2018年英語(yǔ)中考?xì)w納復(fù)習(xí)專題：數(shù)詞
【數(shù)詞】
表示數(shù)目和順序的詞叫數(shù)詞。數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩類，基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目的多少，序數(shù)詞表示順序。
????????????????????基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞
-
基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成
|
數(shù)字
|
基數(shù)詞形式
|
示例
|
|
0~12
|
獨(dú)立詞
|
zero,one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve
|
|
13~19
|
個(gè)位數(shù)+teen(13,15,18稍特殊)
|
thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen
|
|
20~90
(整十)
|
個(gè)位數(shù)+ty(20,30,40,50,80稍有變化)
|
twenty，thirty，forty，fifty，sixty，seventy，eighty，ninety
|
|
21~99
|
(非整十)整十位數(shù)+“”+個(gè)位數(shù)
|
twentyone?21，fiftyfive?55
|
|
101~999
(非整百)
|
百位數(shù)與十位數(shù)或個(gè)位數(shù)之間用and連接。
|
five?hundred?and?nine?509，two?hundred?and?thirtyfive?235
|
|
幾百、
幾千等
|
在hundred,thousand等詞前加基數(shù)詞。
|
one?hundred，two?thousand
|
?
?
-
序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成
|
數(shù)字
|
序數(shù)詞變化規(guī)則
|
示例
|
|
1~3
|
特殊變化
|
first，second,third
|
|
4~19
|
對(duì)應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞+th(第5,8,9,12稍不同)
|
fourth,fifth,sixth,seventh,eighth，ninth,tenth,eleventh,
twelfth,thirteenth,fourteenth,
fifteenth,sixteenth,seventeenth,
eighteenth,nineteenth
|
|
20~90
(整十)
|
將對(duì)應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞變ty為tie，再加-th
|
twentieth,thirtieth,fortieth,fiftieth,sixtieth,seventieth,eightieth,ninetieth
|
|
21~99,
101~999
(整十、整
百除外)
|
只將個(gè)位數(shù)變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞
|
twentyfirst,thirtyfifth，one?hundred?and?twentyninth
|
|
整百、
整千等
|
在hundred，thousand等詞詞尾加-th
|
two?hundredth,one?thousandth
|
?
注意：序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式由阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字加序數(shù)詞的后兩個(gè)字母構(gòu)成。
如：first-1st ??sixth-6th ?????????
????巧記口訣：??
????????????基變序，有規(guī)律，結(jié)尾加上th;
?????????????一二三，特殊記，結(jié)尾字母t,d,d;
?????????????八去t，九去e，f來(lái)把ve替;
??????????ty將y變ie，后加th別忘記；
?????????????要是遇到幾十幾，只變個(gè)位就可以。
3.基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的用法
(1)表示數(shù)量(用基數(shù)詞)。如：I have six pencils.我有六支鉛筆。
(2)表示時(shí)刻(用基數(shù)詞)
|
表達(dá)法
|
示例
|
|
時(shí)在前,分在后
|
7:45?seven?forty-five
|
|
分在前,
時(shí)在后
|
在30分鐘（含30分鐘）以內(nèi)時(shí)，用“分鐘數(shù)+past+時(shí)數(shù)”表示
|
8:20?twenty?past?eight
10:15?fifteen?past?ten
12:30?half?past?twelve
|
|
超過(guò)30分鐘時(shí)，用“分鐘數(shù)+to+下一時(shí)數(shù)”表示
|
6:47?thirteen?to?seven
9:56?four?to?ten
11:40?twenty?to?twelve
|
|
幾刻鐘
|
二刻鐘two?quarters
九點(diǎn)一刻a?quarter?past?nine
|
(3)表示年齡(用基數(shù)詞)
|
表達(dá)法
|
示例
|
|
①基數(shù)詞(+years?old)，基數(shù)詞>1時(shí)，year用復(fù)數(shù)
|
He’s?four（years?old).他四歲了。
|
|
②基數(shù)詞yearold，常作定語(yǔ)，year用單數(shù)
|
She’s?an?eightyearold?girl.她是一個(gè)八歲的女孩。
|
|
③“at?the?age?of+基數(shù)詞”表示“在……歲時(shí)”
|
at?the?age?of?ten在十歲時(shí)
|
|
④“in?one’s+整十的復(fù)數(shù)形式”表示“在某人幾十多歲時(shí)”
|
in?his?forties在他四十多歲時(shí)
|
-
表示編號(hào)
|
表達(dá)法
|
示例
|
|
①名詞+基數(shù)詞(首字母大寫)
②the+序數(shù)詞+名詞(首字母不大寫)
|
第一課Lesson?One=the?first?lesson
第九頁(yè)Page?Nine=the?ninth?page
九年級(jí)三班Class?Three,Grade?Nine
207房間Room?207
|
(5)表示日期(年、月、日)、年代及世紀(jì)
年用基數(shù)詞，日用序數(shù)詞，讀時(shí)前面加定冠詞the。年份可整體讀,也可以先讀前兩位數(shù),再讀后兩位數(shù)。
|
內(nèi)容
|
表達(dá)法
|
示例
|
|
月,日,
年
|
月+the+序數(shù)詞,年
|
1998年6月3日
June?the?third，nineteen?ninetyeight
|
|
日,月,
年
|
the+序數(shù)詞+of+月,年
|
2009年8月25?日
the?twentyfifth?of?August，two?thousand?and?nine
|
|
年代
|
“in?the+年份的復(fù)數(shù)形式”表示“在幾世紀(jì)幾十年代”
|
在20年紀(jì)40年代?in?the?1940s/1940’s/nineteen?forties
|
|
世紀(jì)
|
“the+序數(shù)詞+century”或“the+百位進(jìn)數(shù)+’s”
?
