七年級上形容詞副詞專題
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形容詞在句子中的句法作用及位置：
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⑴ 作定語時放在名詞的前面。形容詞修飾名詞。結(jié)構(gòu)：a/an/ …_______ 名詞
Li Mei is a beautiful city girl. ??????? The new student comes from Japan.???????
My father’s??car is very expensive. ???? The English story is very interesting.???????
★ 少數(shù)形容詞只能作定語這些形容詞包括 little, live(活著的), elder, eldest 等，只能作定語，不能作表語。例如：???
(正)My elder brother is a doctor. (誤)My brother is elder than I.
(正)This is a little house. (誤)The house is little.
(正)Do you want live fish or dead one? (誤)The old monkey is still live.
★ 貌似副詞的形容詞：lonely, friendly, lively, lovely, likely, deadly, daily, weekly, ?
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★ 后置的情況：①修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時放在代詞之后。
如：Something serious?has happened to him.(他發(fā)生了嚴重的事故)
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⑵作表語時放在連系動詞之后，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)：連系動詞?+ 形容詞。
如：The idea sounds great.
連系動詞主要有：be(am, is, are), look(看起來), sound（聽起來）, smell（聞起來）, taste（嘗起來）, feel（感到，摸起來）.
結(jié)構(gòu)： look / sound / smell / taste / feel / seem / … 形容詞
???????look / sound / smell / taste / feel / seem / …?副詞（-ly/very / so/…）+形容詞
The soup tasted very delicious.
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★少數(shù)形容詞只能作表語 這些形容詞包括ill, asleep, awake, alone, afraid, well, worth, glad, unable等，只能作表語，不能作定語。(表語形容詞) 例如：
(正)Don’t?be afraid. (誤)Mr. Li is an afraid man.
(正)The old man was ill yesterday. ????(誤)This is an ill person.?
(正)This place is worth visiting. ???????? (誤)That is a worth book.
⑶作賓語補足語時放在賓語之后。
如：We must try our best to keep our environment?clean.
???★ keep/find/make/think+賓語+形容詞（作賓補）
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⑷.“the+ 形容詞”?用作主語及賓語, 作主語時用作復(fù)數(shù)。
The dead ??the living the rich the poor the blind ???the hungry?
??? The old often think of old things. 老年人經(jīng)?；叵胪隆?/span>
The new always take the place of the old.新生事物總是會取代舊的事物。??
副詞的學(xué)習(xí)
一、用來說明事情發(fā)生時間、地點、原因、方式等含義或說明其它形容詞或副詞程度的詞叫做副詞。
1、副詞的分類：(見下表)
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時 間 副 詞
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頻度副詞
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地點/方位副詞
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程度副詞
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方式副詞
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疑問/連接副詞
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其他副詞
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today, tomorrow,
yesterday, now,
then, early, late,
once, soon, just,
tonight, long,
already, yet, before,
ago, later, ever since
after, whenever
first, someday,
sometime, last,
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once
twice
always
usually
often
sometimes
never
(seldom)
ever
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here, there,
home, below,
anywhere,
above, outside,
in, inside, out,
back, up, down
away, off, far,
near, nearby,
wherever
everywhere,
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very, too,
enough,
rather, quite,
how, so,
much, just,
nearly, only
almost, hardly,
as long as等,
even, all,
a little, a bit
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well,
hard,
alone,
fast,
together,
suddenly,
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how,
where,
when,
why,
whether
however, etc.
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too, also,
nor, so,
as, on, off,
either,
yes, no,
not, neither
maybe,
perhaps,
certainly,
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-ly結(jié)尾的副詞
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關(guān)系副詞
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以-ly結(jié)尾的詞大都是副詞
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where,
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why,
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when,?
