2019年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（全國I卷）
英 語
注意事項(xiàng):
1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。
2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。
3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分 ?聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)
做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié) (共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?
A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15.
答案是C。
1.Where does this conversation take place?
A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C. In a museum.
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】此為聽力題，解析略。
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2.What does Jack want to do?
A. Take fitness classes.
B. Buy a pair of gym shoes.
C. Change his work schedule.
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】此為聽力題，解析略。
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3.What are the speakers talking about?
A. What to drink. B. Where to meet. C. When to leave.
【答案】B
【解析】
【詳解】此為聽力題，解析略。
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4.What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Colleges. B. Classmates. C. Strangers.
【答案】C
【解析】
【詳解】此為聽力題，解析略。
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5.Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation?
A. She might want a ticket.
B. She is looking for the man.
C. She has an extra ticket.
【答案】A
【解析】
【詳解】此為聽力題，解析略。
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第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)
聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。
6. How long did James run his business？
A. 10 years. B. 13years. C. 15 years.
7. How does the woman feel about James' situation？
A. Embarrassed. B. Concerned. C. Disappointed.
【答案】6. C ???7. B
【解析】
此為聽力題，解析略。
【6題詳解】
此為聽力題，解析略。
【7題詳解】
此為聽力題，解析略。
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聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。
8. What has Kate's mother decided to do？
A. Return to school. B. Change her job. C. Retire from work.
9. What did Kate's mother study at college？
A. Oil painting. B. Art history. C. Business administration.
10. What is Kate's attitude toward her mother's decision?
A. Disapproving. B. Ambiguous. C. Understanding.
【答案】8. A ???9. C ???10. C
【解析】
此為聽力題，解析略。
【8題詳解】
此為聽力題，解析略。
【9題詳解】
此
聽力題，解析略。
【10題詳解】
此為聽力題，解析略。
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聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。
11. What is the man doing？
A. Chairing a meeting.
B. Hosting a radio program.
C. Conducting a job interview.
12. What benefits Mary most in her job？
A. Her wide reading. B. Her leaders' guidance. C. Her friends' help
13. Who will Mary talk about next？
A. Her teacher. B. Her father C. Her mother.
【答案】11. B ???12. A ???13. C
【解析】
此為聽力題，解析略。
【11題詳解】
此為聽力題，解析略。
【12題詳解】
此為聽力題，解析略。
【13題詳解】
此為聽力題，解析略。
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聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。
14. Why does the man seldom do exercise？
A. He lacks motivation.
B. He has a heart problem.
C. He works all the time.
15. What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do？
A. He's an athlete. B. He's a researcher. C. He's a journalist.
16. Why does the woman speak of a study？
A. To encourage the man.
B. To recommend an exercise.
C. To support her findings.
17. How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly？
A. 300 minutes. B. 150 minute. C. 75 minutes.
【答案】14. A ???15. B ???16. A ???17. C
【解析】
此為聽力題，解析略。
【14題詳解】
此為聽力題，解析略。
【15題詳解】
此為聽力題，解析略。
【16題詳解】
此為聽力題，解析略。
【17題詳解】
此為聽力題，解析略。
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聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。
18. What did the scientists do to the road？
A. They repaired it. B. They painted it. C. They blocked it
19. Why are young birds drawn to the road surface？
A. It's warm. B. It's brown. C. It's smooth.
20. What is the purpose of the scientists' experiment？
A. To keep the birds there for a whole year.
B. To help students study the birds well.
C. To prevent the birds from being killed.
【答案】18. B ???19. A ???20. C
【解析】
此為聽力題，解析略。
【18題詳解】
此為聽力題，解析略。
【19題詳解】
此為聽力題，解析略。
【20題詳解】
此為聽力題，解析略。
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第二部分 ?閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié) (共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Need a Job This Summer?
The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.
Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.
Jobs for Youth
If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合條件)for this program. Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.
Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities(社區(qū)).
Summer Company
Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.
Stewardship Youth Ranger Program
You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.
Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.
Summer Employment Opportunities(機(jī)會(huì))
Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.
