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必會詞匯
1. block ?[bl?k]??n. 一幢樓房
???【提示】 block既可以用來表示“大樓；大廈”，也可以表示“兩條街間的距離”或“由四條馬路圍成的方形樓房區(qū)”。
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2. architect ??['ɑ:kitekt]???n. 建筑師
???【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】 architecture ?['ɑ:kitekt??]???n. 建筑；建筑物
???Good architects know how to design buildings to fit into the land. ?
好的建筑師知道怎樣設(shè)計使得建筑物與地形相協(xié)調(diào)。
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3. construction ?[k?n'str?k??n]??n. 建筑
???【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】 construct ?[k?n'str?kt]???v. 建造；構(gòu)造
???This is a fine construction. ?這是一個完美的建筑物。
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4. company ??['k?mp?ni]??n. 公司
???【近義詞】business ?['bizn?s]??n. 公司，企業(yè)
批注：程度較好的學(xué)生可以跟孩子說company作動詞“陪伴”的意思，提起孩子的興趣。
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5. type ???[taip]??v. 打字
???【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】 typist ?['taipist]???n. 打字員
???Please type this letter right away and send it to Mr Smith. ?請趕快把這封信打好并寄給史密斯先生。
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6. removal ??[ri'mu:v?l]????n. 搬遷；遷移
???That company does removals. ??那家公司承辦搬運業(yè)務(wù)。
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7. ambulance ?['?mbjul?ns]??n. 救護車
???The light was red but the ambulance drove straight through.
???紅燈亮著，但救護車徑直開了過去。
批注：這個單詞比較長，很多孩子總是記不住，可以告訴孩子一個比較好玩卻有快捷的記憶方式，“俺不想死”是單詞ambulance的諧音，又比較詼諧，可以考慮在課上提提。
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8. rescue ??['reskju:]???v. 營救
???【比較】 rescue與save
???rescue常指采取直接的行動而免于即刻發(fā)生的傷害或危險，強調(diào)是不失時機地使某人、某物免遭傷害、免受危險或避免死亡。如：
???We rescued the boy who fell into the river. ?我們救起了掉進河里的男孩。
???save指保證安全或防止危險、傷害或惡果發(fā)生的行為，強調(diào)被救的人可繼續(xù)其生命。如：
???The young soldier saved the little girl from the fire. ?年輕的士兵從大火中救出了小女孩。
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9. deliver ???[di'liv?]???v. 分發(fā)；遞送
???【近義詞】 send ??[send]???v. 投遞；傳遞
???The mailman delivered the letters on time. ?那個郵差準時地投遞了信件。
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10. parcel ??['pɑ:sl]??n. 包裹
???She sent me the present by parcel post. ?她用包裹郵寄的方式把禮物寄給了我。
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11. n neighbour ???['neib?]???n. 鄰居
【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】 neighbourhood ?['neib?hud]???n. 鄰近地區(qū)；住宅區(qū)
Britain’s nearest neighbour is France. ??英國最近的鄰居是法國。
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12. manager ??['m?nid??]???n. 經(jīng)理
???【詞性轉(zhuǎn)換】 manage ??['m?nid?]?v. 管理；經(jīng)營 ????????management ?['m?nid?m?nt]????n. 管理；管理學(xué)
???Our manager is very strict with us. ??我們的經(jīng)理對我們要求很嚴格。
批注：對于manage做動詞的用法可以在此適當提及，并且對于程度好的學(xué)生，可以讓孩子知道manage和succeed的區(qū)別和相同之處。
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13. both...and... ??……兩者都
???【提示】 both...and...連接的兩個成分須在形式、時態(tài)、詞性等方面完全一致。
如：Both Bach and Beethoven could write great music. ?
巴赫與貝多芬都能譜寫偉大的樂曲。（連接兩個主語）
????????The opportunity both excited and worried me. ?這機會既使我激動又令我憂慮。（連接兩個謂語動詞）
批注：用牛津教材的孩子在預(yù)初已學(xué)習(xí)過“neither…nor”, “either…or”，在這里可以幫助孩子總結(jié)下，尤其是要孩子注意both…and和neither…nor是互為反義詞的，另外注意，它們連接主語時的謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)問題。
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14. broken ??['br?uk?n]??adj. 傷殘的；破損的
???He speaks broken English. ?他的英語說得結(jié)結(jié)巴巴。
批注：要開始幫助孩子不規(guī)則動詞的過去式和過去分詞。
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15.?scene ??[si:n]????n. 現(xiàn)場；地點
This play is divided into three acts, and each act has three scenes.