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二．副詞的用法：
1、修飾動詞: sing happily , greet sb. politely, talk loudly, listen carefully, rain heavily, sing nicely
2、修飾形容詞: badly ill, truly sorry, really sorry
副詞的構(gòu)成：
① 大多數(shù)情況下由形容詞 +ly：?quiet---quietly ??correct---correctly ??polite---politely
② 以 le結(jié)尾的形容詞: -e—y????terrible—terribly, gentle—gently ，(im) possible—(im) possibly, comfortable—comfortably, simple—simply
③ 以y結(jié)尾的形容詞: -y—ily：easy---easily ?????happy---happily ???heavy---heavily ??
④ 一些形容詞本身也是副詞： long, early, fast, hard，straight ?
⑤ 部分形容詞和副詞是兩個完全不同的詞：good—well
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三、副詞在句子中的位置以及作用：
★（副詞可以修飾動詞、形容詞或副詞，也可放句首修飾整個句子。）
1）修飾動詞時放在該動詞后（主要以方式副詞-ly或程度副詞為主）：It’s raining heavily.
練習(xí)：1. He looked at it ______ again. ?A. care B. carefulness C. careful D. carefully
2. Please do your homework ____________________. (careful)
3. The work isn't hard. I can finish it ____________________. (easy)
4. The girl's voice sounds____. Maybe she can become a good singer when she grows up. ?
A. sweet ?B. sweetly ?C. beautifully
5. The firemen have saved the boy from the fire _______________ (successful).
2) 修飾形容詞或副詞時，放在該詞前面。
You are?quite?right. Don’t ride too?fast. ???Neither Tom nor Susan can swim?very well.
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一、單選
??????1. What a ____ cough! You seem _____ ill.
A. terrible, terribly B. terribly, terrible ?C. terrible, terrible ?D. terrible, terribly
?2. The cheese cake tasted so _____ that the kids asked for more.
?A. delicious? ?B. well ?? C. bad?? ?D. badly
?3. — Whose picture is better, Jack’s or Tom’s?
??? ????— Both of them are good. I think Jack draws??????? Tom.
??????A. as good as? ?B. as well as? ?C. better than? ??????D. worse than
?4. The children all looked _______ at the broken model plane and felt quite _______
A. sad, sad B. sadly, sadly C. sad, sadly D. sadly, sad
?5. This math problem is _______ and I can do it _______. ?
A.?easy, easily B.?easily, easily ???C.?easy, easy ????D.?easily, easy
?6. This kind of cake tastes _______. ?
?A.?good B.?well C.?to be good D.?to be well
二、填入正確的形容詞或副詞(注意區(qū)分形容詞與副詞，名詞與副詞，名詞與形容詞)
1. She is good at swimming. ?She can swim very ___________ (good).
2. The __________(early) birds get the worms(蟲). ?So, we have to get up ___________(early).
3. Dick walked into the living room ____________ (quiet).
4. Susan looked __________(happy) at the party.
5. Marie looks ___________ (happy) at the cat.
6. A _____ (hard) worker works _______ (hard).
7. The ____________ (careful) driver drives ____________ (careful).
8. It’s snowing hard. You must drive _____________ (careful).
9. —This digital camera is really cheap!—The ______ , the better.(cheap) ?I’m short of money, you see.
10. Hainan is a very large island. It’s the second ____________ (large) island in China.
11. My purse was stolen on the bus yesterday. ____________ (luck), there was no money in it.
12. Mobile phones are _________ (wide) used in most of the cities in China.
13. He put on his coat and went out ____________ (quick).
14. She is __________ (good) than Li Ping at swimming.
15. Allie asked me ___________ (polite) to put the things away.
16. —One more satellite was sent up into space in China in May.
