考點17 ?-ing分詞
高考頻度:★★★★★
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定義
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-ing分詞分為現在分詞和動名詞,現在分詞和動名詞形式一樣,都是由v+ing構成,但是在句子中的作用不一樣,動名詞是動詞非謂語形式的一種;動名詞具有動詞和名詞的特征;在句中可作主語、表語、賓語和定語;現在分詞在句中作狀語、定語、表語、賓補。
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形式
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時態(tài)
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主動
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被動
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一般式
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doing
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being done
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完成式
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having done
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having been done
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否定式
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否定詞(not/never)
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+動名詞
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考向一 現在分詞
現在分詞的用法
1.作表語:現在分詞表示主語所具有的特征或屬性;過去分詞表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。
?The situation is encouraging. 情況很受人鼓舞。
2.作定語:
(1)單獨作定語,常放在被修飾的名詞之前。
touching story /coming week /skilled worker / armed forces / boiled water
Barking dogs seldom bite. 亂叫的狗不咬人。
但某些過去分詞(如concerned關切的/有關的,used舊的/用過的,given特定的/給予的,involved復雜的/涉及的)置于名詞前后其意義不同。?
?a concerned look/the students concerned/
?a used car/the textbook used.
(2)現在分詞作定語,分詞應放在被修飾的名詞之后;表示正在進行的動作時,變?yōu)閺木鋾r要用進行時態(tài)和表示經常性的動作或現在的狀態(tài)時,變?yōu)閺木鋾r要用一般時態(tài);同被修辭的詞(先行詞)有邏輯上的主謂關系,在意義上相當于一個主動語態(tài)的定語從句。
?Who is the man standing (= who is standing) by the door?
站在門邊的人是誰。
?They built a highway leading (= that/which leads) into the mountains.
一條通往山里的高速路。
(3)過去分詞作定語時,分詞應放在被修飾的名詞之后;表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前/不確定;同被修辭的詞(先行詞)有邏輯上的動賓關系,在意義上相當于一個被動語態(tài)的定語從句。
?The meeting held(=that/which was held) last week is very important.
上周舉行的回憶是非常重要的。
(4)其他應注意:
①?若表示的動作此刻正在進行或同時進行,可用被動語態(tài)的進行時態(tài)(現在分詞的被動語態(tài))表示。
?We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here. 我們必須保守正在討論的事情。
②?若表示的是一個未來的動作,可用不定式的被動語態(tài)表示。
Please tell me the subjects to be discussed at the next meeting. 請告訴我在下次會議上討論的主題。
③?分詞還可作非限制性定語(相當于非限制性定語從句),此時須和句子的其他部分用逗號隔開,試比較:
?All my brothers living in Shanghai are scientists.=All my brothers, living in Shanghai, are scientists.
居住在上海的所有兄弟是科學家。
④?現在分詞短語作定語時,表示的動作不能先于謂語動作,也不可表示將來;一般不用現在分詞的完成式作定語,故下列句子是錯的:
?Here is Mr. Li coming from Beijing. (應改為who has come from Beijing)
他是來自北京的李先生。
?Those?having finished their work can go home now. (應改為who have finished)
已經完成家庭作業(yè)的現在可以回家。
⑤?系動詞的現在分詞形式不可用作后置定語,此時要用從句來表示。
?Those being busy?don’t have to go. (應改為Those who are busy don’t have to go.)
正在忙的人不必離開。
⑥?不及物動詞的過去分詞不可用作后置定語,若要表示這個意思要用從句。
?The lion died?in this zoo the other day was a mother lion. (應改為which/that died)
前天死在公園的獅子是頭母獅。
3. 作賓補:
(1)常構成“感官動詞/使役動詞+賓語+doing sth/done”
?I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.
讓你等在這好久很難過。
(2)現在分詞做賓補表示動作與謂語同時發(fā)生或正在進行,強調動作過程;與賓語有著邏輯上的主謂關系,賓補一般為賓語所做的動作;過去分詞做賓補表示動作完成,與賓語有著動賓關系且含有被動意義,賓語是過去分詞表示的動作的承受者。
?He watched the TV set carried out of the room.
他看從房間帶出的電視。
?Last year they had the house rebuilt.