21. What is special about Summer Company?
A. It requires no training before employment.
B. It provides awards for running new businesses.
C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.
D. It offers more summer job opportunities.
22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?
A. 15-18. B. 15-24. C. 15-29. D. 16-17.
23. Which program favors the disabled?
A. Jobs for Youth. B. Summer Company.
C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program. D. Summer Employment Opportunities.
【答案】21. B ???22. D ???23. D
【解析】
本文為應(yīng)用文。本文敘述了省政府及其合作伙伴提供了許多項(xiàng)目來幫助學(xué)生暑期在找到工作。
【21題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Summer Company部分中的“Summer Company provides students with ...awards of up to ＄3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses”?可知“Summer Company為學(xué)生提供高達(dá)3000美元的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，來開始和經(jīng)營他們自己的暑期業(yè)務(wù)”。“start and run their own summer businesses”即“為開辦新的業(yè)務(wù)”，這對(duì)應(yīng)B項(xiàng)中的“runn new businesses”，二者是詞義之間的轉(zhuǎn)述關(guān)系。故選B。
【22題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Stewardship Youth Ranger Program部分中的第二段“Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.”可知“符合條件的學(xué)生：16歲或17歲的學(xué)生，但在今年12月31日之前未滿18歲”。由此得出，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目要求年齡在16-17歲之間。分析選項(xiàng)可知D項(xiàng)符合題意，故選D。
【23題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Summer Employment Opportunities部分中的最后一段最后一句“Who is eligible: ...Some positions require students to be 15to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability”,可知Summer Employment Opportunities有些職位是給殘疾人的。分析選項(xiàng)可知，D項(xiàng)符合題意，故選D。
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B
For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day ,and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
But he’s, nervous.“I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…”Chris trips on the“-ld,”a. pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher ,Thomas Whaley ,is next to him, whispering support.“…Vote for …me …”Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion ,Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls(回想起)how at the beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student，” Whaley explains，“especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，‘I don’t know，but I want to know.’”
Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves.
“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”
24. What made Chris nervous？
A. Telling a story. B. Making a speech.
C. Taking a test. D. Answering a question.
25. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Improper pauses. B. Bad manners. C. Spelling mistakes. D. Silly jokes.
26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to _________.
A. help students see their own strengths
B. assess students’ public speaking skills
C. prepare students for their future jobs
D. inspire students’ love for politics
27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?
A. Humorous. B. Ambitious. C. Caring. D. Demanding.
【答案】24. B ???25. A ???26. A ???27. C
【解析】
本文屬于記敘文，講述Thomas Whaley為了幫助學(xué)生學(xué)英語以及樹立信心專門開展了一個(gè)演講課程。
【24題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段today is speech day和本段最后一句with shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kids who would enjoy public speaking. 以及第二段第一句But he’s nervous.可知，Chris眼睛黑亮，似乎是那種喜歡公共演講的孩子，但是他卻很緊張，故可知Chris是因?yàn)樽鲅葜v緊張，故選B。
【25題詳解】
詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段?“I’m here to tell you today why you should…should…”?Chris trips on the “-ld”, a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. 以及后文except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well 可知, Chris 發(fā)ld比較困難，這對(duì)于英語不是母語的學(xué)習(xí)者來說都是一個(gè)困難，總體來說Chris做得出奇的好。根據(jù)前文可知，ld發(fā)音不準(zhǔn)，因此有些結(jié)巴，停頓得不準(zhǔn)，故選A。
【26題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast about themselves.以及最后一段?“boasting about yourself, and your best qualities,”?Whaley says, “is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”可知，這個(gè)課程不僅僅教孩子閱讀以及公共演講，還要讓孩子學(xué)會(huì)夸耀自己，而夸耀自己對(duì)于那些進(jìn)入教室沒有信心的學(xué)生來說很困難，故可知，Whaley老師這么做是為了幫助學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)自己的優(yōu)勢(shì)增加信心，故選A。
【27題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.和最后一段He wants these kids to learn to boast about themselves可知，當(dāng)他有一天問學(xué)生認(rèn)為自己當(dāng)不了總統(tǒng)請(qǐng)舉手的時(shí)候，想到了一個(gè)想法，這個(gè)課程就是幫助學(xué)生樹立自己的信心，故可以看出這位老師很關(guān)心學(xué)生的成長。humorous 幽默的，?ambitious 有雄心壯志的；caring 關(guān)心的；demanding要求高的。故選C。
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C
As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物測(cè)量)technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.
Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(裝置)that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(節(jié)奏)with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.
It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.
In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch”four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.
28. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?
A. To reduce pressure on keys. B. To improve accuracy in typing
C. To replace the password system. D. To cut the cost of e-space protection.
29. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible？
A. Computers are much easier to operate.
B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.
C. Typing patterns vary from person to person.
D. Data security measures are guaranteed.
30. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard？all 1o soisgitieoco oll.
A. It'll be environment-friendly. B. It'll reach consumers soon.
C. It'll be made of plastics. D. It'll help speed up typing.
31. Where is this text most likely from?
A. A diary. B. A guidebook C. A novel. D. A magazine.
【答案】28. D ???29. C ???30. B ???31. D
【解析】
這是一篇說明文。數(shù)據(jù)和身份盜竊變得越來越普遍，目前，向指紋掃描等這些技術(shù)仍然是昂貴的。本文介紹了一種新的科技——智能鍵盤，它能給e-space用戶帶來安全，而且這項(xiàng)技術(shù)也不貴。
【28題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.和第二段的Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device that gets around this problem: a smart key board.可知，研究者們開發(fā)智能鍵盤是為了降低e-space保護(hù)的成本。故選D。
【29題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的The key board could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user’s typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus，the keyboard can determine people’s identities可知，因?yàn)槊總€(gè)人的打字方式不同，使智能鍵盤能夠識(shí)別人的身份。故選C。
【30題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.可知，研究者們希望智能鍵盤能早日面世。故選B。
【31題詳解】
推理判斷題。本文介紹了一種新的科技——智能鍵盤，它能給e-space用戶帶來安全，由此可知，本文是關(guān)于科技，結(jié)合所給選項(xiàng)可知，本文可能來自于一本雜志。故選D。
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D
During the rosy years of elementary school(小學(xué)), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.
Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.
Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein’s studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage(從事)in dangerous and risky behavior.”
In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys(調(diào)查研究). “We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us."
Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing, kindness, openness —?carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.
In analyzing his and other research，Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. "Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, ” he said.
32. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?
A. Unkind. B. Lonely. C. Generous. D. Cool.
33. What is the second paragraph mainly about？
A. The classification of the popular.
B. The characteristics of adolescents.
C. The importance of interpersonal skills.
D. The causes of dishonorable behavior
34. What did Dr. Prinstein’s study find about the most liked kids?
A. They appeared to be aggressive.
B. They tended to be more adaptable.
C. They enjoyed the highest status.
D. They performed well academically.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. Be Nice-You Won’t Finish Last
B. The Higher the Status, the Beer
C. Be the Best-You Can Make It
D. More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness
【答案】32. C ???33. A ???34. B ???35. A
【解析】
這是一篇說明文。文章主要講到研究表明，對(duì)別人好，討人喜歡對(duì)人生活的各個(gè)方面有深遠(yuǎn)的有益影響。
【32題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段During the rosy years of elementary school, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status（在美好的小學(xué)時(shí)光里，我喜歡分享我的娃娃和笑話，這讓我保持了高高的社會(huì)地位。）由此推斷出，作者在小學(xué)早期時(shí)，是一個(gè)慷慨的女孩。unkind不友善的；lonely寂寞的；generous慷慨的；cool冷靜的，故選C。
【33題詳解】
主旨大意題。第二段Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers.（臨床心理學(xué)教授Mitch Prinstein將受歡迎的人分為兩類:討人喜歡的人和追求地位的人。）是段落主題句，本段內(nèi)容分別對(duì)the likable 和the status seekers 做了解釋，所以本段主要介紹了兩種受歡迎的分類，故選A。
【34題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment （它清楚地表明，可愛可以促使健全的調(diào)整），由此推斷出，心理學(xué)教授Mitch Prinstein的研究表明，最有人望的孩子適應(yīng)性更強(qiáng)，故選B。
【35題詳解】
主旨大意題。通過閱讀全文內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一段，可知這篇文章主要講了受歡迎，討人喜歡對(duì)人生活的各個(gè)方面有深遠(yuǎn)的有益影響。與選項(xiàng)A“對(duì)別人好——最終，你的收獲無窮無盡”一致，故選A。
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第二節(jié) (共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all grew up hearing ?people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.”?____36____?According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.