這個劇分為三幕，每一幕有三個場景。
練習(xí)：
IV. Fill in the blanks with the given words in their proper forms.
1. When I am sad, Tom always tells me some jokes to make me feel____________. (good)
2. My uncle works in a company. (remove)
3. Be , or you will miss the earliest bus to Shanghai. (quickly)
4. Mr Wang is the kindest I have met. (manage)
5. There is a new near my house. The bread there is tasty. (bake)
???【Keys】1. better ??2. removal ??3. quick ??4. manager ??5. bakery
二、必會詞組
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live in the same block of flats ?住在同一幢樓
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make sick people better 使病人康復(fù)
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an architect 一位建筑設(shè)計師
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draw plans of buildings 畫建筑圖紙
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a construction company 一家建筑公司
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type letters 打字
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type v. –typewriter n. –typist n. 打字 v. -打字機n. -打字員 n.
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a removal man 一個搬運工
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a removal company 一家搬運公司
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move furniture to people’s flats 搬家具到人們家
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much furniture 許多家具
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a piece of furniture 一件家具
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work in a hospital 在醫(yī)院工作
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work in an office 在辦公室工作
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work for a construction company 為一家建筑公司工作
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What job do they do?/ What are their jobs?/ What are they? 他們做什么工作？
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They have/do different jobs. 他們做不同的工作。
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neighbourhood n. 街區(qū) neighbour n.鄰居
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wears a uniform at work 在工作中穿制服？
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an ambulance worker 一位救護人員
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drive sick people to the hospital quickly. 快速地把病人送進醫(yī)院
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rescue people / save people 救人
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deliver letters and parcels 送信和包裹
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make … a safe place 使…成為一個安全的地方
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meet sb. in the lift 在電梯里遇見某人
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in the city centre= in the centre of the city 在市中心
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go to meetings = attend meetings 參加會議
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take notes for the manager 為經(jīng)理記錄筆記
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a survey on jobs 一個關(guān)于工作的調(diào)查
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waiter n. 男性服務(wù)員 waitress n. 女性服務(wù)員 n.
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come towards 朝…過來
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knock sb. down ???????把某人撞倒
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catch fire = be on fire ?????????????著火
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motorcycle -- motorcyclist ?摩托車--摩托車手
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be hurt / get hurt in an accident 在事故中受傷
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arrive at 到達+小地點 ?arrive in 到達+大地點
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a broken arm ?????折斷的手臂
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a broken leg ?????折斷的腿
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stop the traffic ???攔下交通
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call the fire engine ?打電話叫消防車
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at the scene of the accident 在事故現(xiàn)場
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take sb. home ?把某人帶回家
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carry into the ambulance搬進救護車
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two days later兩天以后
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ran away ?逃跑
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immediately ad. 立刻
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on his way to school 在他上學(xué)的路上
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on my way home ?在我回家的路上
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on their way to the cinema在他們?nèi)ル娪霸旱穆飞?/span>
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street cleaners街道清掃工
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sweep the streets ?掃馬路
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collect rubbish ?收垃圾
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empty the rubbish bin 清空垃圾箱
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see sb. doing sth. 看見某人正在做某事
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start work early ?早早開始工作
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sell sth. to sb. ?把某物賣給某人
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sell v. 出售 ??seller n.賣家 ?salesman n 銷售員 ??sale n. 銷售
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on sale ?打折促銷 ?for sale供銷售
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buy sth. from sb. 從某人那里購買某物
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buy sth. for sb. ?為某人購買某物
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bake v. 烘烤??baker n.面包師??bakery n.面包房
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a flower shop一家花店
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a newspaper stall ??一個報攤
練習(xí)：
用所給詞語正確形式填空：
1. If you want to keep fit, you must eat ???????(health) food.
2. There are many ???????(sheep) eating grass on the hill.
3. My father always ???????(feel) happy when I do well in my study.
4. One of the ???????(dance) over there is his sister.
5. You should be ???????(care) with your health.
6. He ???????(have) an MP3 now.
7. Could you tell me how ???????(make) a kite, please?
8. Thank you for ???????(plan) so well.
9. Listen! Who ???????(call) for help?
10. You should ???????(listen) carefully in class.
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句型轉(zhuǎn)換
1. I would like a cup of tea. (改為一般疑問句)
?????????????????like a cup of tea?
2. Which is your favorite book? (改為同義句)
??Which book ???????you like ????????
3. Thanks for your help. (改為同義句)
??Thank you ???????????????me.
4. There is a knife on the table. (改為復(fù)數(shù)句)
??There ???????????????????????on the table.
5. He likes rice and noodles. (改為否定句)
??He ???????????????rice ???????noodles.
6. It’s time for lunch now. (改為同義句)
??It’s time ???????????????lunch now.
