No.1

there be 句型基本認(rèn)識(shí)

1.定義：There be句型表示某處存在某物或某人。

2.結(jié)構(gòu)：

(1) There is +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+ 地點(diǎn)狀語

(2) There are +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+地點(diǎn)狀語

注意事項(xiàng)：there是引導(dǎo)詞，在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，翻譯時(shí)也不必譯出。句子的主語是某人或某物，謂語動(dòng)詞be要與主語（某人或某物）的數(shù)保持一致。當(dāng)主語是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要與跟它最近的那個(gè)名詞一致。如：

① There is a bird in the tree. ? 樹上有一只鳥。
② There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. ?我們教室里有一位老師和許多學(xué)生。
③ There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 樹下有兩個(gè)男孩，一個(gè)女孩。

No.2

there be 句型的常考點(diǎn)

考點(diǎn)一：各種句型轉(zhuǎn)化

1.變成否定

There be句型的否定式的構(gòu)成和含有be動(dòng)詞的其它句型一樣，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副詞，no為形容詞，not a/an/any + n. 相當(dāng)于no+ n.。例如：?

There are some pictures on the wall. →There aren't any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall.?

There is a bike behind the tree. → There isn't a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.

2.變成一般疑問句

There be句型的一般疑問句變化是把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)整到句首，再在句尾加上問號(hào)即可。但同時(shí)要注意：當(dāng)肯定句中有some時(shí)，要將其改為any（否定變化也一樣）。

There is some water on Mars. → Is there any water on Mars?
There are some fish in the water. →Are there any fish in the water?

3.特殊疑問句

對(duì)主語提問：當(dāng)主語是人的時(shí)候，則用who 引導(dǎo)，當(dāng)主語是物的時(shí)候，則用what 引導(dǎo)。注意：無論原句的主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，對(duì)之提問時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式(回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來決定)。如：?

There are many things over there. →What's over there?
There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room??

對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語提問：則用where 引導(dǎo)。如：

There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer?
There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children?

對(duì)數(shù)量提問：般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu)：
How many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are there+介詞短語？
How much+不可數(shù)名詞+is there+介詞短語？

考點(diǎn)二：there be 句型的時(shí)態(tài)

be可以有現(xiàn)在時(shí)（there is/are）、過去時(shí)(there was/were)、將來時(shí)(there is/are going to be或there will be)和完成時(shí)(there have/has been)；還可用there must be ,there can’t be, there used to be等。

考點(diǎn)三：there be 句型反意疑問句的構(gòu)成：be (not) there?

考點(diǎn)四：there be 句型的主謂一致：

There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的be動(dòng)詞要和后面所跟名詞保持一致,遵循就近原則。

考點(diǎn)五：there be 句型用的其他動(dòng)詞：

there be 句型中有時(shí)不用動(dòng)詞be，而用come , live ,stand , lie, seem to be , happen to be等。如：

There ____ a knife and a fork on the table. (2007黃岡)
A. seems to be????? B.? seem to be??? C. is seeming to be? D. are

剖析：根據(jù)就近原則，首先排除B、D，而 there be 句型中有時(shí)不用動(dòng)詞be ，而用come , live ,stand , lie, seem to be等，所以答案應(yīng)從A、C中選。感官動(dòng)詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)，故C也不正確。

注意事項(xiàng)：there be 句型與have句型的區(qū)別
(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含義。區(qū)別如下：There be表示“某處存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人擁有某物/某人”，它表示所有、擁有關(guān)系。?如：
He has two sons. ? 他有兩個(gè)兒子。

There are two men in the office. ?? 辦公室里有兩個(gè)男人。
(2)當(dāng)have表示“包括”、“存在”的含義時(shí)，There be 句型與其可互換。如：
A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. ?一個(gè)星期有七天。

No.3

專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練

I.將下列句子變成否定句和一般疑問句。
1.There is some water in the bottle.

2.There are many apples in the box.

II. 對(duì)句子劃線部分提問。

3.There are seven days in a week.

4.There are lots of books in our library.

5.There is a knife over there.

6.There is a little milk in the glass.

Ⅲ. 漢譯英。

7.房子前面有一輛小汽車。
8.今晚不開會(huì)。
9.我能為你做點(diǎn)什么嗎？
10.山腳下有一棵大樹。
11.你們班有多少學(xué)生？
12.桌子上放著什么？
13.你丟的那個(gè)錢包里有多少錢？

【參考答案】

1.There is not any water in the bottle.
? ? ?Is there any water in the bottle?
2.There are not many apples in the box.
? ? Are there many apples in the box?
3.How many days are there in a week.?
4.How many books are there in your library?
5.What’s (there) over there.
6.How much milk is there in the glass?

Ⅲ.7.There is a car in front of the house.
8.There is not going to be a meeting tonight.
9.Is there anything I can do for you ?
10.There stands a tall tree at the foot of the mountain .
11.How many students are there in your class?
12. What’s on the table ?
13.How much money is there in the purse you have lost ?

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