___37___?If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.
Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). _____38_____?In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情緒).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. ______39______?It gives us a great feeling of peace.
___40___While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin—?put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
【答案】36. E????37. A????
38. G????39. C????
40. D
【解析】
這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了新鮮空氣的好處：新鮮空氣中的氧氣，陽光對(duì)人們的身心健康均有好處。人們已經(jīng)開始利用大自然和治愈疾病的關(guān)系，建造“康復(fù)花園”，治療病人了。
【36題詳解】
根據(jù)下一句中的“the answer is a big YES”可知，該空應(yīng)該是一個(gè)一般疑問句，選項(xiàng)中只有E選項(xiàng)是一般疑問句。故選E：但是新鮮空氣真得像你母親說的那樣對(duì)你有好處嗎？空前的people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air”和選項(xiàng)中的“your mother always said”亦是呼應(yīng)。
【37題詳解】
根據(jù)下一句中提到的“If the air you’re breathing is clean…the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen”可知，新鮮空氣充滿賦予人生命的，充滿活力的氧氣。下文中“…breathe more deeply, allowing more oxygen to get to your muscles and your brain”是對(duì)前文的遞進(jìn)：在戶外，更多的氧氣進(jìn)入你的肌肉和大腦。根據(jù)前面的分析可以推知，該空應(yīng)該提到新鮮空氣的基本作用，根據(jù)常識(shí)，我們知道吸入的空氣首先進(jìn)入的是肺部，然后才會(huì)使我們的肌肉和大腦受益，故該空應(yīng)選A選項(xiàng)：新鮮空氣清潔我們的肺部。
【38題詳解】
根據(jù)下一句中提到的“these places”可以推知，該空應(yīng)該提到表示地點(diǎn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。選項(xiàng)中只有G選項(xiàng)提到該類名詞，故選項(xiàng)G：在全國，康復(fù)中心已經(jīng)開始建造“康復(fù)花園”。these places就是指Healing Gardens。
【39題詳解】
前文介紹的是“康復(fù)花園”中的綠色植物對(duì)于病人康復(fù)的好的作用：綠色的正在成長的植物可以減輕壓力，降低血壓，使人情緒良好?？蘸筇岬?/span>“它給我們一種平和感”。該空起承上啟下的作用，仍然要提到處于“康復(fù)花園”這種自然環(huán)境中的好處，空后的it也要指代這種情況。故C選項(xiàng)切題：身處大自然可以使人精神煥發(fā)。
【40題詳解】
根據(jù)下文中提到的“the sun’s rays…give us beneficial Vitamin D”可知，該段介紹的陽光的好處。故該選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該提到陽光。選項(xiàng)中只有D選項(xiàng)涉及陽光。故選D：獲得新鮮空氣的另一個(gè)好處是陽光。
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第三部分 ?語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)
第一節(jié) (共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They ___41___?with them lots of waste. The ___42___?might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing, changing the ___43___?of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories, I’m ___44___?about the place —?other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.
However, I soon ___45___?that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of ___46___?among tons of rubbish. I find a ___47___?mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are ___48___?but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be ___49___.
The best of a Kilimanjaro ___50___, in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are ___51___?as spiritual places by many cultures. This ___52___?is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as ___53___?go through five ecosystems(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, ___54___?lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather ___55___?—?low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I ___56___?twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland ___57___: gravel(礫石), stones and rocks. ___58___?you climb into an arctic-like zone with ___59___?snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro ___60___?its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true.
41. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring
42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters
43. A. position B. age C. face D. name
44. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy
45. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate
46. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones
47. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean
48. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary
49. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away
50. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight
51. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded
52. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose
53. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials
54. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to
55. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits
56. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add
57. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake
58. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally
59. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial
60. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire
【答案】41. D ???42. C ???43. C ???44. B ???45. A ???46. C ???47. D ???48. C ???49. A ???50. B ???51. D ???52. A ???53. B ???54. D ???55. A ???56. C ???57. B ???58. D ???59. A ???60. B
【解析】
這是一篇夾敘夾議文。每年有4萬登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力馬扎羅山，他們帶來了垃圾，破壞了這里的環(huán)境。再加上冰川的消失，改變著它的地貌。對(duì)此作者對(duì)這個(gè)地方很是懷疑，想一探究竟。當(dāng)他來到這里，他發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)保措施很到位，同時(shí)作者發(fā)現(xiàn)乞力馬扎羅山有多種生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。作者認(rèn)為乞力馬扎羅山不應(yīng)該被譽(yù)為一座擠滿了破壞寧靜氛圍的游客的擁擠的山峰。
【41題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. keep保持；B. mix混合；C. connect聯(lián)系；D. bring帶來。句意：他們帶來了很多的垃圾。由“l(fā)ots of waste”可知，登山者帶來了很多的垃圾。故D選項(xiàng)切題。
【42題詳解】
考查名詞辨析。A. stories故事；B. buildings建筑物；C. crowds人群；D. reporters記者。句意：人群可能會(huì)破壞這個(gè)地方的美。由“40,000”可知，這是一個(gè)龐大的群體。故C選項(xiàng)切題。
【43題詳解】
考查名詞辨析。A.position位置；B.age年齡；C. face外貌；D. name名字。句意：冰川正在消失，改變著乞力馬扎羅山的地貌。冰川是乞力馬扎羅山地貌之一，所以冰山融化會(huì)改變它的地貌。故C選項(xiàng)切題。
【44題詳解】
考查形容詞辨析。A. silent 沉默的；B. skepetical懷疑的；C. serious嚴(yán)肅的；D. crazy瘋狂的。句意：聽到這些故事，我對(duì)這個(gè)地方產(chǎn)生了懷疑——其他旅游地被描述為“更純粹”的自然體驗(yàn)。由下文可知，作者親自來到了乞力馬扎羅山，作者想解開這個(gè)懷疑。故be skepetical about“對(duì)……懷疑”符合句意。故B選項(xiàng)切題。
【45題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；B. argue爭(zhēng)論；C. decide決定；D. advocate提倡。句意：然而，我很快發(fā)現(xiàn)，自從那些令人不安的關(guān)于營地周圍有成噸的垃圾的報(bào)道出現(xiàn)以來，情況發(fā)生了很大的變化。由“much has changed ”可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)了很大的變化。故A選項(xiàng)切題。
【46題詳解】
考查名詞辨析。A.equipment裝備?；B. grass 草C. camps 營地；D. stone石頭。句意：我很快發(fā)現(xiàn)，自從那些令人不安的關(guān)于營地周圍有成噸的垃圾的報(bào)道出現(xiàn)以來，情況發(fā)生了很大的變化。由下文“at camps ”可知，本句屬于原詞再現(xiàn)。故C選項(xiàng)切題。
【47題詳解】
考查形容詞辨析。A. remote遙遠(yuǎn)的；B. quiet安靜的C. tall高的; D. clean干凈的。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)了一座干凈的山，營地里和路邊都有廁所。由“with tolilet at camps and along the paths”可知，營地里和路邊都有廁所。所以這是一座干凈的山。故D選項(xiàng)切題。
【48題詳解】
考查形容詞辨析。A. new新的；B. special特殊的；C. significant相當(dāng)大的；D. necessary必要的。句意：環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)是巨大的，但坦桑尼亞國家公園管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回報(bào)。根據(jù)前文可知，很多的登山者來到乞力馬扎羅山以及冰川可能會(huì)消失。這對(duì)于環(huán)境來說是一個(gè)巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。故C選項(xiàng)切題。
