???2020屆中考語(yǔ)法專練之 賓語(yǔ)從句講解及配套真題專練
賓語(yǔ)從句在中考中主要考查：賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞、賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序及賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)應(yīng)及反義疑問(wèn)句等。
1. 賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞
(1)賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞有三種：
1）that；
2）whether/ if；
3）特殊疑問(wèn)詞what/ when/ where/ who等。
He said that?he could help me. 他說(shuō)他能夠幫助我。
Your mother asked?if?you could finish your work this week.
你媽媽問(wèn)這個(gè)星期你能否完成工作。
Can you tell me when?the sports meeting will begin？
你能告訴我運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將在什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始嗎？
(2).?that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句：
that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句的特征：
1）一般都是由陳述句充當(dāng)，
2）引導(dǎo)詞that沒(méi)有實(shí)際意義，不在從句中作任何成分，
3)that可以省略，
Do you think (that) it will rain? 你認(rèn)為天會(huì)下雨嗎？
He said (that) he could come on time. 他說(shuō)他會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)來(lái)的。
(3) whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句：
whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句的特征：
1）語(yǔ)序由原來(lái)的倒裝語(yǔ)序變成陳述語(yǔ)序。
2）whether和if意為“是否”。
Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday.
請(qǐng)讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。
I don’t care whether you like the story or not.
我不在乎你是否喜歡這個(gè)故事。
3）只用whether不用if。
1) 接帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式。
2)與or not連用時(shí)。
She doesn’t know whether to go to the zoo. 她不知道是不是去動(dòng)物園。
I’m not sure whether or not he will come on time. 他能否準(zhǔn)時(shí)來(lái)，我說(shuō)不準(zhǔn)。
(3) 特殊疑問(wèn)詞what/ when/ where/ who等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句：
1)此類賓語(yǔ)從句原來(lái)是特殊疑問(wèn)句，變成賓語(yǔ)從句后要用陳述語(yǔ)序，
2)由wh-開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)。包括who, whom, whose, what, which等連接代詞在從句中做主，賓，表，定，并不能省略
3）where, when, how, why等連接副詞，做狀語(yǔ)，不能省略。
Could you tell me which gate we have to go to?
請(qǐng)問(wèn)我們得走哪個(gè)門(mén)？
He didn’t tell me how long he would stay here.
他沒(méi)有告訴我他要在這里呆多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。
2. 賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序
由whether/ if和特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述語(yǔ)序，原來(lái)的倒裝語(yǔ)序改成陳述語(yǔ)序時(shí)注意相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞的變化等。
Where does?your father work? Can you tell us? ?→Can you tell us where your father?works?
Did you get?home very late? He asked me. ?→ He asked me if I got home very late.
3. 賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)應(yīng)
(1) 如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況用各種時(shí)態(tài)。
My teacher?says he will be back in a week. （一般將來(lái)時(shí)）
我的老師說(shuō)他將在一個(gè)星期后回來(lái)。
My teacher says he is watching TV. （現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）
My teacher says he has seen the movie. （現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）
我的老師說(shuō)他已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了。
(2）如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。
My father said he was watching TV at that time.（過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)）
My father said the he had already seen?the movie. （過(guò)去完成時(shí)）
注意：如果賓語(yǔ)從句是表示客觀真理和規(guī)律的句子時(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
Our teacher told?us the sun?is?much bigger than the earth. （一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）
4. 賓語(yǔ)從句的反義疑問(wèn)句
主句如果是I think/ believe/ imagine/ suppose/ guess/ expect等，從句的否定一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，其反意疑問(wèn)句與從句一致。例如：
I don’t think they’ll?wait to the last minute，will they？?
I don’t believe he did?this,?did he?
1. –Excuse me, could you tell me ___________?(2019.江蘇淮安)
A. when he was born B. how far is it from here
? C. what does he look like ???????????? D. where he leaves for yesterday
2. — Did you notice ________________in her office? (2019.北京)
— Yes. She was going over our writing.
A. what was Miss Lin doing ??????? B. what Miss Lin was doing
C. what does Miss Lin do ???????? D. what Miss Lin does
3. —Tom, do you know ____?(2019甘肅蘭州)
—In Beijing.
-
where will the 24th Winter Olympics be held
-
where the 24th Winter Olympics will hold
-
where the 24th Winter Olympics will be held
-
where will the 24th Winter Olympics hold
4. The teacher asked Li Hua?????????????.?(2019甘肅天水)
A. why is he late for class ?????????????
B. why he is late for class
C. why was he late for class ??????????
?D. why he was late for class
5. —Have you decided ____ the Expo 2019 Beijing? (2019廣東)
—This summer holiday.
