時態(tài)
現(xiàn)在完成時
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構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在完成時由助動詞have + 過去分詞構(gòu)成，助動詞have 有人稱和數(shù)的變化。第三人稱單數(shù)用has，其余用have.
現(xiàn)在完成時的否定式直接在助動詞后面加上not、疑問式是把助動詞提到主語之前。以study 為例，其否定式、疑問式和簡單回答形式如下：
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否定式
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疑問式
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I have not (haven’t) studied….
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Have I studied…?
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You have not (haven’t) studied….
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Have you studied…?
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He has not (hasn’t) studied….
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Has he studied…?
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否定疑問式
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簡單回答（肯定/否定）
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Have I not (Haven’t I) studied…?
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Yes, you have. No, you haven’t.
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Have you not (Haven’t you) studied…?
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Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
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Has he not (Hasn’t he) studied…?
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Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.
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考點：have gone to/ have been to/ have been in 的用法
??Have been to 用來表示“去過某地（已經(jīng)回來了）”，后接地名。如：
They have been to the USA before. 他們以前去過美國。
Where have you been? 你去過哪里？
He hasn’t been to Beijing. 他沒去過北京。
注意：我們說have been there , 但不能說have been to there. 注意副詞前面不可有介詞。
??Have gone to 表示“去了某地（還沒回來）”，后接地名。如：
She has gone to Beijing. 她已經(jīng)去了北京。
??Have been in 表示“呆在某地”。
She has been in Beijing for 3 years. 她呆在北京三年了。
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重點：現(xiàn)在完成時的句子中，常常用到副詞already, just , yet
??already : 表示動作發(fā)生于現(xiàn)在之前，距離現(xiàn)在時間較長，位于句中。
He went to the USA two years ago and came back a year ago. 他兩年前去了美國，一年前回來了。
??just: 表示動作發(fā)生于現(xiàn)在之前，但距離現(xiàn)在時間較短，位于句中
Susan went to the UK two years ago and came back yesterday. Susan has just been to the UK. 蘇珊兩周前去了英國，昨天回來。 蘇珊剛剛?cè)ビ?/span>
??yet: 表示現(xiàn)在之前動作沒有發(fā)生，但將來有可能發(fā)生。位于句末。
I want to visit Singapore very much but I haven’t been there yet. 我很想去新加坡，但我還沒去過。
注意：yet 可以用在否定句和一般疑問句中，如：
Have you been to Singapore yet??你去過新加坡了嗎？
——No，I haven’t been there yet. 不，我還沒去過。
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【課堂小練】
1.?My father isn't here now. He ___Shanghai. He ___ there twice.
A. has gone; has been ??????????????????B. has gone to; has been to ?
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has been to; has gone ????????????????D. has gone to; has been
2.?-Hi! Bruce. I haven’t seen you for three weeks.
-Hi! George. I___ America.
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have gone to ???????B. went to ???????C. have been to ??D. have been in
3.?My uncle___ London for five years. But he will be back next year.
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went ?????????????B. has been in ????C. has gone ?????D. has gone to
4.?-Could I speak to Mrs. Black, please?
-Sorry, she ___ to the library.
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is going ???????????B. has gone ??????C. has been ?????D. will to
5.?Peter is young, but he___ many foreign countries.
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has been in ????????B. has gone to ????C went to ???????D. has been to
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一般將來時
1. 一般將來時的含義: 一般將來時主要表示將要發(fā)生的動作或事件。
2. 一般將來時的用法：
??1) 主語十shall/will+ do
?????注意：shall 用于第一人稱，常被will 所代替。
???????????will 在陳述句中用于各種人稱，在征求意見時常用于第二人稱。
?????I shall get there early.我會早點過去。
?They will have a meeting tomorrow.明天他們將開會。
??2)?主語 + be?(am/is/are)?going to + do
?????a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事
?????We are going to have a picnic in the park this weekend.
?????這周末我們要去公園野餐。
?????b. 計劃，安排要發(fā)生的事
?????The play is going to be produced next month.
?????這個戲下月開播。
?????c. 有跡象要發(fā)生的事
?????Look at the black clouds, there is going to be a storm.