【49題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A. paying off還清，報(bào)償；B.spreading out伸展；C. blowing up爆炸；D. fading away；逐漸消退。句意：環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)是巨大的，但坦桑尼亞國家公園管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回報(bào)。由“but”可知，前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明坦桑尼亞國家公園管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回報(bào)。故A選項(xiàng)切題。
【50題詳解】
考查名詞辨析。A. atmosphere氛圍；B. experience經(jīng)歷；C. experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；D.sight視力。句意：在我看來，來乞力馬扎羅最好的經(jīng)歷并不是到達(dá)頂峰。登山就是人生的一種經(jīng)歷。故B選項(xiàng)切題。
【51題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. studied學(xué)習(xí)；B. observed觀察；C. explored探索；D. regarded認(rèn)為。句意：山被許多文化視為精神場(chǎng)所。由“spiritual space ”,可知，山被許多文化視為精神場(chǎng)所。be regarded as“被視為......”符合句意。故D選項(xiàng)切題。
【52題詳解】
考查名詞辨析。A. view景色?；B.quality質(zhì)量?；C. reason原因；D. purpose目的?句意：在乞力馬扎羅，當(dāng)?shù)巧秸咴趲坠锏目臻g里穿越五個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)時(shí)，景色差異尤為明顯。有五個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，所以景色也是明顯的不同。故A選項(xiàng)切題。
【53題詳解】
考查名詞辨析。A. scientists科學(xué)家；B. climbers 登山者；C. locals當(dāng)?shù)厝耍?/span>?D. officials官員。句意：在乞力馬扎羅，當(dāng)?shù)巧秸咴趲坠锏目臻g里穿越五個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)時(shí)，景色尤為明顯。故A選項(xiàng)切題。來到乞力馬扎羅都是為了登山，也只有登山者能體驗(yàn)到五個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故B選項(xiàng)切題。
【54題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A.holding on to抓住；B. going back to回到（原來的話題）；C. living up to履行；D. giving way to向......讓步。句意：熱帶雨林在海拔3000米處突然到了盡頭，讓位于大片的低矮植物。這里指熱帶雨林在海拔3000米處突然到了盡頭，所以海拔3000米以上就是大片的低矮植物。?giving way to“向......讓步”符合句意。故D選項(xiàng)切題。
【55題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. changes改變；B. clears放晴；C. improves提高；?D.permits允許。句意：再往上走，天氣變了--低云籠罩著被厚厚的草覆蓋的山腰。由“l(fā)ow clouds ”可知，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)不同，天氣也是不同的，是變化的。故A選項(xiàng)切題。
【56題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. match匹配；B. imagine想象；C. count數(shù)；D.add增加。句意：我從站的地方數(shù)出了十二種綠色。由“twelve shades of green”可知，作者數(shù)出了十二種綠色。故C選項(xiàng)切題。
【57題詳解】
考查名詞辨析。A. village村莊；?B. desert 沙漠，荒地;C. road馬路；D.lake湖?。句意：海拔4000米以上是高山寒漠:礫石、石頭和巖石。由“grave,stones and rocks”可知，拔4000米以上是高山寒漠。故B選項(xiàng)切題。
【58題詳解】
考查副詞辨析。A.Obviously明顯地;B.Easily容易地;C.Consequently結(jié)果；D.Finally最后地。句意：海拔4000米以上是高地沙漠:礫石、石頭和巖石。生態(tài)系統(tǒng)最頂端也是最后一個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是冰川地區(qū)。故D選項(xiàng)切題。
【59題詳解】
考查形容詞辨析。A. permanent.永久的；B.little小的；C.fresh新鮮的；D.artifical人造的。句意：很明顯，你爬進(jìn)了一個(gè)類似北極的地帶，那里有著永久性的積雪和可能很快消失的冰川。由“arctic -like zone”可知，這是一個(gè)類似北極的地帶，所以有永久性的積雪。故A選項(xiàng)切題。
【60題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A. enjoy享受；B.deserve值得；C. save挽救;D. acquire獲得。句意：乞力馬扎羅山是一座擁擠的山，擠滿了成群的游客，破壞了寧靜的氣氛，它值得這樣的名聲嗎？。這里作者在疑問乞力馬扎羅山是不是應(yīng)該被譽(yù)為一座擠滿了破壞寧靜氛圍的游客的擁擠的山峰。以此在對(duì)后面的回答做好鋪墊。故B選項(xiàng)切題。
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第二節(jié) (共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___?they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ?___62___?(poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modem methods ___63___?tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___?(perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut ___65___?(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___66___?(believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ?___67___?(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(錯(cuò)覺) that populations are ___68___?(high) than they actually are. Of ___69___??nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ___70___?(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
【答案】61. that????