?? —Right. The government spoke ___________ of that. (high)
一、規(guī)則變化
1.一般在詞尾直接加er或est， tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest
2.以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的單詞在詞尾直接加r或st， ?nice-nicer-nicest
3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，把y變?yōu)?/span>i，再加er或est， heavy-heavier-heaviest
4.重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾只有一個輔音字母，雙寫這個輔音字母，再加er或est， big-bigger-biggest
注: 大,紅,濕,熱,悲,瘦,胖.雙寫末輔再變級.（big/red/wet/hot/sad/thin/fat ）
5.部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞分別在原級前加more構(gòu)成比較級和most構(gòu)成最高級。
Beautiful——more beautiful——most beautiful
interesting有趣的??boring 無聊的????difficult困難的 relaxing 輕松的
注:表示否定意義在其前加less /least ?????important----less important----least important
English is more interesting than Chinese =Chinese is less interesting than English.
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由 “形容詞+ly”構(gòu)成的副詞,在其前加more/ most
二、不規(guī)則變化
slowly---more slowly----most slowly；但early—earlier---earliest
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原級
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比較級
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最高級
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goo/ well
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better
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best
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many/ much
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more
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most
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bad / badly（壞地）
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worse
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worst
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little
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less
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least
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old
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Older（年齡）/ elder(輩份)
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oldest/ eldest
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far
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farther距離/ further（深奧的）
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farthest/ furthest
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寫出下列單詞的比較級
1.tall___________2.quiet____________ 3.funny_______________4.heavy___________
5.thin_____________6.big______________7.outgoing_____________8.wild________
9.little_____________10.good____________11.bad_______________12.many________
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形容詞，副詞等級的用法
一、原級的用法
1.只能修飾原級的詞，very，quite，so，too
He is too tired to walk on.?
My brother runs so fast that I can’t follow him.
2.原級常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)
（1）A
= B-----A+ as +adj / adv的原級+ as +B ???表示 “A和B一樣”
Tom is as old as Kate. ???????Tom runs as fast as Mike.?
????①他和我一樣高。 He is as ________ (tall) as I/me.
②英語比語文重要。English is as _______________ (important) as Chinese.
③他的頭發(fā)和我的頭發(fā)一樣長。His hair is ________ ________ _______ mine.
④他學(xué)習(xí)和你一樣努力。He works _______ hard ______ you.
（2）A＜B---A +not+as/so+形容詞原級+as+B 表示 “A不如B…”
This room is not as/so big as that one. ???He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.
???①他沒我高。He is ?______ ________ ?(tall) as me.
???②今天沒有昨天暖和。Today is ______ _______ _______(warm) _______ yesterday.
?????????????????????=Yesterday ______ ________ than today.
???③他昨天來得沒有我早。He _________ come ________ early as I (did) yesterday.
（3）A+倍數(shù)+as+adj/adv+as +B ????A 是B 的幾倍
二、比較級的用法[來源:Zxxk.Com]
1.可以修飾比較級的詞.
much，a lot，far，…的多a little，a bit，…一點兒even甚至，still仍然
Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.?Tom looks even younger than before.
2.比較級常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)： “甲+形容詞/副詞的比較級+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”[來源:學(xué)科網(wǎng)ZXXK]
Tom is taller than Kate.????????I got up earlier than my mother this morning.
①. 他比我高。He is ________ (tall) than me.
②. 他的頭發(fā)比我的短。His hair is ________(short) than _________.
??????????????????????He has ________ (short) hair than ________.
③. Tom比我胖。 Tom is _____ (fat) than me.
④. 誰跑得快些，Lucy 還是Lily？ ?Who runs ?_________, Lucy or Lily?
⑤. 英語比語文重要。English is ?_______________ (important) than Chinese.
⑥. 我來的比你晚。I come _______ (late) than you.
⑦. 他比你小2歲。He’s 2 years _________ than you.
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A +比較級+than B ?A比B 大幾倍
??The room is three times than that one.
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“比較級+and+比較級”表示“越來越……”。 ?
?????He is getting taller and taller.
It’s getting ______ and _______(cold)
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“the+比較級，the+比較級”表示“越……，越……”。
The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you’ll make.
