12　?everything so harshly(刻薄). She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her 　13　?as well.

Perhaps most of us aren’t as extreme at fault-finding, 　14　?when we’re honest, we can be sharply 　15　?of the world. I’m not suggesting you 　16　?problems, or that you pretend things are 　17　?than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are — 　18　?most of the time, and especially when it’s not a really big 　19　.

Train yourself to ＂bite your tongue＂, and with a little 　20　, you’ll get really good at letting things go. And when you do, you’ll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.

1. A.?lonely B. great C. quiet D. uneasy

2. A. received B. answered C. expected D. rejected

3. A. threatened B. interrupted C. bothered D. spoiled

4. A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing

5. A. caring B. boring C. interesting D. surprising

6. A. attitude B. plan C. measure D. explanation

7. A. urgent B. unnecessary C. certain D. impossible

8. A. occasion B. event C. accident D. adventure

9. A. memory B. notice C. evidence D. choice

10. A. hear B. contribute C. express D. admit

11. A. aware of B. afraid of C. curious about D. confused about

12. A. discuss B. realize C. judge D. settle

13. A. family B. life C. career D. education

14. A. so B. or C. but D. for

15. A. proud B. sure C. hopeful D. critical

16. A. face B. create C. solve D. ignore

17. A. rarer B. better C. stranger D. worse

18. A.at least B.at last C.by far D.so far

19. A. task B. deal C. result D. duty

20. A. practice B. speech C. rest D. pity

Cloze?2?(2014·新課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅰ)?

As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine (常規(guī)) basis.?As a matter of fact, we can see this 　1　at work in people of all 　2　.For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about 　3　with their new toys.?But their 　4　soon wears off and by January those 　5　toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 　6　stamp albums and unfinished models,?each standing as a monument to someone’s 　7　interest.?When parents bring home a pet,?their child 　8　bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the 　9　of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents.?Adolescents enter high school with great 　10　but are soon looking forward to 　11　.The same is true of the young adults going to college.?And then, how many 　12　, who now complain (抱怨) about the long drives to work, 　13　drove for hours at a time when they first 　14　their driver’s licenses(執(zhí)照)?Before people retire, they usually 　15　to do a lot of 　16　things,?which they never had 　17　to do while working.?But 　18　after retirement,?the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they 　19　.And, like the child in January, they go searching for new 　20　.

1. A.?principle B.?habit C.?way D.?power

2. A.?parties B.?races C.?countries D.?ages

3. A.?working B.?living C. playing D. going

4. A. confidence B. interest C. anxiety D. sorrow

5. A. same B. extra C. funny D. expensive

6. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. newly-collected D. half-filled

7. A. broad B. passing C. different D. main

8. A. silently B. impatiently C. gladly D. worriedly

9. A. promise B. burden C. right D. game

10. A. courage B. calmness C. confusion D. excitement

11. A. graduation B. independence C. responsibility D. success

12. A. children B. students C. adults D. retirees

13. A. carefully B. eagerly C. nervously D. bravely

14. A. required B. obtained C. noticed D. discovered

15. A. need B. learn C. start D. plan

16. A. great B. strange C. difficult D. correct

17. A. time B. money C. skills D. knowledge

18. A. only B. well C. even D. soon

19. A. lost B. chose C. left D. quit

20. A. pets B. toys C. friends D. colleagues

題組二（2017年名校模擬題）

Cloze 1(2019屆山西省四校高三聯(lián)考)

Imagine that your life is like a treasure hunt. One day, a particular goal ???1 ???your attention and you decide to ???2 ???on a treasure hunt. You begin the long hike and encounter a ???3 ???or two along the way. Already the ???4 ???path is starting to look different from the buried treasure that you have been imagining. Things get ???5 ???when you finally arrive at the spot. You say to yourself, “This doesn't look like the treasure I ???6 ???imagined! I must be on the wrong path. I ???7 ???all this time！”

You wonder，“Hmm ... maybe I should ???8 ???goals？” after thinking for a few moments. It's ???9 ???to feel a sense of disappointment or ???10 ???when this occurs, but I think the deeper problem is ???11 ???in how we approached the treasure in the first place.