62. poorly????63. of/for????
64. to perform????
65. have report????
66. belief????67. noting????
68. higher????69. the????
70. are
【解析】
本文為科普文類說明文，介紹了北極熊的生存現(xiàn)狀。
【61題詳解】
考查同位語從句。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，主句為there be句型，且結(jié)構(gòu)完整，空格后為同位語從句，解釋說明中心詞evidence
內(nèi)容，故填that。
【62題詳解】
考查副詞用法。根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，此處用副詞poorly修飾謂語動(dòng)詞has been studied，意為“研究很少”。故填poorly。
【63題詳解】
考查介詞用法。此處tracking polar bear populations作Modern methods的定語，用of 連接，“methods of doing sth.”,意為“…的方法”，構(gòu)成固定結(jié)構(gòu)?；蛘咭鉃?/span>“對(duì)于跟蹤北極熊的方法”用for。故填of/for。
【64題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。主系表結(jié)構(gòu)之后，常用不定式作原因或目的狀語，句意：跟蹤北極熊的現(xiàn)代方法只是在二十世紀(jì)八十年代以來開始采用，并且在如此大區(qū)域內(nèi)持續(xù)采用是昂貴的，故此處用to perform。
【65題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文語境，尤其是時(shí)間狀語in recent years可知，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，故填have reported。
【66題詳解】
考查名詞。根據(jù)其前不定冠詞和其后的同位語從句可知，空格處為名詞形式，故填belief。
【67題詳解】
考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)其前介詞by可知，此處用動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式，故填noting。
【68題詳解】
考查形容詞比較級(jí)。根據(jù)其后than they actually are可知，此處為形容詞的比較級(jí)，故填higher。
【69題詳解】
考查定冠詞。此處為特指，意為“在已知的19個(gè)北極熊亞種群中”，故填the。
【70題詳解】
考查主謂一致。根據(jù)three are declining，此處數(shù)詞six作主語，代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”，故用復(fù)數(shù)謂語，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填are。
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第四部分 ?寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)
第一節(jié) ?短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)
71.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意:1每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。
I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident. One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football feel just in front of me but almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. To everyone`s surprising, the ball went into the net. All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. From now on, I started to play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.
【答案】interesting→interested
where→when
football前面加上a
but→and
hardly→hard
surprising→surprise
player→players
say→saying
now→then
去掉my
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇記敘文。作者講述了由于一次偶然的經(jīng)歷，自己喜歡上了踢足球。從此成了一名優(yōu)秀球員。
【詳解】1. 考查形容詞用法。“interest（使感興趣；使關(guān)注）”的形容詞有interesting（使人感興趣的）常修飾物；與interested（表現(xiàn)出興趣的）常修飾人。本句的意思為：多虧一個(gè)偶然的事件，我對(duì)踢足球產(chǎn)生了興趣。主語是I，故將interesting改為interested。
2. 考查定語從句。先行詞one ?afternoon表示時(shí)間在定語從句中作狀語，所以關(guān)系詞使用when。故將where改為when。
3. 考查冠詞。名詞football為可數(shù)名詞，前邊需要有限定詞。這里football第一次出現(xiàn)，故在football前加a。
4. 考查連詞。句意：突然一個(gè)足球落在我前邊并且差點(diǎn)打到我。“足球落下來”與“打到我”兩個(gè)動(dòng)作是順承關(guān)系，不是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故將but改為and。
5. 考查副詞。“hard（努力地；費(fèi)力地）”與“hardly（幾乎不；幾乎沒有）”都為副詞，但是詞義不同。本句意思為：我擋住足球，并使勁地將它踢回操場(chǎng)。故將hardly改為hard。
6. 考查固定搭配。“to one’s + 名詞”在句中表示結(jié)果，“to one’s ?surprise”意思為“使某人驚訝的是…”。故將surprising改為surprise。
