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?【 知 識 清 單】?????????????????????????????
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知識梳理:提綱挈領(lǐng),抓住重點和難點!
狀語從句,是中考的熱點,而且也是使用很廣泛的一個從句。對其考查的的形式比較多,有的試題直接考查的是從屬連詞的用法,有的試題是從句式的角度來進行考查等等。在復習時,主要掌握好狀語從句的常用句式,尤其是對于狀語從句的從屬連詞應該做到靈活掌握熟練運用。
內(nèi)容梳理:
知識點1狀語從句的分類
知識點2時間狀語從句的用法
知識點3地點狀語從句和條件狀語從句的用法
知識點4原因狀語從句和讓步狀語從句的用法
知識點5比較狀語從句和方式狀語從句的用法
知識點6目的狀語從句和結(jié)果狀語從句的用法
??各類狀語從句連接詞(短語)一覽表:
時間
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when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, before
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條件
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If, unless
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原因
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As, because, since
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地點
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Where
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目的
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So that, in order that
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結(jié)果
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So that, so…that, such…that
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讓步
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though, although, even if, however
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方式
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As
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比較
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than, (not)as…as,
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各個從句舉例
時間狀語從句:
Whenever?he comes, he brings a friend. 他每次來都帶個朋友。
條件狀語從句:
As long as?I am alive, I will go on studying. 只要我活著, 我就要學習。
原因狀語從句:
Since?we live near the sea, we enjoy nice weather.由于我們住在海邊,能享受到好的天氣。
地點狀語從句:
Put it where?we can all see it.把它放在我們都能看到的位置。
目的狀語從句:
Finish this so that?you can start another.把這個做完,你可以開始另一個。
結(jié)果狀語從句:
He was so?angry that?he couldn’t say a word. 他氣得說不出話了。
讓步狀語從句:
Though?he is in poor health, he works hard.雖然他身體不好,但是他工作很努力。
方式狀語從句:
Students do as?the teachers say.學生們按照老師說的去做。
比較狀語從句:
The work isn’t as?easy as?I thought.這項工作比我想象得難。
知識點2時間狀語從句的用法
從屬連詞
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用法
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例句
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While
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“與……同時,在……期間”,從句常用延續(xù)性動詞或表示狀態(tài)的詞
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They rushed in while we were singing. 我們唱歌時,他們沖進來。
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When
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“當……時”,表示主句的動作和從句的動作同時或先后發(fā)生,從句的動詞可用延續(xù)性動詞,也可用非延續(xù)性動詞
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It was raining when we arrived.我們到達時,天正下著雨。
He was working when I went in. 我進去時他正在工作。
When she heard the news, she began to cry. ?她聽到這個消息,她哭了起來。
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As
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“正當,一邊·····一邊,隨著”,表示兩個動作同時發(fā)生或某事發(fā)生時,另一個動作發(fā)生了
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As time went on, his theory proved to be correct.隨著時間的推移,他的理論被證明是正確的。
John sings as he walks home.
約翰一邊往家走一邊唱歌。
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Till/until
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用于肯定句時,表示“直到……為止”,主句必須為延續(xù)性動詞;not.. .until/till表示“直到……才”,主句常用短暫性動詞
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We shall wait until/till he comes back.我們將一直等到他回來。
He didn’t go to bed until he finished his homework. 他直到做完作業(yè)才睡覺。
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Since
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“自……以來”,主句用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在完成時,從句用一般過去時
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I have heard。lot of good things about you sin
from abroad.自從我從國外回來,我已經(jīng)聽許多好的事情。
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Before
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在……以前
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He must finish all the work before he goes home.回家之前他必須完成所有的工作。
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After
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在…..之后
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Iet's play football after school is over.放學后我們打籃球吧。
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知識點3地點狀語從句和條件狀語從句的用法
分類
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從屬連詞
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例句
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地點狀語從句
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where在……地方,wherever,無論哪里
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Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者,事竟成
Wherever you go,you must obey the law.
無論你去哪兒,你都要遵守法律。
You can sit wherever you like. ?
你喜歡坐在哪里就坐在哪里。
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條件狀語從句
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if如果;unless除非,如果不
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If Y make any ?mistakes,please point them out in time.如果我犯錯誤,請及時指出來。
Don't ask me to explain unless you really don't understand.不要讓我解釋,除非你真的不懂。
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in case假使,萬一
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Write down her telephone number in case ?you forget.把她的電話號碼記下來萬一你忘了呢。
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so/as long as只要,
如果
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You can go out as/so long as you promise to be back before 11 o'clock.你可以出去,只要你答應在點前回來
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【知識拓展】
在條件狀語從句中,一般要用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時,一般過去時代替過去將來時。
例如:Unless it rains, the game will be played.(= If it doesn’t rain, the game will be played.)