The ???12 ???is that most people spend all of their time thinking about the treasure. The fastest way to get to a particular spot, ???13 ??， is to set your compass and start walking. The idea here is to commit to your goal with the strongest ???14 ??. Develop a clear, single－minded ???15 ???for where you are. And then ???16 ???all of your energy to the journey and be committed to the path you are walking.

In other words, your goal becomes your compass, not your buried treasure. The goal is your ???17 ??， not your destination. The goal is a mission that you are on, a path that you ???18 ??. That is just fine and worthwhile, ???

19 ???comes from that path. It is the commitment to walking the path that ???20 ??.

1. A. reminds B.?turns C.?pays D.?grabs

2. A. set out B.?work out C.?give out D.?turn out

3. A. challenge B.?misfortune C.?story D.?surprise

4. A. smooth B.?actual C.?narrow D.?false

5. A. better B.?more complex C.?more relaxing D.?worse

6. A. hardly B.?usually C.?previously D.?normally

7. A. forgot B.?wasted C.?valued D.?managed

8. A. attain B.?assess C.?switch D.?achieve

9. A. natural B.?necessary C.?obvious D.?strange

10. A. failure B.?confusion C.?shame D.?ignorance

11. A. buffed B.?lost C.?absorbed D.?rooted

12. A. evidence B.?lesson C.?truth D.?problem

13. A. anyway B.?however C.?otherwise D.?therefore

14. A. belief B.?feelings C.?support D.?nerves

15. A. habit B.?desire C.?focus D.?interest

16. A. preserve B.?improve C.?research D.?devote

17. A. dream B.?motto C.?direction D.?schedule

18. A. follow B.?show C.?recommend D.?demand

19. A. whichever B.?whatever C.?whoever D.?whenever

20. A. deserves B.?counts C.?works D.?gathers

Cloze 2(江西省宜春市奉新縣第一中學(xué)等四校高三聯(lián)考)

?What is time? Is it a thing to be saved or?　1　or wasted, like money? Or is it something we have no control?　2　, like the weather? Is time the same all over the world? That's an easy question, you say. ?　3　you go, a minute is 60 seconds, an hour is 60 minutes, a day is 24 hours, and so forth. ?Well, maybe. ?But in America, time is?　4　that. ?Americans see time as a valuable?　5　. ?Maybe that's why they are?　6　of the expression, ＂Time is money. ＂

To Americans, punctuality is a way of showing?　7　for other people's time. ?Being more than 10 minutes late to an appointment usually?　8　an apology, and maybe an explanation. ?People?　9　are running late often call ahead to let others know of the?　10　. ?Of course, the less formal the situation, the less important it is to be exactly?　11　. ?At informal get-togethers,?　12　, people often arrive as much as 30 minutes past the?　13　time. ?But they usually don't try that at work.

American lifestyles show?　14　people respect the time of others. ?When people plan an event, they often?　15　the time days or weeks in advance. ?Once the time is fixed, it takes almost a(n)?　16　to change it. ?If people want to come to your house for a friendly visit, they will usually?　17　first to make sure it is convenient. Only very close friends will just?　18　unannounced. Also, people hesitate to call others late at night for fear they?　19　be in bed. ?The time may vary, but most folks think?　20　about calling after 10:00 p. m.

1. A. bought B. ignored C. spent D. killed

2. A. over B. in C. with D. for

3. A. However B. Whenever C. Whatever D. Wherever

4. A. less than B. no more than C. not more than D. more than

5. A. resource B. material C. source D. factor

6. A. short B. fond C. crazy D. enthusiastic

7. A. preference B. mercy C. respect D. hatred

8. A. calls for B. arises from C. makes for D. results from

9. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose

10. A. time B. result C. explanation D. delay

11. A. in time B. on time C. ahead of time D. over time

12.A. such as B. in a word C. for example D. as usual

13. A. assigned B. appointed C. approved D. assessed

14. A. how many B. how far C. how much D. how soon

15. A. set B. prepare C. use D. quit

16. A. emergency B. pleasure C. period D. emotion

17. A. write B. claim C. inform D. call

18. A. drop out B. drop by C. drop off D. drop behind

19. A. must B. might C. need D. shall

20.A. first B. last C. once D. twice

Cloze?3(安徽?。⑼钅习诵＃⒏呷?lián)考?)