三、最高級的用法
1、有范圍修飾的用最高級，如:in, of, among或用從句修飾的句子中。
? This is the most expensive of all the watches.在所有這些表中這塊最貴。
2、序數(shù)詞+最高級+名詞? 表示“第幾個最……的”
?? The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黃河是中國的第二大河流。
3、one of the+最高級+復(fù)數(shù)名詞? 表示“是最……之一”
?? America is one of the richest countries in the world.美國是世界上最富有的國家之一。
4、“特殊疑問詞+be+the+最高級+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比較。
?Which season do you like best，spring，summer or autumn？
①在我們班上他最高。
?He is __________ ( tall) _____ our class.
②瑪麗是這三個學(xué)生中最小的。
Mary is ?__________ (young) ______ the three students.
四、級別的轉(zhuǎn)換
1).原級與比較級的轉(zhuǎn)換
??not as…as 與比較級的轉(zhuǎn)換
??A +not as …as + B → A+比較級(反義詞的比較級) +than +B ?→B+比較
級+than+A
??Mary is not as old as Tom .= Mary is _____ _____ Tom. = Tom is ____ _____ Mary .
?2).比較級與最高級的轉(zhuǎn)換
?a). the +最高級+ of / in ……
?b). 比較級+than+any other +單數(shù)名詞
????????????????+the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞
注意區(qū)別：比較級+than+any other +單數(shù)名詞 ????????比較級+than+any +單數(shù)名詞
Eg：1.Tom is the tallest boy in our class.?????????
?????Tom is taller than ____ ____ boy in our class.
?????Tom is taller than _____ ____?______in our class.?
????2. He is taller than _____ boy in his class. ????He is taller than _____boy in our class .
????A.any ?????????B.any other
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1.[2015黃浦區(qū)一模]We feel proud that our country has developed ______ these years than before.
A) quickly B) more quickly C) most quickly D) the most quickly
2.[2015寶山區(qū)一模]Warm, water freezes________than cold water.
A) quick ?????? B) quicker ??????? C)
?quickly ?????? D) more quickly
3.[2015崇明一模] ?Shenzhen Baoan Airport is almost as?______ as Pudong International Airport.
???A) big ?????????? B) bigger ???????? C) biggest ???????? D) the biggest
4.[2015奉賢區(qū)一模]This summer in Shanghai has been??????in the past few years.
A. the coolest ?????B. the cooler ??????C. cooler ??????????D. cool
5.[2015閘北一模]Hainan Island is the second ____island in China.
A) large ? B) larger C) largest D) the largest
6.[2015嘉定區(qū)一模]Sending emails is much ______ than sending ordinary letters.
A.fast and convenient ???????????????B.faster and more convenient
C.fast and more convenient ??????????D.faster and convenient
7.[2015金山區(qū)一模]Though my sister is very cute, she is not so __________ as me.
?A) confident ??????B) more confident ??C) less confident ??D) the most confident
8.[2015靜安青浦一模]Please notice these words as ______as possible in order not to make the same mistakes.
A: careful B: more careful C: more carefully ??????? D: carefully
9.[2015閔行一模]The wonderful special effects make Transformers (變形金剛) one of?______ films of the?year.
???A) exciting ?????? B) more exciting ??? C) most exciting ??? D) the most exciting
10.[2015浦東一模] When an earthquake happens, you should go outside as ???????as possible.
A. quick ????????????B. quicker ???????????C. more quickly ??????????D. quickly[來源:Z_xx_k
11.[2015松江一模]Jack took music _____than any boy in his class, so he was successful.
A.?less seriously B. seriously?? C. more serious?? D. more
12.[2015徐匯一模]Malala Yousafzai, a seventeen-year-old teenager, is _____ Nobel Prize winner in history.
???A) young B) younger ?? C) youngest ?D) the youngest
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1.Air pollution has become__________ than ever before. We must do something to stop it.
A) serious???B) more serious???C) most serious ??D) the most serious
2.?The little dancer from Australia looks __________?in the long skirt.