去年他們重修了這座房子。
(3)變?yōu)楸粍咏Y構,賓補就成了主語補足語,與謂語一起稱為“復合謂語”。
?We were kept waiting for quite a long time.
我們被等待了好久。
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1.(2019·新課標II卷·短文改錯)All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.
【答案】say改為saying
【解析】考查現在分詞。本句句意:操場上所有的足球運動員大聲歡呼,說我有足球天賦。句中謂語動詞為cheered,say在這里作伴隨狀語。與主語players是主動關系,故將say改為saying。
2.(2017·天津卷·單項填空)Around?13,500?new?jobs?were?created?during?the?period, _______the?expected?number of 12,000 held?by market?analysts.
A. having?exceeded???? B. to?exceed
C. exceeded???? D. exceeding
【參考答案】D
【答案解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:在這期間,大約創(chuàng)造13,500個新的工作,超過市場分析師持有的12,000的預期數量。分析全句可知,這里指前一件事情所帶來自然而然的結果,故用現在分詞作結果狀語。故選D。
3.(2017·北京卷·單項填空)The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ________ from butterflies to elephants.
A. ranging ???? B. range ??
C. to range ??? D. ranged
【參考答案】A
【答案解析】考查非謂語動詞。 range是不及物動詞,意為“(在一定幅度內)變化”,此處作解釋說明的狀語,表主動。故答案選A。句意:國家動物園有大量野生動物, 從蝴蝶到大象都有。
4.(2017·江蘇卷·單項填空)?Many Chinese brands, ________their reputations over centuries,are facing new challenges from the modern market.
A. having developed ??????? B. being developed ?????
C. developed ????????????? D. developing
【參考答案】A
【答案解析】考查非謂語動詞。many Chinese brands與develop是邏輯上的主謂關系,也是主動關系,再根據over centuries(數百年了)可知“發(fā)展”的動作在“面臨挑戰(zhàn)”之前早就完成了,故用現在分詞的完成式,故選A項。句意:許多已經發(fā)展了幾個世紀的聲譽的中國品牌,現在正面臨著來自現代市場的新挑戰(zhàn)。
考向二 ?動名詞
一、動名詞概述
1. 動名詞的一般式,表示的動作可以與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生或前后。
?We all enjoy listening?to music.(同時發(fā)生) 我們所有的人都喜歡聽音樂。
?Do you remember meeting?me there?(在謂語動詞前發(fā)生) 你還記得見過他嗎?
2. 動名詞的完成式表示在謂語動詞之前完成的動作。
?I regret not having?been taken to the Great Wall when I was a child.
當我是個孩子的時候很遺憾沒有被帶到過長城。
?She attended the party without being?invited. 沒有被邀請他就參加了這個晚會。
3. 當一個動名詞邏輯上的主語所表示的是這動作的承受者時,這個動名詞一般要用被動形式。
?This question is far from being settled.問題遠沒有解決。
4. 如果表示的動作在謂語表示的動作之前發(fā)生,有時需要用動名詞的完成被動形式。
?I don’t remember having ever been given a chance to try this method.
我不機器曾經給過他機會嘗試這個方法。
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動名詞的用法
1.作主語
(1)謂語動詞應用第三人稱單數。
Seeing is believing. 眼見為實。
(2)it(形式主語)be no+n(use/ good/wonder...)+doing sth
??there be no?+n(point/doubt/signs/way...)+doing?sth
?It’s no use telling him about it,it’s too late already.
已經太晚了,所以告訴他沒有用。
(3)作主語動名詞與不定式的區(qū)別:
①?動名詞作主語表示抽象的動作,不與特定的動作執(zhí)行者有關;不定式作主語表示具體的動作或行為,與特定的動作執(zhí)行者有關。
?He realized that to go on like this was no use.(具體)
他意識到像這樣繼續(xù)沒用。
?It’s no use crying over split milk.(抽象)
因拋灑的牛奶哭泣沒用。
特別提醒:表語是動名詞,主語也用動名詞;表語是不定式,主語也用不定式。
②?動名詞和不定式作主語,都可用形式主語it,動名詞或不定式放在句尾時用動名詞,不用不定式。
it’s no use/good doing … ?
it’s a waste of time doing …
但在it’s important /necessary /advisable/essential … 中,只用不定式。
?It’s no use going there today; he won’t be at home.