?People are always asking what the most important element to a healthy relationship is. ?The?　1　is there are many. ?But there is one really important thing that all great and healthy relationships have in common?—?　2　. ?Yes, of course, there are some little?　3　lies even in the best of relationships-?　4　surprises or unexpected birthday parties-but the truth is that happy couples communicate honestly and don't?　5　to protect their own interests. ?So how can you have more open?　6　in your own relationship?

First, remember that honesty is the best policy even?　7　your partner might not like what you have to say. ?Yes, it may be?　8　to tell your guy that you don't like one of his friends. ?But Lying or holding things?　9　will make things worse in the long run.

The next thing to be?　10　is to say what you have to say?　11　. ?If your partner feels　12　,he will be less??　13　to what you have to say and may even become defensive. ?Your delivery is of utmost importance when you are discussing sensitive issues. ?Think through what you want to say?　14　before you bring it up. ?You don't want to?　15　the person that you love. ?You just want them to be?　16　of the truth.

One last thing to keep in mind about communicating openly is that it enhances your relationship. ?If you aren't honest about any dirty little?　17　you may have, they will probably come up eventually and?　18　you in the backside. ?And if you keep things to yourself, your relationship will not be based on the truth, which??　19　a solid foundation. ?Hard??　20　the truth may be sometimes, honesty really is the best policy.

1. A. phenomenon B. truth C. theory D. evidence

2. A. honesty B. enthusiasm C. cooperation D. persistence

3. A. red B. purple C. white D. black

4. A. security B. privilege C. anniversary D. ambition

5. A. lie B. bargain C. complain D. interact

6. A. appreciation B. reputation C. selection D. communication

7. A. why B. when C. how D. where

8. A. tough B. immediate C. complicated D. plain

9. A. in B. on C. above D. back

10. A. serious about B. proud of C. expert at D. worthy of

11. A. obviously B. rudely C. nicely D. smoothly

12. A. puzzled B. attacked C. astonished D. satisfied

13. A. creative B. relative C. sensitive D. receptive

14. A. slightly B. thoroughly C. frequently D. briefly

15. A. suspect B. convince C. insult D. frighten

16. A. afraid B. aware C. ashamed D. capable

17. A. uniforms B. secrets C. blankets D. courts

18.A. train B. consult C. understand D. bite

19. A. picks out B. turns on C. makes for D. comes across

20. A. although B. while C. until D. as

?

題組一?

?Cloze 1

【文章大意】這是一篇議論文。文章通過講述Kerry從一個吹毛求疵的人變?yōu)橐粋€學(xué)會感恩生活的人，告訴我們＂要管好你的嘴＂，尋回昔日對生活的熱情。

1.B?【解析】從下文內(nèi)容可知，本文作者不贊同人們老是挑毛病，所以用great表示當(dāng)你不忙于挑毛病時生活會很精彩。

2.A??【解析】receive a letter from sb. ＂收到某人的來信＂。

3.C?【解析】根據(jù)下文的＂People were always doing things that annoyed her＂(人們做的事總是惹她生氣)可知，此處用bother表示＂使(某人)煩惱＂。