??3）一般將來時的時間標志有：
?????tomorrow, soon, this evening, tonight, this weekend, in two days, in 2016, next week等。
?I will finish my work in two days。我將在兩天內(nèi)完成工作。
We will take part in Mary’s birthday party tonight。
我們今天晚上要參加瑪麗的生日派對。
??4)?一般將來時的句式變化：
??????a. 一般將來時的否定句：在be動詞或者will后面直接加not.例如：
??????He won’t go out because it is raining. 他不會出去的，因為外面在下雨。
??????He isn’t going to play the piano this evening. 他今晚將不會彈鋼琴。
??????b.一般將來時的一般疑問句：直接將be動詞或will提前放到句首。例如：
??????Will you have a test next week? 你們下周有考試嗎？
??????Are you going to join us? 你要加入我們嗎？
??????c.一般將來時的特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞開頭，后面加一般疑問句。例如：
??????When will you finish your homework? 你什么時候完成你的作業(yè)？
??????= When are you going to finish your homework?
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【課堂小練】
Ⅰ.?Choose the best answer.
1. Eddie__________?trees this weekend.
??????A. be going to plant B. will plant
C. will planting???????????????????D. will be plant
2. __________I with you? Sure.
??????A. Shall ... go B. Will ...?go
C. Can . . . going??????????????????D. Am... going
3. —__________you free tomorrow?
??— No. I__________?free the day after tomorrow.
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Are . . . going to .. . will?????????B.?Are ... going to be .. . will???
C.?Are .. . going to be . . . will be?????D. Are...going to...will be
4. If?Mr. Black comes, we__________?a meeting.
??????A. have B. will have
C. going to have??????????????????D. will be having
5. Simon__________?here next month.
??????A. isn't working B. shall work
C. isn't going to work???????????????D. will be work
6. My parents will go to see a film__________.
??????A. that morning B. this weekend
C. last night??????????????????????D. yesterday
7. What are the boys going to do this afternoon?
??????A.?They are going to a flower show.???B. They go to the park.???????
C. They are watching TV.???????????D. They went to the park.
8. __________will her aunt do tomorrow?
?????A. Where B. When
C. What???????????????????????????D. How
9. There__________?a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.
?????A. is B. will have
C. is going to be?????????????????????D. will be having
10. Mother__________?me a nice present on my next birthday.
?????A. will gives B. will give
C. gives???????????????????????????D. is giving
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Ⅱ.?Fill in the blanks.
1. I________ (go) to Beijing in three days.
2. My mother________ (come) here tonight.
3. It________ (rain) the day after tomorrow.
4. I________ (have) an English class next week.
5. What their teacher (do) next month?
6. You (watch) football games next Sunday.
7. That boy (go) to school soon.
8. My parents (take) me to the park this weekend.
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Ⅲ. Rewrite the following sentences. (按要求改寫句子)
1. Mrs. Smith is going to buy a new dress. (對劃線部分提問)
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2. They will have a meeting at 2:30 this afternoon. (否定句)
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3. Mr. Liu?will be our Chinese teacher. (對劃線部分提問)
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4. The boys are going to see a film on Children's Day. (一般疑問句)
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5. Her brother is going to watch cartoons?this Saturday evening. (對劃線部分提問)
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課堂練習(xí)
Ⅰ.?Choose the best answer (選擇)
1．The book ????????me ten yuan·
????A．spend ?????????B．cost ?????????C．eat ??????????D-take
2．Jerry is my best friend．He often ????????his food with me·
????A．share ?????????B．sharing????????C．shares ????????D．to share
3．Peter often plays ?????????football with his friends on Sunday。
????A．the ???????????B．a ????????????C．an ???????????D·／
4．Father's Day is coming．Let’s make a cake ?????????our father．
????A．for ???????????B．with ??????????C．to ???????????D·from
5．Have you ever ??????????Dragon Bay?
????A．gone to?????????B．been to ???????C．been in ???????D.gone in
6．It’s 4 o'clock．Let ????????????go home together，OK?
????A．we ???????????B．our ???????????C．us ???????????D.their
7．???????????do you usually go to school?
????A．What ?????????B．How ??????????C．When ????????D.Where ?．
8．Amy has ????????????been to the North Bay·
????A．yet ???????????B．often ??????????C．always ???????D．already
9．一?????????????are your storybooks?
