2018年英語中考?xì)w納復(fù)習(xí)專題：被動語態(tài)

【被動語態(tài)】

在英語中，動詞主要有兩種語態(tài)，即主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。當(dāng)主語為動作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，謂語動詞用主動語態(tài)；當(dāng)主語為動作的承受者時(shí)，謂語動詞用被動語態(tài)。

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當(dāng)我們不知道或者沒有必要說出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者，或者只需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者時(shí)，要用被動語態(tài)。如：Smoking isn’t allowed in the gas station.汽車加油站里面不允許吸煙。

Your work must be finished today.你們的工作必須今天完成。

常見時(shí)態(tài)（含情態(tài)動詞）的被動語態(tài)

被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。助動詞be有人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。常見時(shí)態(tài)（含情態(tài)動詞）的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成如下：

【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練1】

1.Today Chinese ____________ (teach) in many schools around the world.

2.Some famous paintings ______________ (show) in the hall next week.

3.A new school ____________ (set up) in my hometown last year.

4.—How often do I need to feed the dog?

—It ___ ?food every day,or it will be hungry. （ ????）

A.may give

B.may be given

C.must give

D.must be given

答案：is taught??will be shown??was set up D

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【被動語態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)】

【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練2】

1.Tea plants are ______ (grow) and ______ (use) to make tea.

2.Kang Jian found it interesting that so many products in the local shops ___________ (make) in China.

3.The music ___ the Moonlight Sonata. （ ????）

?A.sounds like ??????????????????????????????B.is heard

C.is sounded like ?????????????????????????D.is listening

4.An accident ___ on the road last night. （ ????）

A.has happened

B.was happened

C.Happened

D.was happening

答案：grown ?used ?were made A C

?【被動語態(tài)的固定搭配、句型】

1. be made of,be made from,be made in與be made by

   2.be used for,be used as與be used to do

   3.It is said/believed/reported/known that...

   【中考示例】

   I think all the heavy and difficult jobs ?_____ by machines and robots in the future.

   ( ????????)

   A.Do

   B.will do

   C.are done

   D.will be done

   【解析】考查動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：我認(rèn)為未來所有的重活、難度大的工作都將由機(jī)器和機(jī)器人來完成。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語in the future可知，此處應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)；主語jobs和謂語動詞do之間是被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合介詞by可知此處應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。

   【考題熱身】

   1.English ____________（speak) all over the world.

   2.The old car _____________（produce) in Germany in the 1960s.

   3.Teenagers should _________________（encourage) to solve their problems by themselves.

   4.The 24th Winter Olympic Games ____ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022,from February 4th to 20th. （ ????）

   A.is going to hold ????????????????????????B.hold

   C.will be held ??????????????????????????????D.was held

   5.This picture _____ by my cousin last year. （ ????）

   A.draws ??????????????????????????????????????B.drew

   C.is drawn ??????????????????????????????????D.was drawn

   6.It is reported that about 120 foreign soccer experts ____ to teach soccer school students. （ ????）

   A.invite ??????????????????????????????????????B.invited

   C.to be invited ???????????????????????????D.will be invited

   7.—Your bedroom is so clean.

   —Of course.It ?every day. （ ????）

   A.cleans ???????????????????????????????????B.cleaned

   C.is cleaned ?????????????????????????????D.was cleaned

   8.(2017·蘇州)—Why hasn’t Tony come?

   —The invitation letter ____ to Toby by accident.

   （ ????）

   A.was emailed ???????????????????????????B.has emailed

   C.is emailed ???????????????????????????????D.emailed

   9.The museum ___ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival. （ ?????）

   A.is decorated ????????????????????????????B.will decorate

   C.is decorating ???????????????????????????D.will be decorated

   10.Hangzhou ____ as the City of Silk.Tourists like shopping for silk there. （ ?????）

   A.Knows

   B.is known

   C.was known

   D.will be known

   答案：is spoken ?was produced ?be encouraged C D D C A D B

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