A. How are you going to ?????B. how you are going to
C. when are you going to D. when you are going to
6．（1分）﹣﹣﹣I want to know _____we will have the meetting．（ 2019廣西百色 ）
﹣﹣﹣Maybe in the classroom．?
A．where B．when C．who D．whether
7．（1分）﹣﹣﹣Do you know_____________？
﹣﹣﹣Yes， we'll take a bus there． (2019廣西北部灣)
A．When we will go the museum tomorrow．
B．When will we go to the museum tomorrow．
C．how we will go to the museum tomorrow．
D．how will we go to the museum tomorrow．
8．（1分）﹣Could you please tell me?????？
﹣Yes．?He went there by plane last week．?(2019廣西貴港)
A．where Mr．?Brown will go
B．how Mr．?Brown went to Beijing
C．how long Mr．?Brown has been in Beijing
D．when did Mr．?Brown go to Beijing
9. —Ben, could you tell me__________?
—He’s my cousin from Shenzhen.?(2019廣西玉林)
A. who he is ??????B. where is she ????
C. who is he ??????D. where he is
10. -Could you please tell me _______________?（2019 貴州安順）
-It's next to the People's Bank of China.
A. where is Wang Ruofei Square ???????B. where Wang Ruofei Square is
C. where was Wang Ruofei Square ????? D. where Wang Ruofei Square was
11．（1分）﹣﹣﹣Sandy，?do you know______？
﹣﹣﹣Yes，?Some news about black holes．?(2019 海南)
A．what Tom is searching for
B．what is Tom searching for
C．who Tom is searching for
12.Before you ask someone for help, find out ___________he is the right person for your problem.?(2019 河南)C
A. since B. that C. whether D. unless??
13.Excuse me,could you tell me ____ ? (2019黑龍江大慶)
A.where is the railway station
B. how can I get to the railway station
C. where ?the railway station is
D.how do I get to the railway station
14.—Excuse?me,?could?you?tell?me ____?
—Certainly.?Go?along?the?street?and?you?will?find?it?on?the?right.
A.?how?can?I?get?to?the?radio?station
B. how?I?can?get?to?the?radio?station
C. why?I?can?get?to?the?radio?station
15. Which of the following sentences is correct? (2019黑龍江齊齊哈爾)
A. I wonder what’s the matter with her.
B. My mother asked me what I do with my pocket money.
C. Could you please tell me where is the nearest hospital?
16. Grace wonders ________ she should do next. (2019黑龍江綏化)
A. how B. what C. that
17.?—I don’t know___ ???_during the summer vacation. Do you have any advice? (2019湖北黃岡)
—?How about visiting Beijing International Horticultural Expo(北京國(guó)際園藝博覽會(huì))?
????A. what should I do ??????????????B. when should I go
????C. what I should do ??????????????D. when I should go
18.—Iam worried about____I can entera good high school or not. (2019 湖北咸寧)
—Take it easy. Believe in yourself!
????A. that ???B. when ???C. whether ???D. where
19．—1 wonder ___________ in Guangzhou in two hours. (2019湖北黃石)
????-Of course．The high speed train is very fast．
????A.When I Can arrive ???B.When Can I arrive
C.whether I can arrive ???D.whether can I arrive
20. Zhong Wei told his friends ________to be back to his hometown. (2019 湖北孝感)
??A. how happy he is ?????????????????? B. how happy he was
??C. he is how happy ?????????????????? D. he was how happy
21. -Could you please tell me ___________?mooncakes traditionally in China, Li Hua?
???-During the Mid-autumn Festival.?(2019湖南邵陽(yáng))
?? A. when people ate ????????? B. when people eat ?????? C. when do people eat
22. -Could you please?tell me ____________?I can buy some stamps??(2019湖南益陽(yáng))
???-Yes. There is a post office on Center Street.
????A. why ???????????????????? B. where C. when
23. -Could you tell me ___________ the music? （2019江蘇常州）
- He used traditional Chinese music art?and the sounds of an ancient Chinese bell.
A. how he made ???? B. how did he make
C. why he made D. why did he make
24. -Excuse me, I'm afraid we're lost. Could you tell us __________?