???一Fifteen yuan．
????A．What ?????????B．How many??????C How much ?????D．How
10．My house is ???????my school, so I often walk to school．
????A．far away from ??B．near????????????C．far away ?????D．near away
11．Jim is very ???????????to me，so I like him very much．
A．lucky ?????????B. far ?????????????C . naughty ??????D．Kind
12．We promise ?????????????the environment．
????A．pollute ????????B．not to pollute?????C．pollutes ?????D．to not pollute
l3．Tommy has got many birthday presents ??????????his friends and relatives．
????A．for ???????????B．after ???????????C．at ??????????D．from
14．You mustn’t ?????????the rubbish there；you should put it into the rubbish bin．
A．1eave ?????????B．put ????????????C．take ????????D．Tell
15．There is not ??????????in the fridge．
A．enough food ?????B．food enough?????C．many food ?????D．few food
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Ⅱ. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms．(用所給單詞的適當形式填空)
1．In summer, we can go ???????????(swim)in the sea．
2．You should not ????????????(be)late for school next time，Jimmy．
3. ?Mike often helps me with my English．He is very ??????????.(help)
4．It’ll be Grandpa’s ????????????(fifty)birthday tomorrow．
5．It is an ?????????????(importance)day today．It’s Teachers’?Day．
6．Alice is???????????(I)good friend．We often play together．
7．We should always help ???????????(other)．
8．Look! The two girls are ????????????(play)tennis now! ????
9. ?Mary always ???????????(work)hard，and she never gets angry．
10．How many ??????????????(member)are there in your family?
11．What ???????????????(else)do you do with your aunt?
12．???????????????(friend)of the Earth look after the environment．
13．We should ??????????????(use)the bottles．
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Ⅲ．Rewrite the sentences as required(按要求改寫句子）
1．Winnie is visiting Garden City for the first time．(對畫線部分提問)
???????????????????????Winnie ??????????for the first time?
2．I've been to Seaside Town on Lucky Island．(改為一般疑問句)
????????????????you ?????????to Seaside Town on Lucky Island?
3．We are going to Green Market by bike．(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)
???We are going to ??????????????????to Green Market．
4．Our English class often begins at 8 o’clock?．(對畫線部分提問)
????????????????????????????does your English class often ?????????????
5．This is a photo of my mother and me．(改為否定句)
????????????????????a photo of my mother and me．
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Ⅳ. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage.
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True or False（判斷下列句子是否符合短文意思，符合用“T”表示，不符合用“F”表示）
One night, when we were studying quietly in the classroom, suddenly a bird flew in through an open window. Someone called out, "Look, a bird! Catch it!" All the doors and windows were quickly closed. The bird had no way to go outside but to fly up and down in the classroom.
A few minutes later, the bird flew more and more slowly. To my great joy, the bird fell down onto my desk. I caught it at once. I was surprised to find that it was a very beautiful bird. I had never seen such a bird. One of my classmates said, "Take it home and keep it. " But most of my classmates said that I should set it free. They said, "It's our duty to protect birds. "
I went out of the classroom with the little bird in my hands. I opened my hands and the poor thing stood up and flew away.
( ???????) 1. ?A bird flew in through an open window in the afternoon.
( ) 2. ?As the windows and doors were closed, the bird had to fly up and down in?classroom.
( ???????) 3. ?After a long time, the bird flew more and more slowly.
( ) 4. ?One of the writer's classmate caught this bird.
( ???????) 5. ?Many of the classmates said that the bird should be set free.?
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B. Choose the best answer（根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最恰當?shù)拇鸢福?/span>
“Which meal（餐） do we all need most（最）, breakfast, lunch or dinner?” Miss Williams asks. Boys and girls put up their hands, they know the answer.
“What do you think, Jim?” ?“ Dinner.” He answered.
????“ Dinner is the big meal of the day,” says Miss Williams, but I do not think it is the meal we need most.”
????“Is the lunch the meal we need most?” Tom asks.
????“No,” says Miss Williams. “ Breakfast is the meal we need most, why is this so?”
???“Because we haven’t eaten anything for a long time.”
???“ That’s right.” Says Miss Williams. “We need food every morning. What makes a good breakfast, give me your answers, boys and girls. Let me write them on the blackboard.” The students have many answers. But the first word Miss Williams writes on the blackboard is milk.
1. _______________ are talking about eating.
???????A. The mother and her children. ???
B. Some boys and girls.
C. The teacher and her students.
???????D. Jim and the teacher
2. Every day we need ____________ most.
A. breakfast ???????????B. lunch ??????????C. dinner????????????D. snack
3. Miss Williams thinks it is _____________ to make a good breakfast.
???????A. no good ????????????B. cheap ??????????C. important??????????D. easy
4. The first word Miss Williams writes on the blackboard is ___________.
???????A. breakfast ???????????B. meal ???????????C. milk??????????????D. water
5.?The children are having a _____________.