|
在21世紀(jì)in?the?twentyfirst/21st?century
in?the?1900’s在20世紀(jì)
|
（6）表示分?jǐn)?shù)、倍數(shù)
|
分?jǐn)?shù)
|
分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞
|
|
分子為1時(shí),分母用單數(shù)
|
分子>1時(shí),分母加s
|
|
?????????1/5?one?fifth
注意:1/2通常用a/one?half
?????????1/4通常用a/one?quarter
|
2/3two?thirds
5/6?five?sixths
4/7?four?sevenths
|
|
倍數(shù)
|
twice表示兩倍,兩倍以上用基數(shù)詞+times表示，如：five?times五倍
|
注意：
(1)序數(shù)詞前面通常要加定冠詞the，若序數(shù)詞前有my，his等限定詞修飾時(shí)，則不加the。如：My parents are in the second photo.我父母在第二張照片里。
(2)序數(shù)詞前加不定冠詞a/an,表示“又一；再一”。如：You’ve tried two times.Why not try a third time? 你已經(jīng)試了兩次。為何不再試一次呢？
(3)“基數(shù)詞+more+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”表示“又；再”，通?？膳c“another+基數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)互換使用。如：Lucy gave me two more apples.
=Lucy gave me another two apples.
露西又給了我兩個(gè)蘋果。
【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練1】
1.Helen loves reading.She has read ____ (five) books this month.
2.Sunday is the ______ (one) day of a week.
3.Rose received a letter full of love from her parents on her _____________ (seventeen) birthday.
4.You’d better take this medicine ______ (two) a day.
5.Boys and girls，please turn to Page ___ and look at the ___ picture. （ ???）
A.Sixth;six ?????????????????????????????????B.Six;six
C.Six;sixth ?????????????????????????????????D.Sixth;sixth
答案：five ??first??seventeenth ?twice ??C
?
?
概數(shù)詞
1.表示確切的數(shù)字（具體數(shù)字+概數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞）hundred，thousand，million等詞與具體數(shù)字（如one，two）連用時(shí)，要用單數(shù)形式（其后不加s），一般不與of連用。如：
three hundred students三百名學(xué)生
2.表示不確切的數(shù)字（概數(shù)詞加s+of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞）hundred，thousand，million等詞與of連用時(shí)，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式（其后加s），此時(shí)前面不能再加數(shù)字。如：thousands of people成千上萬(wàn)的人
【考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練2】
1.There are about five ________ (thousand) students in our school.
2. _______（million) of people in the world are sending and receiving emails every day.
3.It is reported that people throw ___ plastic bags along this street every week. （ ???）
A.hundred ??B.hundreds ??C.hundred of ??D.hundreds of
答案：thousand???Millions ?D
【考題熱身】
1.The ____________________（thirteen) Games of China will be held in Tianjin from August 27 to September 8.
2.My school is going to have an open day on the ______（ten) of next month.
3.Yancheng has the ________（two) largest population of more than 8 million in Jiangsu Province.
4.Jim’s aunt bought him a new model ship on his ?________（seven) birthday.
5.The boy got the ______（one) place in the singing competition.
6.—How old is your daughter?
— _____ .We had a special party for her ___ birthday yesterday.（ ?????）
A.Nine;nine ??????????????????????????????B.Nine;ninth
C.Ninth;ninth ????????????????????????????D.Ninth;nine
7.Two ____ students in our school are from the countryside. （ ????）
A.hundred of ?????????????????????B.hundreds of
C.hundred ????????????????????????D.hundreds
8.—“Food Safety” has become one of the hottest topics recently.
—Yeah,it receives ___ Internet hits a day. （ ???）
A.thousands ?????????????????????????B.thousands of
C.thousand ???????????????????????????D.hundreds
9.There are twelve boys and thirteen girls in Class Four,which means ___ students in total.
（ ????）
A.33 ????????????????B.25 ??????????????????C.13 ???????????????????D.12
10.___ of the land in that town ___ covered with trees and grass. （ ????）
A.Two fifth;is ?????????????????????????B.Two fifth;are
C.Two fifths;is ???????????????????????D.Two fifths;are
答案：1.Thirteenth/thirteenth/13th 2.tenth 3.second 4.seventh 5.first 6.B 7.C8.B 9.B10.C
獲得更多試題及答案，歡迎聯(lián)系微信公眾號(hào)：ygjjcom