???-Sure. Go along the street for about 15 minutes, and then you'll see it.（2019江蘇省連云港）
?? A. how can I get to Wanda Shopping Mall B. where Wanda Shopping Mall is
?? C. how far is Wanda Shopping Mall ?????? D. where is Wanda Shopping Mall
25. —Could you please tell me ??????????????（2019南通江蘇）
???—With pleasure. Wait a moment, please.
A. if the scarf looked nice on me ?????????????B. what’s the new product like
C. that Guilin is worth visiting ???????????????D. how I can order a robot online
26.?–What did Mr. Wang ask you just now? (2019江蘇宿遷)
???- He asked me ___________yesterday afternoon.
A. why I am absent from school B. Why I was absent from school
C. why am I absent from school D. why was absent from school
27. - Next Friday is my mother's birthday. I'm thinking about _________. （2019江蘇泰州）
???_ Good boy! And please give my best wishes to her.
??? A. what present I gave her ????????? B. how I can give her a surprise
C. if I planned a party for her ??????? D. where will my family have a big meal
28. She was so angry at ______he was doing ______she walked out without a word.?(2019呼和浩特)
??????A. what; that ????????????????????B. that ; what ???????????
??????C. what ; what ???????????????????D. that ; that
29. Are babies carefree (無(wú)憂無(wú)慮)? Anew study from the US says that 2-year-old babies care
????about?_________________.（2019山東臨沂）
A. how other saw them ????? B. how do others see them ??
C. how others see them
30. –Could you tell me_______________?
???-Sure. Go down the street, you can find it at the second crossing! (2019山東濱州)
A. where is the supermarket B. where the supermarket is
C. when does the supermarket open D. when the supermarket opens
31. –?Do you know ____________Grandma is going to visit us? (2019江蘇鹽城)
???-Next Saturday. She told me on the phone.
A. where B. why C. when D. whether
32. –Excuse me, could you please tell me___________?(2019江蘇鹽城)
???-Sure. It’s on Jianjun Road.
A. where can I find the museum B. where I can find the museum
C. how far the museum is from here D. how far is the museum from here
33. —Kate, do you know _____?(2019江蘇揚(yáng)州)
??—I’m not sure. Maybe a Bird-watching Society worker.
???A. where can I watch birds ???B. what is the man with a camera
???C. where I can watch birds ???D. what the man with a camera is
34. -Do you believe that humans could live on Mars?
???-I?don't?think _____________________.（2019江蘇鎮(zhèn)江）
A.?if?it comes true B. that it will come true
C. why it will come true D. how does it?come true
35. - Hi, Alice. I wonder ___________?.?(2019遼寧撫順)
???- I often go swimming in the sports center.
? A. where you skate ?????????????????? B. what you do on the weekend
C. when you exercise ????????????????? D. whether you enjoy your weekend
36．-I?wonder?______．
-I'm?not?sure，but?I?hope?so．It?has?been?dry?for?two?months．（ 2019遼寧省葫蘆島 ）
|
A．if?it?will?rain?tomorrow
|
|
B．why?it?doesn't?rain
|
|
C．when?the?rain?will?stop
|
|
D．how?long?the?rain?will?last
|
37.—Could you please tell me▲? （2019遼寧鐵嶺）
—Sure.Go to the third floor，please.
A.which postcards I should take ??????????B.what kind of postcards you have
C.when I should pay for the postcards ?????D.where I can get some postcards
38．（1分）﹣﹣Linda，could you remember___？
﹣﹣Have you forgotten we agreed to go to Hongkong？（ 2019年四川省達(dá)州?。?/span>
A．where are we going after exam
B．where we are going after the exam
C．where are we going to after the exam
D．where we are going to after the exam
39. Jerry asked Mike __________.(2019四川廣元)
????A. where did he come from
????B. where does he come from
????C. where he came from
40. — What did Tom say to you just now, John??(2019四川眉山)
— He asked ??????.
A. why I am so happy today
B. what will I do for the weekend
C. who did I play football with after school
D. if I could go to the movies with?him tonight
41. Could you tell me ______this morning??(?2019四川內(nèi)江)
A. what time you had breakfast ?????B. where have you been
C. how did you get there ???????????D. why will you leave earlier
42. -Excuse me, could you please tell me __________? (2019四川南充)
????-At nine o'clock.
????A. where you have your art lesson B. where do you have your art lesson
????C. what time you have your art lesson D. what time do you have your art lesson
43. —Would you please tell me ??(2019新疆生產(chǎn)建設(shè)兵團(tuán))
—It’s Mr. Black’s.