???????A. picnic ?????????????B. class ????????????C. game??????????????D. discussion
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C.Read the passage?and fill in the blanks with proper words．（在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當?shù)膯卧~，使其內(nèi)容通順，每空填一詞，首字母已給出）
(1)
Every Monday is usually a very busy time in Shanghai. People usually rush （匆忙）to their jobs. My father goes to work by t_______, sometimes he takes the b________. I usually go to school on f_______. But sometimes I take the school bus, and my mother goes to the bank by u_________. The city is always very busy. There are a lot of bicycles, vans，motorbikes（摩托車） and c____ on the road. It’s full of traffic(交通擁擠). They move very slowly. ?
???????
(2)
What weather do you like? Some people like s_______ days, because they can go to do what they like. And on vacation or at weekends, they like going to the beach to a_____ sunshine. It?makes them relaxing. But they do not like rain. They always f______ sad when it rains. I like sunshine very much, and I enjoy rain as well. On r_______ ?days, I like to Listen to music, do some r______ or just look out of the window and daydream. I daydream about a wonderful?holiday when I do not need to do my homework or feel nervous about the exam. Sometimes, I like to sleep when it rains. Sunshine can make one well around and rain can make one quiet. Which do you like?
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Fill in the blanks about the story（閱讀短文，填空，每線詞數(shù)不限）
(1)
After my husband and I spent a morning at the zoo with Jim, our four-year-old son, we stopped?at a restaurant for lunch. When the waiter handed us the menu, my husband reached into his pocket for his glasses. He was disappointed (失望的) to find that they were lost. "I know where your glasses are, Dad. " said Jim.
"Where?" asked my husband.
"They are at the zoo," Jim answered, "When you took me off the train, they fell out of your pocket. "
My husband tried to control(控制) himself and asked, "Jim, when you saw my glasses fall out of my pocket, why didn't you tell me?"
"Well, Dad," said Jim, "After you put your foot on them, I didn't think you wanted them any more. "
1 . Where were Jim and his parents after they visited the zoo?
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2. How old was Jim?
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3. What did Jim's dad lost?
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4. Where were the glasses?
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5. Were the glasses broken?
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(2)
Mr.?Stone lives in a nice house with his wife. From Monday to Friday he works in an office near his house. He has a nice garden beside his house. Mr.?Stone is busy on Saturdays and Sundays. Because he likes planting flowers in the garden. The flowers are very beautiful and Mrs.?Stone likes them，too. So she often helps Mr.?Stone in the garden.
1. Where does Mr.?Stone live?
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2. When does he work in an office?
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3. Why is Mr.?Stone busy at weekends?
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4. How many days does Mr.?Stone work in his garden?
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Does Mrs.?Stone often help Mr.?Stone in the garden?
Keys:
【現(xiàn)在完成時】?D C D B D
【一般將來時】
Ⅰ.?Choose the best answer.
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B ???2. A ??3. ?C ??4. ?B ???5. C ???6. ?B ???7. ?A ??8. ?C ??9. ?C ???10. B
Ⅱ.?Fill in the blanks.
?1. am going/will go ?2. is coming/will come ????3. is going to rain/will rain ???4. am?going to have/will have ?????5. is ... going to do/will ... do ?????6. are going to watch/will watch
7. is going/will go ?????????????????8. are going to take/will take ?
Ⅲ. Rewrite the following sentences.
1. What is Mrs. Smith going to buy?
2. They won't have a meeting at 2:30 this afternoon.
3. Who will be your Chinese teacher?
4. Are the boys going to see a film on Children's Day?
5. What is her brother going to do this Saturday evening?
【課堂練習(xí)】?
I.?Choose the best answer (選擇)
1—5 BCDAB 6～10 CBDCB ?11—15 ?DBDAA
II. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms．
1．swimming 2．be 3．helpful 4．fiftieth ?5．important 6．my 7．others 8．playing
9．works 10．members 11．else ?12．Friends 13．reuse
Ⅲ．Rewrite the sentences as required(按要求改寫句子）
1．Where is；visiting 2．Have；been ?3．ride bicycles 4．What time；begin 5．This isn't
Ⅳ. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage.
A：??1. F ??2. T ??3. F ???4. F ???5. T ??
B.： ?1. C??2. A??3. C??4. C??5. B
C.：??(1) 1. taxi???2. bus???3.?foot ???4. underground ?5.?cars
??????(2) 1.?Sunny??2.?enjoy??3.?feel??4.?rainy??5. reading
D：??(1) ?1 . They were at a restaurant. ??????????2. He was four years old. ??3. He lost his glasses. ???????????????4. They were at the zoo. ????5. Yes, they were. ???????
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1. He lives in?a nice house.???2. From Monday to Friday.?
3. Because he likes planting flowers.????4. Two days. ??5. Yes, she does.
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