三、必會語法
一般現(xiàn)在時
1.表示普遍真理或客觀事實。
Light travels faster than sound.
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2.表示現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣動作或狀態(tài)。
She is always ready to help others.
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3.表示將來時間（用于某些條件狀語從句和時間狀語從句中）。
?We will save time if we drive instead of taking a bus.
I will make a phone call to you as soon as I reach the destination.
4. 一般現(xiàn)在時的動詞形式通常與動詞原形相同，但在主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，詞尾加-s或 -es，其規(guī)則如下：
1) 一般動詞都在詞尾加-s，如:digs, sings, looks, lives, cleans 等。
2) 當動詞以s，sh, ch, x，o 結(jié)尾時，加-es，如：presses，washes, watches, fixes, goes 等。
3) 當動詞以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾時，先將y成變i，再加-es,如:flies, cries, studies等。
如動詞以元音字母+y結(jié)尾時，直接加-s,如:says, buys, plays等。
5. 動詞be的一般現(xiàn)在時，依據(jù)不同人稱和數(shù)分別釆用am, is, are三種形式。
動詞have的一般現(xiàn)在時，依據(jù)不同人稱和數(shù)分別釆用have, has兩種形式。
6. 一般現(xiàn)在時常用的時間狀語：often, always, usually, sometimes, every day, once a week 等。
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—般過去時
1.表示過去某時發(fā)生的事情。
The traffic accident happened ten minutes ago.
2.表示過去的習(xí)慣動作。
When he was young, my father often swam in the river.
3.—般過去時的動詞形式除不規(guī)則動詞外，通常以動詞原形加-ed表示，即動詞的過去式;動 詞be的過去式為was, were。動詞過去式的規(guī)則如下：
1)一般動詞都在詞尾加-ed，如：played，listened, turned, fixed, looked 等。
2)當動詞以e 結(jié)尾時，只加-d，如：liked，danced, agreed, skated 等。
3)當動詞以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾時，先將y成變i，再加-ed，如：cried,studied, carried等。
4) 當動詞為重讀閉音節(jié)或以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾時，要重復(fù)詞尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如： stopped, preferred, regretted 等。
4.一般過去時常用的時間狀語有：yesterday，last year, three days ago, just now, in 1978 等。
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練習(xí)一：寫出下列動詞的過去式
1.look— ???????????2. live— ??????????3. stop— ?????????4. carry— ??????
5.hope— ???????6. trip— ??????????7. call— ??????8. finish— ??????
9. want— ?????????10. are— ????????11. go— ??????????12. have— ?????
13. do— ??????????14. get— ????????15.come— ????????16. say—
答案：1. looked ?2. lived ?3. stopped ?4. carried ?5. hoped ??6. tripped ?7. called ??8. finished ?
9. wanted ?10. were ?11. went ?12. had ?13. did ??14. got ??15. came ?16.said
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練習(xí)二：用所給動詞的適當時態(tài)填空。
1. The bank robbery ????????????(happen) last night.
2. Water ????????????(boil) at the temperature of 100°C .
3. This kind of TV ???????????? (make) in Shanghai.
4. In the past, there ????????????(be) only single-decker buses.
5. Matter ????????????(change) from one state to another.
6. The electric light ????????????(invent) by Edison.
7 ??????????????(raise) your hand if you ????????????(know) the answer.
8. Tom (drop) the vase(花瓶）and ????????????(break) it a moment ago.
9. Yesterday he ????????????(not realize) what a serious mistake he (make).
10. The First World War ????????????(take) place in 1914. Old John ????????????(fight) in it.
keys: 1. happened 2.boils 3. is made 4. were 5. changes 6. was invented 7. Raise, how
?8. dropped, broke ?9. didn’t realize, had made 10. took, fought
練習(xí)三：填空
1. ____ she ____(sing)a song last night?
2. --Were there any people in the room? ??(作否定回答)
???--______, _______ _______nobody.
3. --_____(be) they at work this morning?
????--Yes. They ______ (have)a meeting together.
4. --______ Joe ______ (do)well in the long-distance running?
???--Yes, he _______.
5. –Where _____ Tina’s Family____(go)last Summer?
???--They _______ (go)to New York for their vacation.
答案：1. Did; sing ??2. No; there was ???3. Were; had ?4. Did; do, did ??5. Did go; went
練習(xí)四：用be動詞的適當形式填空
1. I ______ an English teacher now.
2. She _______ happy yesterday.
3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.
4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.
5. The little dog _____ two years old this year.
6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.
7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday.
8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children's Day. All the students ______ very excited.
答案：1. am ??2. was ?3. were ?4. are ?5. is ??6. are ??7. is ?8. is, was, was, were
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