A. when the robot was bought
B. who the robot belongs to
C. why the robot was made
D. which city the robot was taken to
44. In order to take a pleasant trip to Kunming, Dave emailed me to ask _______________
. (2019云南昆明)
A.what was Kunming most famous for
B.what Kunming was most famous for
C.whether is summer a good time to come
D.whether summer is a good time to come
45. - Could you?tell me ____________________? (2019浙江溫州)
??- You will stay with an English family and take part in their daily life.
A. when I should pay for the course ??? B. what the best part of the course is
C. how long the shortest course lasts ?? D. where I can go sightseeing after class
46.—Dear friends, do you still remember ____ three years ago??（2019重慶）
???—To realize our dream!
A. why you came her B. why did you come here
C. how you came here D. how did you came here
答案：1.ABCDD ??6.ACBAB ?11.ACCBA ??16.BCCCB
?????21.BBABD ???26. BBACB ???31 . CBDBB 36. ADBCD
41.ACBBB ???46. A
定語(yǔ)從句
1. The charities have helped more children with the money _______ people raise. (2019.江蘇淮安)
A. who B. what C. where D. which
2.Du Fuguo is?a hero? is known to millions of Chinese?people.?（2019福建）
A.?who B.?which C. what
3. The movie ____ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth.?(2019甘肅蘭州)
A. who B. which C. where D. when
4. —Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth(流浪地球) ? (2019甘肅天水)
—Yes. ?It's the best one______________?I have ever seen.
A. that ??????B. which ??????C.what ???????D.it
5.I prefer?music_____has great lyrics（2019甘肅敦煌).
????A.who ?????????B.?whose ??????C?.that ???????D./
6. Not all children ____ watch this video will become a scientist, but some may become interested in science. (2019廣東)
A. whom B. which C. who D. whose
7. —Hey, Anna. Would you like to see The White Storm with me?
—You mean, the new police story _____was filmed by Chen Musheng??(2019廣西玉林)
A. who ???????B. what ????????C. whose ????D. which
8. Sweet wormwood(青蒿)is a common plant in China and Tu Youyou is the woman _________
used the special power of the plant to save __________lives. （2019 貴州安順）
????A. which, millions of ????????????????? B. who, millions of
????C. whose, million of ?????????????????? D. who, million of
9.—Do you know the boy over there?
—The one is holding a ball? Oh, that’s my neighbor Phil.?(2019 河南)
A. what B. which C. who D.不填
10.?The book ___ I read last night was fantastic.?(2019黑龍江大慶)
A. that ???B. what ??C. whose ??D.who
11.?—Have?you?got?ready?for?the?soccer?game?
—Yes.?I’ve?done?everything ____ I?can?to?win?the?game.
A. who B. that? C.?which
12. —Tomorrow?is Father’s Day. ?What’s your surprise for your father?
??—The first thing____ I will do is to make a card for him.?(2019湖北黃岡)
??A. who ??????????B. where ???????????C. whose ?????????D. that
13．China is getting better at making hi-tech products ______?can be bought in all parts of the world.?（2019湖南長(zhǎng)沙）
A．who B．which C．what
14. All the classmates enjoyed the cake _________I made at the party. It was really delicious(2019湖南郴州)
A. that ????????????????? B. who ?????????????? C. what
15.Mr.Brown is a teacher?????????is strict with all is students.?（2019吉林）
A.which??????????B.who?????????????C.where
16. Sitting down after a walk is relaxing. But would you like to sit on a seat_____tell you your weight??(2019呼和浩特)
?????A. / ???????????????B. who ???????????????????C. whom ???????????????D. that
17. –Do you know the man ____________ spoke at the meeting just now?
???- No, I don’t know. (2019山東濱州)B
A. what B. who C. which D. whose
18．（1分）﹣﹣Frank， look! Who are the children under the tree___waiting in a line？
﹣﹣They are the students from No． 1 Primary School．（ 2019年四川省達(dá)州?。?/span>
A．that are B．where are C．which is D．who is
19. Success always belongs to those ???????have tried their best to make their dreams come true.?(2019四川眉山)
A. who B. whom ?? C. whose ? D. which
20. The book ______was written by him is very interesting. (?2019四川內(nèi)江)
???A. who ??????B. whom ?????C. which ???????D. /
21. Peppa Pig?(《小豬佩奇》) is a British cartoon _________has been popular in China and is
much loved by little children and their parents.?（2019山東臨沂）
A. who ??????????????????? B. which ??????????????????? C. /
答案：1.DABAC ???6.CDBCA ??11.BDBAB ??16. DBAAC ???21B
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