4.D【解析】根據(jù)and前面的句子可知，此處表示＂沒有一件事情她覺得好＂，所以用nothing。

5.B?【解析】此處用boring表示＂令人厭煩的＂。

6.A?【解析】根據(jù)下文可知，這場意外改變了她的態(tài)度。attitude ＂態(tài)度＂。

7.D?【解析】事故發(fā)生前一天Kerry拜訪了她的這個朋友并一直挑朋友的毛病。據(jù)此可知，這使得事情幾乎無法應(yīng)對。

8.C【解析】根據(jù)上文的＂it took a horrible accident＂ 可知，此處選C。

9.D?【解析】?Kerry批評她的朋友對男朋友的選擇。choice ＂選擇＂。

10.C 【解析】空處所在的句子是定語從句，various other things 是先行詞，關(guān)系詞that/which 代替先行詞在從句中作賓語，所以用express＂表達(dá)＂。

11.A 【解析】直到她的朋友嚴(yán)重受傷Kerry才意識到她挑毛病的習(xí)慣。aware of ＂意識到＂；afraid of ＂害怕＂；curious about ＂好奇＂；confused about ＂感到困惑＂。

12. C?【解析】?judge ＂判斷，評價＂。此處judge … harshly和上文的＂appreciate life＂形成對比。

13. B【解析】她也能夠把她的新智慧轉(zhuǎn)移到她生活的其他方面。

14. C【解析】上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以用but。

15. D?【解析】be critical of 和find fault with是同義短語。

16. D【解析】根據(jù)上下文可知，不挑剔并不意味著忽視問題。ignore ＂忽視＂。

17. B【解析】或者假裝事情比真實情況要好。

18. A【解析】至少大多數(shù)時候是這樣的。at least ＂至少＂。

19. B?【解析】a big deal是固定搭配，含義為＂重要的事情＂。

20. A【解析】根據(jù)上下文可知，要做到這一點需要的是少量的訓(xùn)練。practice ＂練習(xí)，訓(xùn)練＂。

Cloze 2

【文章大意】本文通過舉例說明這樣一個道理：各種形式的活動，如果人們經(jīng)常做，都會產(chǎn)生厭倦情緒。

1.A?【解析】其實，我們可從各年齡段的人們身上看到這個準(zhǔn)則是如何起作用的。第一段的第一句出現(xiàn)短語As a general rule，本空填principle呼應(yīng)名詞rule。

2.D?【解析】各年齡段的人都會產(chǎn)生厭倦情緒。從下文可知，孩子厭倦玩具、少年厭倦高中、青年厭倦大學(xué)、成年人厭倦開車、老年人厭倦退休后的生活。因此本空填ages。

3.C?【解析】在圣誕節(jié)早上，孩子們一開始很喜歡玩(playing)他們的新玩具。

4.B?【解析】但是，不久他們對新玩具的興趣(interest)逐漸消失了。

5.A?【解析】到了一月，同樣的(same)玩具再也不能吸引孩子們了，他們就把那些玩具收起來了。

6.D?【解析】生活中滿是裝滿一半(half-filled)郵票的集郵冊和沒有完工的模型。后文的＂unfinished＂是關(guān)鍵信息。

7.B?【解析】這些東西說明很多人曾經(jīng)喜歡某一件事，結(jié)果半途而廢。他們的興趣是短暫的(passing)。故選B。?

8.C?【解析】當(dāng)父母帶回家一個寵物時，孩子高興地(gladly)為它洗澡、刷它的毛。

9.B?【解析】但是，過不了多久，照顧動物的重?fù)?dān)(burden)又被移交給了父母。

10.D?【解析】青少年帶著極大的興奮之情(excitement)進入高中。

11.A?【解析】但是，不久他們就盼望著畢業(yè)(graduation)。

12.C?【解析】前句中的young adults暗示下文談?wù)摰氖浅赡耆?。根?jù)文意可知，抱怨每天開車上班花費時間長的人， 應(yīng)該是成年人。

13.B?【解析】而當(dāng)他們剛剛拿到駕照時，他們翹首企盼(eagerly)一次開好幾個小時。eagerly＂渴望地＂，符合文意。

14.B??【解析】obtain＂得到＂。這里指考取駕照。

15.D??【解析】在退休前，人們通常計劃(plan)做很多事情。

16.A?【解析】這些事情是他們上班時沒有時間做的大事(great things)。

17.A?【解析】參見上題解析。他們上班太忙了，沒有時間(time)做這些事情。

18.D?【解析】但是，退休后不久(soon)，像打高爾夫、釣魚、閱讀及其他所有的消遣方式都變得沒有意思了。

19.C?【解析】那些消遣方式就像他們剛離開(leave)的工作一樣，非常乏味。

20.B?【解析】這些退休老人遭遇的處境，就像一月的孩子一樣，開始找新玩具(toys)，尋求刺激了。

題組二?