今天去哪沒用,因為不在家。
?It’s a waste of time arguing about it.
和他爭論時浪費時間。
2. 作表語
(1)用來解釋說明主語的內容。
?Their job is building houses.
他們的工作是建房子。
(2)作表語動名詞與不定式的區(qū)別:
動名詞作表語表示抽象的行為,習慣;不定式作表語表示具體的特別是動作。
?My favourite sport is swimming.
我最喜歡的運動游泳。
(3)動名詞與現在分詞的區(qū)別:
作表語: 動名詞作表語相當于名詞,說明主語的含義及內容,主語與表語互換位置不影響句子的基本含義,不可用副詞來修飾;現在分詞作表語相當于形容詞,說明主語的特征,性質,狀態(tài)等,主語與表語不可互換位置,可用very/quite等副詞來修飾。
?Our duty is serving the people heart and soul. 我的職責是全心全意為人民服務。
作定語:現在分詞表示所修辭的名詞的動作,邏輯上是主謂關系;動名詞表示被修辭的名詞的作用,目的和用途等,無主謂關系。
A sleeping baby=a baby who is sleeping.
作主語:動名詞可做主語,現在分詞不可。
3.作賓語
(1)vt+doing sth
【巧學妙記】巧記跟動名詞的動詞:
考慮建議盼原諒,承認推遲沒得想;
避免錯過繼續(xù)練,否認完成就欣賞;
禁止想象才冒險,不禁介意準逃亡
consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon,
admit, delay/put off, fancy;
avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice,
deny, finish, enjoy/appreciate;
forbid, imagine, risk,
can’t help, mind, allow/permit, escape.
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?Mary is considering changing her job.
瑪麗正在考慮換工作。
【注意】某些動詞后接兩種結構,意義不同。
remember/ forget/ regret/ try /mean /stop/go on/can’t help/ be afraid(of)/be sure (of)to do doingsth
?I forgot to close the door before I left the room.
在我離開房間前,忘記關門。
?I forgot having closed the door.
我忘記關門。?????
(2)s+v+it+n/adj+doing sth(it作形式賓語)
I consider it a waste of time arguing about it.
(3)【insist on / object to / feel like /look forward to / devote to / get (be) used to … 】+doing sth
?He insisted on seeing us home.
他堅持看我們的家。
?They all objected to putting the meeting off.
所有的人對法對取消會議。
(4)S+have+n(difficulty/trouble/problem/a good time/a hard time/fun)+(in)+doing sth/with sth
?I have some difficulty (in) finishing my work in time.
在及時完成家庭作業(yè)方面我有困難。
4. 作定語
動名詞作定語表示被修飾名詞的用途,無邏輯上的主謂關系;現在分詞作定語,表示被修飾名詞的動作行為,有邏輯上的主謂關系。
singing competition ?歌詠比賽? swimming pool 游泳池
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1.(2019·新課標II卷·語法填空)A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for ___61___?(be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.
【答案】being
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。根據其前介詞for可知,此處用動名詞形式作賓語,故填being。
2.(2018·北京卷·單項填空)?_________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience
A. Travel???? B. Traveling???? C. Having traveled???? D. Traveled
【參考答案】B
【答案解析】考查動名詞。句意:沿著絲綢之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的經歷。“____ along the old Silk Road”做主語,要用動名詞,故B選項正確。
3.___________ the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.
A. Ignore B. Ignoring
C. Ignored D. Having ignored
【參考答案】B
【答案解析】句意:忽視這兩項研究結果的差異將會是你所犯的最嚴重的錯誤之一。分析句子結構可知,句子缺少主語,ignore的邏輯主語是you,兩者是主謂關系,因此用動名詞作主語,故選B。
4. Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and ________ to ruins, the city took on a new look.
A. reducing ???? B. reduced ??
C. being reduced ? D. having reduced
【參考答案】C
【答案解析】考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知,空格處應與前面的suffering并列,作介詞after的賓語,同時動詞reduce與邏輯主語the city之間構成動賓關系,所以用動名詞的被動形式,故選C項。
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題組一?基礎過關
I.用所給詞的正確形式填空
1.A build-it-yourself solar still(蒸餾器) is one of the best ways to obtain _________(drink)water in areas where the liquid is not readily available.