7. 考查名詞的數(shù)。“player（運(yùn)動(dòng)員）”為可數(shù)名詞，所以all（所有的）后需要用player的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故將player改為players。
8. 考查現(xiàn)在分詞。本句句意：操場(chǎng)上所有的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員大聲歡呼，說我有足球天賦。句中謂語動(dòng)詞為cheered，say在這里作伴隨狀語。與主語players是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故將say改為saying。
9. 考查固定搭配。句意：從那時(shí)開始，我放學(xué)后跟同學(xué)一起踢足球。且“from now on（從現(xiàn)在開始）”后邊句子應(yīng)該表示從現(xiàn)在開始所發(fā)生動(dòng)作或存在的情況，不能用一般過去時(shí)。此處后面是一般過去時(shí)，表示“從那時(shí)起”是from then on，故將now改為then。
10. 考查固定搭配。“踢足球”的英語表達(dá)為“play football”，中間不能加冠詞或者代詞。故將my去掉。
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第二節(jié) ?書面表達(dá)(滿分25分)
72.假定你是李華，暑假在倫敦學(xué)習(xí)，得知當(dāng)?shù)孛佬g(shù)館要?jiǎng)“嬷袊嬚?。?qǐng)寫一封信申請(qǐng)做志愿者，內(nèi)容包括:
1.寫信目的:
2.個(gè)人優(yōu)勢(shì):
3.能做的事情。
注意:
1.詞數(shù)100左右；
2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
3.結(jié)束語已為你寫好。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I'm LiHua, an outgoing boy, who is studying in London. I am writing to apply to be a volunteer of your team, having heard that a Chinese Painting Exhibition will be held in this local city. I have some advantages for the job.
First of all, having lived in China for sixteen years and having learnt English since I was a child , I have a good command of English and Chinese, which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paintings. Besides, having a good knowledge of Chinese paintings because of my familiarity with Chinese painting culture, I can get foreigners and the locals to know more about it. Last but not least，through my introduction and efforts, I believe, I can strengthen the friendship between China and England. I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。
【詳解】1.審題立意
本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生寫申請(qǐng)信，人稱使用第一人稱和第二人稱，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在式。
2.謀篇布局
書信格式，稱呼和落款文中已經(jīng)給出。首段，寫信的目的，中間段寫個(gè)人優(yōu)勢(shì)和能做的事，最后一段總結(jié)。
3.關(guān)鍵詞
根據(jù)寫作要點(diǎn)及構(gòu)思好的提綱我們可以初步確定文章可能使用到的詞匯有：volunteer，a Chinese Painting Exhibition，local city，advantages，a good command of，beneficial for，familiarity with，appreciate ，take my application into consideration。通過詞匯鋪墊，我們就很容易地行文了，文章寫完之后要檢查文中是否存在拼寫或語法錯(cuò)誤，并增加一些細(xì)節(jié)和過渡性的詞匯，如First of all, Besides, to begin with，moreover，as for me，Last but not least，等，使全文銜接自然，語義流暢。
【點(diǎn)睛】本文首段開門見山，表達(dá)了寫信的目的；第2段詳細(xì)介紹了個(gè)人的優(yōu)勢(shì)和能做的事情，an outgoing boy, who is studying in London.此處使用了同位語和非限制性定語從句。having heard that a Chinese Painting Exhibition will be held in this local city.使用了分詞做狀語和賓語從句及被動(dòng)語態(tài)。having lived in China for sixteen years and having learnt English since I was a child, I have a good command of English and Chinese, which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paintings.使用了分詞和非限制性定語從句。另外First of all, Besides, Last but not least的使用使文章富有條理性。此外，還使用了高級(jí)句式結(jié)構(gòu)，如I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration條件狀語從句。
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