Cloze 1

【文章大意】本文為議論文。生活就像一次尋寶之旅，到頭來我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)所尋之物并非所愿。問題的根源在于一開始我們就沒有弄清楚該如何接近寶藏。在方向確定后，目標(biāo)是指南針不再是寶藏；目標(biāo)是方向，不再是歸宿；目標(biāo)是使命，是選擇的道路。忠誠于自己所選的道路，盡心盡力，風(fēng)雨兼程。

1.D【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：某天，一個特定的目標(biāo)吸引你的注意。A. remind提醒；B. turn翻，轉(zhuǎn)動；C. pay支付；D. grab抓。根據(jù)語言習(xí)慣，我們一般說吸引注意力，選項中和此意義最接近的是grab。故選D項。

2.A【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：你決定動身踏上這次尋寶之旅。A. set out動身；啟程; B. work out解決，鍛煉，算出；C. give out分發(fā)，耗盡；D. turn out證明是，結(jié)果是。根據(jù)上下文可知A選項符合語境。故選A項。

3.A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你開始長途跋涉的旅程，途中也會遭遇一兩個挑戰(zhàn)。A. challenge挑戰(zhàn)；B. misfortune不幸；C. story故事；D. surprise驚喜。由后文中的“is starting to look different from the buried treasure”中的“different”以及“I must be on the wrong path”中的“wrong”可知，尋寶之旅遭受了挑戰(zhàn)(challenge)。故選A項。

4.B 【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：至此，你發(fā)現(xiàn)實際的道路和你之前想象的尋寶指路不一樣。A. smooth平坦的；B. actual實際上的；C. narrow窄的；D. false錯誤的。由下文的path is starting to look different from the buried treasure that you have been imagining”可知，正在走的道路也就是現(xiàn)實的道路和你之前想象的不一樣。故選B項。

5.D 【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)你達(dá)到目的地時事情變得更糟糕了。A. better更好；B. more complex更復(fù)雜；C. more relaxing更令人放松；D. worse更糟糕。從下文中的“I must be on the wrong path”我肯定走錯了路，判斷出發(fā)生了不好的事情。故選D項。

6.C 【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這和我之前想象的寶藏完全不一樣。A. hardly幾乎不；B. usually通常；C. previously之前；D. normally正常。根據(jù)事情發(fā)展的邏輯關(guān)系，想象在先，看到真相在后。故選C項。

7.B 【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我肯定走錯了路，這次的時間都給浪費了。A. forget忘記；B. waste浪費；C. value珍惜；D. manage設(shè)法，管理。根據(jù)句意可知，走了錯路，沒有找到自己要找的東西，那時間也就白白浪費了。故選B項。

8.C ?【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：或許我應(yīng)該改變目標(biāo)。A. attain實現(xiàn)，獲得；B. assess評估；C. switch改變；D. achieve實現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文可知，沒有找到寶藏，故認(rèn)為自己應(yīng)該改變目標(biāo)，這符合語境。故選C項。

9.A ?【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：想了片刻后我覺得因為沒有找到寶藏而感到失望是正常的。A. natural自然而然的；B. necessary必要的；C. obvious明顯的；D. strange奇怪的。根據(jù)行文邏輯可知，因為不開心的事感到失落是人之常情。故選A項。

10.B 【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)事情發(fā)生時你感到失落和困惑。A. failure失?。?/span>B. confusion困惑；C. shame羞愧；D. ignorance無知。從前文中的maybe I should switch my goal，尤其是maybe可知這是一種疑惑。故選B項。