2.We were respectful of craft(技藝)and focused on ______(dig)?into the characters we were going to play.
3. ________ (work) for two days,Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
4. The park was full of people,________ (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.
5.?In addition to their simple beauty,what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to“air condition”a house without ________(use)electric equipment.
6.Listening to music at home is one thing,going to hear it ________ (perform) live is quite another.
7.Keep ________?(hold)your position for a while.?It helps develop your strength and flexibility.
8.I got to the office earlier that day,________ (catch) the 7:30 train from Paddington.
II.單項填空
1.After a long absence, I went back to college, _______ to pick up where I’d left off.
A.?hoping B.?hope C.to hope D.?hoped
2. _______of their bad habits,?the boys switched from being dependent on their parents to _______ for others.
A.?Having rid; sacrificing B.?To rid; sacrifice
C.?Rid; sacrificing D.?Having been rid; sacrifice
3. _______with the passengers on the missing plane, their families were sitting in front of the television all day and all night, ____________anxiously for the latest news.
A.?Concerned; waiting B.?Concerning; waiting
C.?Concerned; waited D.?Concerning; waited
4._____ at the clock on the wall, Alice found that she was late.
A.?To glance B.?Glancing
C.?Glance D.?Glanced
5. _______ the right decision _______ the future is probably an important thing we will ever do in our lives.
A.?Making; concerned B.?Make; concerning
C. To make;concerned D. Making; concerning
6. _______children to stay in touch with the nature, I think, will benefit them in the long run.
A.?Encouraged B.?Encourage
C.?Encouraging D.?To have encouraged
7.It is no good completely _______students from surfing the Internet.
A.?banned B.?banning
C.to ban D.?having banned
8.The recent survey shows that lack of parents’ love is the leading factor (因素)that results in a teenager_______ ?in computer games.
A.?losing B.?lost
C.?being lost D.to be lost
9.When Mr. Liu returned from a long vacation, there was a pile of documents_______ for him in his office.
A.?waited B.to wait
C.?waiting D.?being waited
10.The worse working conditions we are looking forward to________?must have attracted the local government’s attention.
A.?see improved B.?seeing to improve
C.?see improving D.?seeing improved
題組二 能力提升
閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Lions,tigers and other animals are staying awake at night?????1????(avoid)human beings,a new study finds.
Scientists have known that human activities can lead to changes in nature.Many animals may move around less or travel to far places to keep away?????2 ???people.By being awake at night,animals can also be on guard against possible enemies and spend less time?????3 ???(look)for food.
The latest research found even activities like farming and camping can????4 ??(fright)animals and cause them to become more active at night.?????5 ???had been studied were lions in Tanzania,tigers in Nepal and monkeys in Brazil.?Researchers compared????6 ??(careful)how much time those animals were active at night in areas of human activities,such as hunting and farming.????7 ??was human activities that caused an increase of about 20 percent in night time activities,even in creatures that usually sleep at night.?Results????8 ??(publish)in the journal Science two months ago.
The new findings are?????9 ???(usual)because no one else has looked at it in such detail before Ecologist Marlee Tucker was?????10 ???(surprise)that any kind of human activities is enough for animals to see people as a threat.
題組三 體驗真題
1.(2019·天津卷·單項填空)____________ to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the future.
A. Learn B. Learned
C. Learning D. Having learned
2.(2019·新課標I卷·語法填空)Scientists have responded by ?___67___?(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements,…
3.(2019·新課標III卷·語法填空)On the last day of our week-long stay,we _were invited__(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars,___70___?(listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
4.(?2019·浙江卷·語法填空)When the children are walking or ___59___?(cycle) to school on dark mornings,…
5.?(2017·天津卷)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ more patients to be treated.
A. being allowed ???? B. allowing ?
C. having allowed ???? D. allowed
6.(2016·北京卷)Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, ________ the old town into a dreamland.
A. turn ??????????????? B. turning
C. to turn ???????????? D. turned
7.(2016·天津卷)The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, ________ air conditioning unnecessary.
??A. making ?????????? B. to make
C. made ?????????? D. being made
8.(2014·湖南卷)____your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to
convey your affection and emotions.
A. Understanding B. To be understood
C. Being understood D. Having understood
9.(2013·福建卷)________ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
A. Known ? B. Having known ?
C. Knowing ? D. Being known
10.(2013·浙江卷)_________how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.