?A) gently B) happily C) beautifully D) lovely
?????3.Nowadays science fiction isn’t as _____ as cartoons among teenagers.
?????????A) popular ???B) more popular??????????C) less popular ???D) the most popular
?????4.We are glad to see that Shanghai is developing ________ these years than ever before.
?????????A) quickly?????B) less quickly??????????C) more quickly D) the most quickly
?????5. The cheese cake tasted so ______ that the kids asked for more.
?????????A) delicious ????????????B) well ??C) bad D) badly
?????6.I don’t like this kind of music. It always makes me feel_________.
A. excited ??????B. happy ??????C. relaxed ??????????D. bored
?????7.We are all sorry to hear that the number of the Asian tigers _ getting ?these years.
?????????A.is, fewer ??????B. is,smaller ????C. are,more ???D. are,bigger
8.Everyone likes Kevin because he talks to others ________.
A) friendly B) lovely C) politely D) luckily
9.Jenny goes to school ________ than any other student in her class.
A) early B) earlier C) earliest D) the earliest
10.Landing on the moon sounds ________. I hope I can go there one day.
A) wonderful B) wonderfully C) terrible D) terribly
11.The Oriental Pearl TV Tower is ________ all Shanghai citizens.
A) famous for B) familiar to C) pleased with D) interested in
12.Our headmaster invited Christine to ?___ the English Festival last term.
???A. be late for ????????B. ?be angry with ????????
???C. be familiar with ???D. ?be responsible for
13. Many sports players became well-known after they joined in the Beijing Olympic Games. The underlined part means " ????????????
???A. rich ??????????B. ?strong ???????C. ?lucky ???????D. ?famous
14.It's ___ ?to read the map before you travel to a new place.
???A. helpful ????B. ?harmful ???C. ?powerful ??????????D. ?Awful
15.My dog is gentle and never bites, so you needn't be____________.
???A. excited ??????B. frightened ?????C. satisfied ????????D. interested
16.Edward, you have grown up. You should learn to make your own room ______.
???A) empty ?? B) noisy C) dirty ?? D) tidy
17.The home made ice-cream in this restaurant tastes ______. Would you like some?
???A. softly ???????B. ?greatly ??????????C. ?nice ???????D. ?well
????18.Listening is just as ___________as speaking in language learning.
???A. important ?????B. more important ???C. most important ?D. the most important
19. Is this a photo of your daughter? She looks ____________ in the pink dress!
???A. lovely ?????B. quietly ?????C. politely ????D. happily
????20.My old neighbour Charles felt ________ after his children moved out.
????????A) lonely B) safely C) angrily D) happily
????21.The volunteer spoke as ________ as she could to make the visitors understand her.
????????A) clearly B) more clearly C) most clearly D) the most clearly
21. Jane can speak English _________. She wants to work for the Special Olympic Games.
???A) correct ??? B) nice ????????? C) sweet ????????D) well
22. This motorcycle is not as _________ as that one, and it uses less gas.
???A) expensive ??? B) less expensive
???C) more expensive D) the most expensive
23.Mr Smith said to Billy, “Your idea sounds _________.”
???A) clearly ?? B) fluently ???? C) good ??????? D) loud
24. The students from Xinjiang enjoy staying in our school because everyone is ______ to them.
???A) friendly ?? B) gently ?? C) happily ?? D) politely
25. We hope that with the help of the new skill, Liu Xiang can run ______ than before.
???A) fast ?? B) faster ?? C) fastest ?? D) the fastest
26.Pudong International Airport is one of ______ airports in the world.
???A) big ????????? B) bigger ???????? C) biggest ???? D) the biggest
27.The baby feels ______ while his mother holds him in her arms.
???A) save ???????? B) safe ???????????? C) safely ???? D) safety
28. Thanks to the new inventions, our lives are much ??????????????than before.
???A. convenient ?????B. ?more convenient ?
???C. most convenient ?D. ?the most convenient
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