11.D 【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我覺得更深層的問題是我們一開始就沒有弄清楚如何接近寶藏。A. buffed擦亮；B. lost丟失；C. absorbed吸收；D. rooted源于，生根于。根據(jù)語境可知，作者在分析沒有找到寶藏的根本原因，所以D選項更貼近句意。故選D項。

12.D 【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：問題就在于大多數(shù)的人花了終生的時間來想寶藏。A. evidence證據(jù)；B. lesson教訓(xùn)，課；C. truth真相；D. problem問題。根據(jù)上下文可知，花了時間在次要的事情上，是不能找到寶藏的真正問題，所以D選項切合句意。故選D。

13.B ?【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，到達(dá)藏寶地最快的方式是設(shè)置好指南針然后出發(fā)。A. anyway無論如何；B. however然而；C. otherwise否則；D. therefore因此。聯(lián)系上下文可知，該句和上句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選B項。

14.A 【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的想法是：要帶著信念堅定的走下去。A. belief信念，信仰；B. feelings感情；C. support支持；D. nerves神經(jīng)。根據(jù)語言表達(dá)習(xí)慣，要完成一個困難的目標(biāo)必須要信心或信念，所以A選項符合句意。故選A。

15.C 【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你要專注于往哪里去，然后堅定地走下去。A. habit習(xí)慣；B. desire渴望；C. focus專注；焦點；D. interest興趣。從后文中的be committed to the path you are walking“專注于/致力于你所走的路”可知，focus可以本句相呼應(yīng)。故選C項。

16.D 【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后對于你的選擇傾盡全力，并專注地走下去。A. preserve保存；B. improve改進；C. research研究；D. devote奉獻(xiàn)。短語devote to 意為“奉獻(xiàn)”和盡心盡力，傾盡全力最為接近。故選D項。

17.C 【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：目標(biāo)是你地方向，而不是歸宿。A. dream夢想；B. motto箴言；C. direction方向；D. schedule日程。從后句中的destination可判斷此處應(yīng)該是方向。故選C項。

18.A 【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：目標(biāo)是你執(zhí)行的使命，是一條你要遵循的路。A. follow ???跟隨，遵循；B. show表現(xiàn)；C. recommend推薦；D. demand要求。根據(jù)上下文，follow the path更切合句意。故選A項。

19.B 【解析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：不論這條道路上有什么，那都很好，也很值得。A. whichever無論哪一個；B. whatever無論什么；C. whoever無論誰；D. whenever無論何時。此處讓步狀語從句缺少主語成分，所以排除D選項。再聯(lián)系上下文，出現(xiàn)在“道路”上的應(yīng)該是事物，且沒有既定范圍，所以排除AD選項。故選B項。

20.B 【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：忠于自己選擇的路那才是重要的。A. deserves值得；B. counts重要，數(shù)；C. works工作，起作用；D. gathers聚集，集合。結(jié)合本句句意可知，此處要表達(dá)專注于選擇的重要性。故選B項。

Cloze 2

【文章大意】本文講述了美國人對于時間的態(tài)度。

1.C 【解析】考查動詞。根據(jù)句意＂時間就像錢一樣，是可以被節(jié)約或花費或浪費的東西嗎？＂，故選C項。A項bought表＂買＂，B項ignored表＂忽視；不理睬＂，D項kill表＂殺死；消磨（時間等）＂。

2.A 【解析】考查固定短語，have control over…是固定短語，表＂控制……＂，故選A項。

3.D 【解析】考查連詞。根據(jù)前兩句＂Is time the same all over the world? That's an easy question, you say. ＂可知，此處應(yīng)表示地點，故選D項，wherever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表＂不論在……的地方＂。

4.D 【解析】考查固定短語。該空所在的句子用＂But＂表示轉(zhuǎn)折，此處應(yīng)表示＂在美國，時間并不僅僅是那樣（more than that）＂，選D項。A項less than＂少于＂，B項no more than＂不僅僅＂，C項not more than＂不超過＂。