A. Hearing ???????? B. Hear
C. Having heard ???? D. To be hearing
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題組一?基礎過關
I.用所給詞的正確形式填空
1. drinking 2.?digging 3.Having worked 4.enjoying
5.using 6.being performed 7.holding 8.having caught
II.單項填空
1.A??
【解析】考查非謂語。根據句子結構可知,句子缺少狀語。句子的主語I與hope之間是主動關系;此處用現在分詞作伴隨狀語。句意:一長段缺席之后,我回到了大學,希望從我離開的地方學起。故選A。
2.A??
【解析】考查非謂語。句意:通過擺脫壞習慣后,男孩們從依賴父母的人變成了可以為他人犧牲的人。the boys是rid的執(zhí)行者,而且“擺脫壞習慣”發(fā)生于“變成了…”之前,所以要用現在分詞的完成時態(tài);switch from… to...指從……轉向……,to是介詞,后跟doing。故選A。
3.A??
【解析】考查非謂語。concerned是形容詞,意思是“關切的;憂慮的,擔心的”,在此用形容詞作狀語,指“家屬們對于失聯(lián)飛機上的乘客都很擔心”;主語their families與wait之間是主動關系,所以用現在分詞作伴隨狀語,指“等待著最新消息”。故選A。
4.B?
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:瞥了一眼墻上的表,愛麗絲發(fā)現她遲到了。glance與句子的主語有邏輯上的主謂關系,且在意思上表示主動意義,應用現在分詞的主動形式,故選B。
5.D?
?【解析】考查非謂語動詞。由句子結構可知,make the right decision是該句的主語,應用其-ing形式;concerning是介詞,表示 “關于……”,故選D項。?
6.C??
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知,I think是插入語,前面為主語,此處泛指“鼓勵孩子們與自然保持聯(lián)系”這一行為,應使用ing分詞。故選C。
7.B??
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:完全禁止學生上網是沒有好處的。該句屬于"It+is+名詞/形容詞(no good/no use/useless)+doing..."句型,It為形式主語,故選B項。
8.C??
【解析】考查非謂語。句意:最近的調查顯示,缺少父母的愛是導致青少年在電腦游戲中迷失的主要因素。A teenager is lost in computer games.指“青少年迷失在電腦游戲中”,其放在短語result in后面用動名詞形式作賓語。故選C。
9.C??
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:當劉先生渡完長假回來,辦公室里有一大堆文件在等著他處理。在there be句型中,名詞documents和wait是主動關系,所以用現在分詞做定語,表示正存在的狀態(tài)。故選C。
10.D?
【解析】考查非謂語。句意:我們期待著看到得以改善的糟糕的工作條件,一定是引起了了當地政府的關注。先行詞The worse working conditions后面跟了定語從句,謂語部分是are looking forward to,to是介詞,后面跟動名詞;see的邏輯賓語是省去的引導詞that或which,用過去分詞improved作賓補,指“期待著看到糟糕的工作條件得以改善的”。故選D。
題組二 能力提升
【語篇解讀】本文是一項關于動物的最新研究報道。獅子、老虎和其他動物在夜間保持清醒,以躲避人類。最新的研究發(fā)現,即使是像耕作和露營這樣的活動也能嚇到動物,讓它們在夜間變得更加活躍。
1.to avoid
【解析】考查動詞不定式。句意:獅子、老虎和其他動物在夜間保持清醒,以躲避人類。結合句意此處是動詞不定式做目的狀語,故答案為to avoid。
2.from
【解析】考查固定詞組。句意:許多動物可能會更少地移動,或者到很遠的地方去遠離人群。固定詞組:keep away from遠離,回避,故答案為from。
3.looking
【解析】考查固定結構。句意:通過在夜間保持清醒,動物也可以防備可能的敵人,花更少的時間尋找食物。spend---(in)doing sth.在做---上花費,故答案為looking。
4.frighten
【解析】考查動詞。句意:最新的研究發(fā)現,即使是像耕作和露營這樣的活動也能嚇到動物,讓它們在夜間變得更加活躍。情態(tài)動詞后面跟動詞原形,frighten“使害怕”是動詞,故答案為frighten。
5.What