如果不下雨,比賽就將進行。
As long as you tell truth , I’ll try to help you.
只要你說出真相,我就盡力幫助你。
??if引導條件狀語從句和賓語從句的區(qū)別:
①?if引導條件狀語從句,表示“如果”,主句用一般將來時態(tài),從句用一
般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。例如:
If it doesn't rain, I will go to the cinema tomorrow.
如果明天不下雨,我就去看電影。
(2)if引導賓語從句,表示“是否”,如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時,從句可用各種對應的時態(tài); 如果主句是一般過去時,從句用過去的某種時態(tài)。例如:
I didn't know if he would come tomorrow.我不知道他明天是否會來
知識點4原因狀語從句和讓步狀語從句的用法
分類
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從屬連詞
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例句
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原因
狀語
從句
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because因為,as,因為,since既然
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I often eat carrots because they are good for my health.
我經(jīng)常吃胡蘿卜是因為對我的身體有好處。
As I don’t know the way, I had to ask the policeman.
由于我不知道路,所以我不得不問警察。
Since we are all here, let's reach a decision now.
既然大家都來了,現(xiàn)在讓我們做決定吧。
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讓步
狀語
從句
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although/though
雖然,盡管
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Though he is very poor, he is very happy.
他雖然很窮,但他很快樂。
Although he is young, he is very clever.
他盡管年輕,但很聰明。
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盡管as
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Hard as I tried, I was unable to make great progress.
盡管我盡力了,但是仍然不能取得大的進步。
Clever as he is, he doesn't study well.
盡管他聰明,但是他學習并不好。
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even if/even though即使
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Even if he is very busy, he always helps me.
即使他很忙,他也總是幫助我。
I will have a try even though I should fail.
即使會失敗,我也要試一下。
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whether... or…不管……還是……
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Whether the weather is good or bad,we will set off as planned.
?不管天氣是好還是壞,我們都將按計劃啟程。 ???????????????????
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whatever/whoever/whenever/however等詞可以引導狀語從句
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No matter which (Whichever) road you take, you will arrive safely.不管你走哪條路,你都能安全到達。
However (No matter how) expensive it may be, I'll take it.
無論它有多貴,我都要買下它。
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知識點5比較狀語從句和方式狀語從句的用法
分類
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從屬連詞
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例句
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比較狀
語從句
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than比,as... as和····一樣
not as/so... as ..…不如…, the
more…the more...越……就越……
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He can ?run faster than you (can).他能跑得比你快。
The result was not as/so good as I had expected.結(jié)果不如我所預料的那么好。
The busier he is the happier lie feels.他越忙越覺得開心。
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方式狀
語從句
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as正如,像,按照
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When in Rome,do as the Romans do.人鄉(xiāng)隨俗。
Would you please do the experiment as I am doing?請你按照我做的方法來做實驗
好嗎?
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方式狀
語從句
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as if/as though好像
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The boss speaks aloud as if he is very angry.
老板大聲說著話,好像他很生氣。
He acted as though nothing had happened.
他表現(xiàn)得好像什么也沒有發(fā)生。
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知識點6目的狀語從句和結(jié)果狀語從句的用法
結(jié)果狀語從句在主句中表示結(jié)果。其連接詞有:so…that…(如此……以至于……),such… that…(如此……以至于……)等。
例如:
It’s such a good chance that you can’t miss it.
這次機會如此好,你不能失去它。
注意:
so…that 和 such …that 都可以引導結(jié)果狀語從句,注意so和such后面所接的詞不同。
(1) such... that
such+a(an)+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that從句
such+形容詞+復數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+that從句
例如:
He was such an honest man that he was praised by the teacher.
他非常誠實,因而受到了老師的表揚。
They are such interesting novels that I want to read them once again.
這些小說非常有趣,我想再讀一遍。
(2)但是如果名詞前由many、much、few、little(少)等詞修飾,則用so。
例如:
He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.
他摔了很多跤,以至于全身上下青一塊,紫一塊的。
(3) so ... that
so+形容詞/副詞.+that從句
so+形容詞+a(an)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that從句
例如:
He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him.
他跑得非??欤瑳]人能追上他。
Dr. Wang is so good that everybody loves and respects him.
=He is so good a doctor that everybody loves and respects him.
=He is such a good doctor that everybody loves and respects him.
他是一位好醫(yī)生,大家都尊敬并愛戴他。
知識點7 目的狀語從句:
目的狀語從句在主句中表示目的。其連接詞有:so(以便),so that(為了),in order that(為了)等,從句中多用情態(tài)動詞can, will, may, should 等。
例如:
He got up very early so that he could catch the first train.
他起床很早以便于趕第一班火車。
I will run slowly so that you can catch up with me. ??
我慢慢跑以便你能趕上我。
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