5.A 【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)句意＂美國人把時間看作是寶貴的資源＂，故選A項resource。B項material

＂材料＂，C項source＂來源＂，D項factor＂因素＂。

6.B 【解析】考查形容詞。上一句提到＂美國人將時間看作是一種寶貴的資源＂，因此他們喜歡＂Time is money＂這樣的一句話，故選B 項，be fond of…＂喜歡……＂。A項be short of…＂缺少……＂，C項crazy搭配介詞about，表＂迷戀……＂，D項enthusiastic搭配介詞about，表＂熱衷于……＂。

7.C 【解析】考查名詞。根據(jù)句意＂對美國人來說，準(zhǔn)時是表示他們尊重別人時間的一種方式＂，故選C項respect。A項preference表＂偏好＂，B項mercy表＂仁慈＂，D項hatred表＂憎恨＂均不合題意。

8.A 【解析】考查動詞短語。結(jié)合上句，美國人準(zhǔn)時是尊重別人的時間，故比約定時間遲到十分鐘以上就需要道歉或者做出解釋，故選A項calls for（需要；要求）。B項arise from表＂由……引起＂，C項makes for表＂有助于，促進＂，D項results from表＂由……引起＂。

9.C 【解析】考查定語從句。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空與are running late構(gòu)成主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，位于名詞people之后，是定語從句。定語從句缺少作主語的指人的引導(dǎo)詞，故用C項who。

10.D 【解析】考查名詞。結(jié)合句意，那些比預(yù)期晚到的人通常會提前打電話，為的是告知對方自己會耽擱，故選D項delay。A項time＂時間＂，B項result＂結(jié)果＂，C項explanation＂解釋＂。

11.B 【解析】考查介詞短語。結(jié)合下句可知在非正式聚會時，人們通常會比預(yù)定時間遲到三十分鐘，故場合越不正式，準(zhǔn)時就越不重要，選B項on time。A項in time表＂及時＂，C項ahead of time表＂提前＂，D項over time表＂經(jīng)過一段時間＂。

12.C 【解析】考查介詞短語。根據(jù)句意可知，該句是對上句的舉例說明，故選C項for example＂例如＂。A項such as＂例如＂，但其后面應(yīng)加名詞或代詞，而不能是一個句子；B項in a word＂總之＂；D項as usual＂像往常一樣＂。

13.B 【解析】考查動詞。根據(jù)句意，人們在非正式聚會時會比約定的時間遲長達(dá)三十分鐘的時間，故選B項appointed，appointed time表＂約定的時間＂。 A項＂assigned＂＂分配；指派＂；C項approved＂批準(zhǔn)；贊成＂；D項assessed＂評定＂。

14.C 【解析】考查賓語從句。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)可知該空是賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞；結(jié)合句意，表示美國人尊重別人時間的程度，故用C項how much。A項how many表數(shù)量；B項how far表距離；D項how soon表時間，＂多久＂。

15.A 【解析】考查動詞。結(jié)合下句＂once the time is fixed＂可知，人們在計劃一件事時，通常會提前幾天或幾周設(shè)定日期，故用A項set。

16.A 【解析】考查名詞。人們計劃一件事時，需提前定日期，故一旦時間定好了，要改變就不容易了，或許要有突發(fā)事件的發(fā)生，選A項emergency。B項pleasure＂快樂＂；C項period＂時期＂；D項emotion＂情感＂。

17.D 【解析】考查動詞。根據(jù)生活常識，要去別人家做客，首先應(yīng)打電話問問對方是否方便，故選D項call。

18.B 【解析】考查動詞短語。本句和上句都是關(guān)于到別人家拜訪，本句表示＂只有關(guān)系密切的朋友才會不事先通知便去拜訪（drop by），選B項。A項drop out表＂輟學(xué)＂；C項drop off表＂下降；減弱＂；D項drop behind表＂落后；落伍＂。