【解析】考查主語從句。句意:研究的對象是坦桑尼亞的獅子、尼泊爾的老虎和巴西的猴子。分析句子結構,句子沒有主語,此處用主語從句做主語,從句沒有主語和引導詞,所以應該用what引導主語從句,故答案為what。
6.carefully
【解析】考查副詞。句意:研究人員仔細比較了這些動物在夜間活動的時間,比如狩獵和農耕。此處compare是動詞,副詞修飾動詞,故答案為carefully。
7.It
【解析】考查強調句式。句意:正是人類活動導致夜間活動增加了大約20%,即使是在夜間睡覺的生物中也是如此。此處是強調句型,It was+強調部分+that---,故答案為It。
8.were published
【解析】考查被動語態(tài)。句意:研究結果發(fā)表在兩個月前的《科學》雜志上。根據two months ago且句子主語Results和publish之間是被動關系,所以此處用一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài),答案為were published。
9.unusual
【解析】考查形容詞。句意:這些新發(fā)現是不同尋常的,因為在生態(tài)學家Marlee Tucker驚訝地發(fā)現,任何人類活動都足以讓動物把人視為威脅以前,沒有其他的人這樣詳細地考慮它。結合句意可知答案為unusual。
10.surprised
【解析】考查過去分詞。句意:這些新發(fā)現是不同尋常的,因為在生態(tài)學家Marlee Tucker驚訝地發(fā)現,任何人類活動都足以讓動物把人視為威脅以前,沒有其他的人這樣詳細地考慮它。結合句意可知答案為surprised。
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題組二 體驗真題
1.C
【解析】考查動名詞。句意:學會批判性思維是當代小孩未來所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主語成分,而過去分詞、動詞都不可以做主語。此處用動名詞做主語,故選C。
2.noting
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。根據其前介詞by可知,此處用動名詞主動形式,故填noting。
3.listening
【解析】考查現在分詞。本句謂語動詞為“were invited”,所以70題空格處動詞listen應用非謂語動詞形式。聽音樂這個動作是由we發(fā)出的,所以選用現在分詞形式。也可由and前后連接兩個并列的結構這一規(guī)律解題,and后meeting interesting locals為分詞形式,故空格處填listening。
4.cycling
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:當孩子們在黑暗的早晨步行或騎車上學時,汽車司機很容易看到它們。or連接兩個并列成分,根據or前的walking可知,此處要用cycling。故填cycling。
5.B
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。“醫(yī)院引進新的醫(yī)療設備”和“更多的病人得到治療”之間是主動的關系,因此用v.-ing形式。此處用現在分詞短語作結果狀語,故選B項。句意:醫(yī)院最近引進了新的醫(yī)療設備,從而使更多的病人得到治療。
6.B??
【解析】考查現在分詞表伴隨狀況。句意:新建的木屋林立在街道的兩旁,使古鎮(zhèn)變成了一個夢幻之地。turn的邏輯主語是cottages,兩者是主動關系,故用現在分詞,表示主動和伴隨,故選B。
7.A ?
【解析】句意:冷風從我們臥室的窗戶吹進來,使得沒有必要開空調了。前面的事情造成后面的結果,用現在分詞作結果狀語,表示順理成章的結果。不定式也可以作結果狀語,但是那是預料不到的結果。故選A。
8.A ?
【解析】考查非謂語動詞用法。不定式(短語)或動名詞(短語)均可作主語,區(qū)別在于不定式常表示將來,是特指;而動名詞表示一般情況,是泛指。而本句指的是普遍現象,屬泛指,故用動名詞較好。句意:理解你自身的需要及交際風格,同時會表達你的感情和情緒是一樣重要。故A正確。
9.C
【解析】考查非謂語動詞的用法。動名詞在本句中作主語,此處表示一般情況,用一般式;having known 是完成式,表示動作已經完成或先于謂語動詞發(fā)生。句意:?懂得一些基本的急救技巧將有助于你對緊急情況作出快速應對。故選C。
10.A??
【解析】考查非謂語動詞。在該句中,要注意區(qū)分現在分詞和動名詞的用法。根據句子結構知,此處create前面的主語應該是_____how others react to the book you have just read,其中you have just read是定語從句修飾the book,所以此處空格中應該用動名詞形式,故選A項。
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