19.B 【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞。結(jié)合句意，人們在晚上很晚的時候給別人打電話也會猶豫，擔(dān)心對方或許休息了，表不太肯定的推測用might。

20.D 【解析】考查固定短語。think twice是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，表示＂三思＂。

Cloze?3

【文章大意】文章介紹人際交往中一個重要的原則——要以誠相待。

1.B 【解析】根據(jù)下文＂but the truth is that happy couples communicate honestly＂可知，真相有很多。truth真相。故選B。

2.A 【解析】根據(jù)下文＂communicate honestly＂可知，但是有一個真正重要的，所有非常好的和健康的關(guān)系共同具備的東西是誠實。honesty誠實。故選A。

3.C 【解析】根據(jù)下文＂but the truth is that happy couples communicate honestly＂是的，當(dāng)然，即使在最好的關(guān)系中也有一些小小的善意的謊言。white lies善意的謊言。故選C。

4.C 【解析】根據(jù)下文＂unexpected birthday parties＂可知，這里是周年的驚喜或者出乎意料的生日宴會。anniversary周年。故選C。

5.A 【解析】根據(jù)上文＂there are some little???????lies＂可知，但是事實是幸福的夫婦會坦誠溝通，不會為了保護他們自己的利益而撒謊。lie撒謊。故選A。

6.D 【解析】根據(jù)下文＂One last thing to keep in mind about communicating openly＂可知，那么你怎樣才能在你自己的關(guān)系中進行更坦率的交流呢？communication交流。故選D。

7.B 【解析】句意：首先要記住即使當(dāng)你的伙伴也許不喜歡你不得不說的內(nèi)容時，誠實仍然是最上策。when當(dāng)……時候。故選B。

8.A 【解析】根據(jù)下文＂that you don't like one of his friends. ＂可知，也許告訴你的伙伴你不喜歡他的其中一位朋友有困難。tough困難的。故選A。

9.D 【解析】根據(jù)下文＂make things worse＂可知，但是從長遠(yuǎn)來看，撒謊或者隱瞞事情會讓事情變得更糟糕。hold back隱瞞。故選D。

10.A 【解析】句意：下一個要認(rèn)真對待的是要好好地說你必須要說的。serious about對……認(rèn)真。故選A。

11.C 【解析】根據(jù)下文＂If your partner feels??????,he will be less??????to what you have to say and may even become defensive. ＂可知，下一個要認(rèn)真對待的是要好好地說你必須要說的。nicely好好地。故選C。

12.B 【解析】根據(jù)下文＂may even become defensive. ＂可知，如果你的伙伴感到受到攻擊，他會更不愿意接納你必須說的，而且甚至?xí)兊糜兴佬l(wèi)。attack攻擊。故選B。

13.D 【解析】根據(jù)下文＂to what you have to say＂可知，他會更不愿意接納你必須說的。receptive接受的。故選D。

14.B 【解析】句意：在你談到某事之前，徹底地想清楚你想要說的。thoroughly完全地，徹底地。故選B。

15.C 【解析】根據(jù)下文＂You just want them to be???????of the truth. ＂可知，你不想侮辱你愛的那個人。insult侮辱。故選C。

16.B 【解析】句意：你只是想他們知曉真相。aware意識到。故選B。

17.B 【解析】根據(jù)下文＂if you keep things to yourself,＂可知，如果你對于你也許有的任何不雅的小秘密不坦誠的話，它們可能最終會出現(xiàn)，咬你的后背。secrets故選B。

18.D 【解析】根據(jù)下文＂in the backside＂可知，它們可能最終會出現(xiàn)，咬你的后背。bite咬。故選D。

19.C 【解析】句意：如果你把事情藏在心底，你的關(guān)系不是建立在事實之上，而事實有助于建立堅實的基礎(chǔ)。make for導(dǎo)致，有助于，走向。故選C。

20.D 【解析】句意：盡管真相有時候可能會不近人情，但是誠實確實是最上策。使用as引導(dǎo)的倒裝句，表示讓步狀語。故選D。

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